scholarly journals Association between aging-dependent gut microbiome dysbiosis and dry eye severity in C57BL/6 male mouse model: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Ho Yoon ◽  
Jin Suk Ryu ◽  
Jayoon Moon ◽  
Mee Kum Kim
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Tear Secretion ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Corneal Staining

Abstract Background While aging is a potent risk factor of dry eye disease, age-related gut dysbiosis is associated with inflammation and chronic geriatric diseases. Emerging evidence have demonstrated that gut dysbiosis contributes to the pathophysiology or exacerbation of ocular diseases including dry eye disease. However, the relationship between aging-related changes in gut microbiota and dry eye disease has not been elucidated. In this pilot study, we investigated the association between aging-dependent microbiome changes and dry eye severity in C57BL/6 male mice. Results Eight-week-old (8 W, n = 15), one-year-old (1Y, n = 10), and two-year-old (2Y, n = 8) C57BL/6 male mice were used. Dry eye severity was assessed by corneal staining scores and tear secretion. Bacterial genomic 16 s rRNA from feces was analyzed. Main outcomes were microbiome compositional differences among the groups and their correlation to dry eye severity. In aged mice (1Y and 2Y), corneal staining increased and tear secretion decreased with statistical significance. Gut microbiome α-diversity was not different among the groups. However, β-diversity was significantly different among the groups. In univariate analysis, phylum Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and genus Alistipes, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Paraprevotella, and Helicobacter were significantly related to dry eye severity. After adjustment of age, multivariate analysis revealed phylum Proteobacteria, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and genus Lactobacillus, Alistipes, Prevotella, Paraprevotella, and Helicobacter to be significantly associated with dry eye severity. Conclusions Our pilot study suggests that aging-dependent changes in microbiome composition are related to severity of dry eye signs in C57BL/6 male mice.

Assessment of patient burden from dry eye disease using a combination of five visual analogue scales and a radar graph: a pilot study of the PENTASCORE

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-317473
Author(s):  
Marc Labetoulle ◽  
Jérémie Benichou ◽  
Nabila M’nafek ◽  
Flavie Garnier ◽  
Ghislaine Rabut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Visual Analogue Scales ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Corneal Staining ◽  
Analogue Scales

Background/aimsDry eye disease (DED) questionnaires would ideally be easy and fast to answer and explore the main aspects of disease burden and satisfaction (efficacy and tolerability) with treatment. This pilot study evaluates the Pentascore questionnaire for routinely assessing DED.MethodsThe Pentascore combines five visual analogue scales (VAS) to assess the intensity and frequency of ocular pain/discomfort, the impact of DED on daily activities and visual tasks and the efficacy and tolerability of ongoing DED treatment(s). This retrospective study compared Pentascore to the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, fluorescein tear break-up-time, corneal staining and Schirmer I test.ResultsFor 161 DED patients, the algebraic mean (±SE) for the Pentascore was 52.6±1.8, the mean standardised area of the radar graph was 32.1±1.7 (out of 100) and the mean score for the OSDI was 52.6±1.8. Both questionnaires were highly statistically correlated (R=0.74 for both algebraic score and radar area, p<0.001), and each of five Pentascore VAS was significantly correlated with the OSDI (p<0.05). Corneal staining score (CSS) was correlated with two Pentascore VAS (impact of DED on daily activities and visual tasks), and there was a trend towards a correlation between CSS and the area of the radar graph (p=0.09).ConclusionsThis pilot study indicates that the Pentascore can rapidly and effectively assess the burden of DED and satisfaction with treatments. Compared with the algebraic mean, the estimation of the area of the radar graph likely improves the sensitivity for detecting differences/changes in symptoms and treatment follow-up.

scholarly journals Dry eye disease among Glaucoma patients on topical hypotensive medications, in a tertiary hospital, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miraf Sahlu ◽  
Abeba T. Giorgis
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Staining

Abstract Background Dry eye disease is a multifactorial disease; causing various ocular symptoms with potential damage to the ocular surface. Applying hypotensive eye drops are presumed to initiate or exacerbate existing dry eye disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of signs and symptoms and severity of dry eye disease among glaucoma patients on topical hypotensive medications and controls. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study, involving 320 glaucoma patients and controls. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) symptoms score and Schirmer, tear breakup time and corneal staining tests were used to assess dry eye disease. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24 software; p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Among the 160 study glaucoma patients, the mean duration of topical hypotensive medication use was 5.2 ± 5.21 years (range, 4 months - 32 years). Mild to severe level of OSDI score was found in 122 (76%) glaucoma patients and in 137 (86%) controls (p = 0.033). Mild to sever abnormal clinical tests in the glaucoma patients and control, respectively, were 106 (66%) vs 80 (50%) corneal staining (p = 0.045), 79 (49%) vs 72 (45%) TBUT (p = 0.021), and 91 (57%) vs 83 (52%) Schirmer test (p = 0.242). Test results at the level of sever: 2 (1%) vs 0 (0%) corneal staining, 50 (31%) vs 39 (24%) TBUT and 65 (41%) vs 60 (38%) Schirmer test in the glaucoma patents and controls, respectively. Corneal staining and TBUT had correlation with the number of drugs (p = 0.004 and 0.031, respectively), and more relationship of the two tests with total number of drops applied per day (p = 0.01 and p <  0.001, respectively). Patients on pilocarpine and timolol had more corneal staining and lower TBUT [(p = 0.011 and p <  0.001) and (p = 0.04 and 0.012), respectively]. Conclusions The study has identified glaucoma patients to be more affected by dry eye disease than non-glaucoma patients, and presence of significantly lower TBUT and higher corneal staining in the glaucoma patients on multidrops and multidose per day. We recommend consideration of evaluation and management of DED for glaucoma patients on multidrops and multidose hypotensive medications.

scholarly journals Metagenomic Analysis Reveals the Heterogeneity of Conjunctival Microbiota Dysbiosis in Dry Eye Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoxing Liang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Yanli Zou ◽  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Xiuli Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Α Diversity

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of the ocular surface. It is hypothesized that dysbiosis of the conjunctival microbiota contributes to the development of DED. However, species-level compositions of the conjunctival microbiota in DED and the potential dysbiosis involving microorganisms other than bacteria remain largely uncharacterized.Methods: We collected conjunctival impression samples from a cohort of 95 individuals, including 47 patients with DED and 48 healthy subjects. We examined the conjunctival microbiota of these samples using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and analyzed microbial dysbiosis in DED at the species level.Results: The conjunctival microbiota in DED exhibited a decreased α-diversity and an increased inter-individual variation. The α-diversity of female patients with DED was higher than that of male patients. Despite a decreased prevalence in DED, 23 microbial species were identified to show abnormally high abundance in DED samples positive for the species. Among these species, a fungal species Malassezia globosa was enriched female patients. In addition, distinct patterns of associations with disease status were observed for different species of the same genus. For DED subtypes, Staphylococcus aureus and S. capitis were associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), whereas S. hominis was enriched in patients solely with aqueous tear deficiency (ATD). The microbiota of patients with a mixed type of diagnosis was more similar to MGD patients than ATD patients.Conclusion: We demonstrated that the conjunctival microbiota dysbiosis in DED is characterized by significant heterogeneity. Microbial signatures may offer novel insights into the complicated etiology of DED and potentially promote the development of personalized treatment for DED in the future.

Emerging targets of inflammation and tear secretion in dry eye disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1427-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Markoulli ◽  
Alex Hui
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Tear Secretion

scholarly journals Randomized, Controlled, Double-Masked, Multicenter, Pilot Study Evaluating Safety and Efficacy of Intranasal Neurostimulation for Dry Eye Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey S. Cohn ◽  
Dean Corbett ◽  
Abi Tenen ◽  
Minas Coroneo ◽  
James McAlister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Omega-3 supplementation is neuroprotective to corneal nerves in dry eye disease: a pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly R. Chinnery ◽  
Cecilia Naranjo Golborne ◽  
Laura E. Downie
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Corneal Nerves

Comparative performance of lid wiper epitheliopathy and corneal staining in detecting dry eye disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T.M. Wang ◽  
Simon J. Dean ◽  
Ally L. Xue ◽  
Jennifer P. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Corneal Staining

scholarly journals A Questionnaire-Based Assessment of Functional Dry Eye Disease in Working-class Population in Shanghai, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nianhong Wang ◽  
Dan Chen ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Huan Weng ◽  
Huiying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Corneal Staining

Abstract Background To investigate the current status, morbidity, and risk factors of functional dry eye disease (DED) in Shanghai's working-class population. On this basis, exploring measures and methods to fundamentally cure and prevent functional DED. Methods A questionnaire form was used to record the data of the diagnosed functional DED working-class subjects in Shanghai, the results were recorded and analyzed. Additionally, the subjective symptoms of DED subjects and the respective clinical results were also recorded. The classification and corneal staining between subjects who wear contact lens or without were compared. The correlation of classification and corneal staining with their risk factors were also analyzed. Results The risk factors of functional DED showed much in common though their works have professional particularity. EDE accounts for a large proportion of DED (45.35%), many subjects coexist symptoms and signs of mixed DED (32.64%). The age of 21–40 is the peak year range (70.4%). Contact lens, visual terminals, air-conditioner, decoration, stay up later, sleep disorder, smoking were risk factors in most functional DED subjects. Notably, contact lens is a leading risk factor to cause functional DED and ocular surface complications (both were p < 0.01), while deep sleep seems to be a protective factor (p < 0.01%). Conclusion The incidence of functional DED in Shanghai is kept in a high level, most risk factors are closely related to daily work and life, while they are almost reversible. Exploring and eradicating these daily risk factors seems to be a more preferable way to fundamentally control and prevent functional DED.

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