scholarly journals Perceived acceptability and preferences for low-intensity early activity interventions of older hospitalized medical patients exposed to bed rest: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary T. Fox ◽  
Souraya Sidani ◽  
Dina Brooks ◽  
Hugh McCague
Keyword(s):  
Bed Rest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Early Activity

scholarly journals The Association between Type and Intensity of Sport and Tobacco or Nicotine Use—A Cross-Sectional Study among Young Swiss Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8299
Author(s):  
Marine Gossin ◽  
Gerhard Gmel ◽  
Joseph Studer ◽  
Mathieu Saubade ◽  
Carole Clair
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Lower Likelihood

The objective of this study was to assess the association between tobacco/nicotine use and type and intensity of sport. Data were drawn from the second follow-up of the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors. Young Swiss men completed a questionnaire about tobacco/nicotine use (cigarette, vaping, snus, snuff), type and intensity of sport and other demographic and medical variables. Among the 5414 included participants (mean age 25.5), 3434 (63.4%) reported regularly practicing a sport. They had a lower rate of cigarette smoking (32.3%) compared with participants not practicing a sport (44.6%) but a higher rate of snus use (15.0% vs. 10.0%). In adjusted models, individual-sport participants were less likely to use snus and snuff (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.51–0.77 and OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.61–0.88), compared with team-sport participants. The association was inversed for vaping users (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.03–2.30). Furthermore, participants who practiced high-intensity sports had a lower likelihood to smoke cigarettes (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.52–0.78) compared with low-intensity sports. Our findings suggest that type and intensity of sport are associated with tobacco/nicotine use. Youth who practice an individual sport are less likely to use snus or snuff and more likely to vape compared with a team sport. This could help better target smoking prevention in young people

scholarly journals Use of complementary and alternative therapies for the treatment of dysmenorrhea among undergraduate pharmacy students in Malaysia: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Abubakar ◽  
Amni Izzati Zulkarnain ◽  
Fatihah Samri ◽  
Sabrina Ros Hisham ◽  
Anis Alias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Therapies

Abstract Background Dysmenorrhea is a common problem that affects female students’ quality of life and academic activities. Complementary and alternative therapies (CATs) are used for the treatment of dysmenorrhea. This study investigated the practices and perceptions of female undergraduate students with dysmenorrhea towards CATs. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate pharmacy students in a public university in Malaysia using a validated and pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. The study was conducted in November and December 2019. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results Of the 318 female undergraduate students invited, 219 completed the questionnaire (response rate: 68.9%) with 52% aged between 21 and 23 years. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 72.1%, and the prevalence of ever-use and current use of CATs was 70.3 and 54.4%, respectively. Bed rest (71.5%), hot compress/heating pad (47.5%) and massage (43.0%) were the most common CATs used by the respondents. The most common reasons for using CAT were to reduce the need for analgesics (61.4%), efficacy (37.3%) and recommendation by others (32.9%). About 23 and 9% of the respondents believed that CATs were equally “effective” and “more effective” than analgesics, respectively. Reducing the need for analgesics (AOR: 4.066, 95% CI: 2.136–7.739) and those who agreed that CATs are effective (AOR: 2.701, 95% CI: 1.337–5.457) were independently associated with the current use CATs for the treatment of menstrual pain. Conclusion The prevalence of ever-use and current use of CATs is high among female undergraduate pharmacy students. Bed rest and heat applications are the most common CATs used. Reducing the need for analgesics and efficacy are the factors associated with the current use of CATs. Students should be educated about the safe and effective use of CATs to reduce adverse effects and improve their quality of life.

scholarly journals Typhlitis Associated With Natural Trichuris sp. Infection in Cats

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-271
Author(s):  
Judit M. Wulcan ◽  
Jennifer K. Ketzis ◽  
Michelle M. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Worm Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Intestinal Lesions ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

Trichuris spp. infections can cause typhlitis or typhlocolitis in many species, but there are no published studies about its pathology in cats. Trichuris sp. infection in cats appears to be rare in most parts of the world but is frequent in some tropical and subtropical regions. The purpose of this study was to describe intestinal lesions associated with natural Trichuris sp. infections in cats of St. Kitts, West Indies. Comprehensive autopsies, histopathological assessment of small and large intestine, and total worm counts were performed in a cross-sectional study of 30 consecutive feline mortalities. Trichuris were found in 17 of 30 (57%; 95% confidence interval, 39%–74%) of the study cats with a median worm count of 11 (range, 1–170), indicating most cats had a low-intensity infection. Trichuris infection was associated with typhlitis but not consistency of feces or body condition score. In most cats examined, the typhlitis was categorized as mild (10/15, 67%) and, less frequently, moderate (2/15, 13%) or marked (3/15, 20%). The inflammatory infiltrate varied from predominantly eosinophilic (5/15, 33%) to neutrophilic (4/15, 27%), a mixture of eosinophilic and neutrophilic (2/15, 13%), a mixture of neutrophilic and lymphoplasmacytic (1/15, 7%), or a mixture of eosinophilic, neutrophilic, and lymphoplasmacytic (3/15, 20%). In some cats, surface erosions and catarrhal exudate were adjacent to adult worms. These findings are similar to those reported with low-intensity Trichuris infections in other species.

scholarly journals Use of graded responsibility and common entrustment considerations among United States emergency medicine residency programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Jason Lai ◽  
Benjamin Holden Schnapp ◽  
David Simon Tillman ◽  
Mary Westergaard ◽  
Jamie Hess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Question Survey

Purpose: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires all residency programs to provide increasing autonomy as residents progress through training, known as graded responsibility. However, there is little guidance on how to implement graded responsibility in practice and a paucity of literature on how it is currently implemented in emergency medicine (EM). We sought to determine how EM residency programs apply graded responsibility across a variety of activities and to identify which considerations are important in affording additional responsibilities to trainees.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of EM residency programs using a 23-question survey that was distributed by email to 162 ACGME-accredited EM program directors. Seven different domains of practice were queried.Results: We received 91 responses (56.2% response rate) to the survey. Among all domains of practice except for managing critically ill medical patients, the use of graded responsibility exceeded 50% of surveyed programs. When graded responsibility was applied, post-graduate year (PGY) level was ranked an “extremely important” or “very important” consideration between 80.9% and 100.0% of the time.Conclusion: The majority of EM residency programs are implementing graded responsibility within most domains of practice. When decisions are made surrounding graded responsibility, programs still rely heavily on the time-based model of PGY level to determine advancement.

scholarly journals Anxiety and the associated factors among admitted surgical and medical patients, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Tesfaw ◽  
Merga Siyoum ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew ◽  
Woredaw Minichil
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract BackgroundAnxiety is a common comorbid mental health problem with different medical illnesses and it can complicate major medical health problems. Despite its impact of physical functioning, quality of life, drug adherence, use of health service resources, good health behaviors, and increasing suicidal tendencies and mortality, it is neither diagnosed nor treated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the prevalence of anxiety and its determinants among admitted patients for the contribution of attempting optimal care for of these patients.MethodAn institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult surgical and medical inpatients from May 13 to June 12, 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit a total of 590 participants. Hospital Anxiety Scale (HAS) was used to measure anxiety symptoms. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with anxiety symptoms. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to assess the strength of the association, and variables with p-value of < 0.05 was declared as statistically significant.ResultThe mean age of the participants was 39.71 ± 14.94 (SD), ranging from 18 to 66 years. About half (51%) of the respondents were male, the overall prevalence of anxiety was 62.7% with 95% CI (58.6, 66.9). In the multivariate analysis; female sex (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.80), being single (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.33, 3.01), previous history of admission (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.57) and multiple medical diagnosis (AOR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.47) were factors significantly associated with anxiety symptoms.ConclusionIn this study, the prevalence of anxiety among medical and surgical inpatients was found to be high. Therefore, it is better to screen any risks of anxiety, and psychological assessment tests are better to be integrated into routine hospital inpatient care to prevent anxiety.

No rest for the weary: a cross-sectional study comparing patients’ sleep in the emergency department to those on the ward

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Richard Prendiville ◽  
Etimbuk Umana ◽  
Gloria Avalos ◽  
Brian McNicholl
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Triage Category ◽  
The University

BackgroundBoarding in emergency departments (EDs) is a persistent problem worldwide. We hypothesised that patients sleeping while being boarded in EDs have worse self-rated sleep than those admitted from EDs who sleep on the ward.MethodsProspective cross-sectional study conducted at the University College Hospital, Galway between October and November 2016. Self-rated sleep in patients boarded in EDs from 23:00 to 07:00 was compared with those admitted to the ward before 23:00. Patients rated their sleep using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Patients were excluded if they had cognitive impairment, were unable or incapacitated or had evidence of alcohol or drug use in the previous 24 hours. Continuous data are shown as medians (IQRs 25th–75th percentiles). Linear regression models of log-transformed outcome variables were performed.ResultsNinety-three patients were included and 22 were excluded. Patients who boarded in the ED were significantly more likely to be medical patients (78% vs 21%, p<0.001), to be older (median age (IQR)=60 (39-71) vs 47 (32-68), p=0.04) and have more urgent presentations (74% vs 48% presenting as Manchester triage category 1 or 2, p=0.01) than patients who sleep on a ward. Patients who slept on the ward had significantly better sleep scores (mean log-transformed sleep scores (SD)=2.92 (1.05) vs 3.72 (0.66), p<0.001)). Those sleeping in the ED reported greater noisiness than those sleeping on the ward (mean log-transformed noisiness scores (SD)=3.18 (1.10) vs 4.15 (0.57), p<0.001). These significant differences in sleep scores and noisiness ratings persisted after adjustment for age, triage category and admitting service.ConclusionWe found those who sleep boarded in EDs have worse self-rated sleep than those who sleep on the ward.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document