scholarly journals An investigation and analysis of the activities of daily living of older adults living at home in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Xu ◽  
Lina Yang ◽  
Xiaohui Miao ◽  
Xiuying Hu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ◽  
Adl Performance ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background To investigate the current situation regarding the activities of daily living (ADL) of older adults living at home in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China and to analyze the associated factors of ADL performance so that we can provide references for the implementation of pension policies and long-term care insurance of older adults living at home. Methods We surveyed a total of 1040 older adults who live at home and receive home-based care in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region by a face-to-face evaluation. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors associated with ADL performance. Results In the study, 82.79% of the older adults living at home can live independently. A total of 11.92% of the older adults have mild dysfunction, 4.33% have moderate dysfunction, and 0.96% have severe dysfunction. Multiple logistic analyses indicated that older adults with very difficult economic conditions (OR 3.212; 95% CI(1.209–8.534)) and without a spouse (OR 1.616; 95% CI(1.098–2.377)) were significantly associated with ADL limitations. In addition, the risks of ADL limitations in older adults aged 60–69 years and 70–79 years were 0.187 and 0.4307 times, respectively, that of older adults over 80 years old. The risk of ADL limitations in older adults of the Han nationality was 0.605 times that of the minority population. More highly educated and older adults without diseases have a lower risk of ADL limitations. Conclusions Compared with the national average in China, the number of ADL limitations of older adults in Ningxia is greater and is associated with advanced age, ethnic minority status, low education level, low income, lacking a spouse and having diseases. As the number of older adults increases, maintaining and improving their ability to perform ADL and providing comfortable pension services and health services urgently need to be solved.

scholarly journals Examining Consequences Related to Unmet Care Needs Across the Long-Term Care Continuum

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 90-90
Author(s):  
Meghan Jenkins Morales ◽  
Stephanie Robert
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Arrangement

Abstract At some point in our lives, approximately 70% of us will need support to help with daily care. Without adequate assistance we may experience unmet care need consequences (UCNC) – such as skipping meals, going without clean clothes, or taking the wrong medication. This study examines the likelihood of experiencing UCNC related to gaps in assistance with activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) across long-term care arrangements: informal community care, paid community care, residential care, and nursing homes. We examine a sample of older adults receiving assistance in a care arrangement (N=2,499) from the nationally representative 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study. Cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models, adjusting for differences in demographic and health/functioning characteristics, examine if type of care arrangement in 2015 is associated with UCNC in 2015 and change in UCNC by 2017. Holding all else constant, there were no significant differences in UCNC related to ADLs in 2015 across care arrangements. However, those receiving paid community care were more likely to experience UCNC related to IADLs (going without clean clothes, groceries, or a hot meal and making medication errors) compared to those receiving only informal care (OR=1.64, p<.05) or residential care (OR=2.19, p<.01). By 2017, paid care was also significantly associated with continued UCNC, but older adults in informal care arrangements were most likely to experience a new UCNC. Results suggest improving/expanding assistance with IADLs among community-dwelling older adults, and promoting equitable access to residential care, to reduce UCNC.

scholarly journals Dependency in Activities of Daily Living Is Associated with Household Food Insecurity Among Mexican Older Adults (P04-070-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Mundo Rosas ◽  
Ignacio Méndez Gómez-Humarán ◽  
María Concepción Medina Zacarías
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Pension Plan ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Retirement Pension ◽  
Household Food

Abstract Objectives To analyze the association between dependency in activities of daily living (DADL) among Mexican older adults and the presence of household food insecurity. Methods Data on 6674 Mexican adults aged ≥60 years and their households were drawn from the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT). DADL dependency, measured under the Katz Index (1983), was determined when respondents indicated needing assistance from another person in order to perform at least one DADL. Food insecurity (FI) was measured according to the Latinoamerican and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). We used Path Analysis to examine the structure of the association of FI with DADL and other socio-demographic variables. Results 22.6% of older adults analyzed were ADL-dependent, and 72.9% lived in households marked by a FI category. We found that DADL (P = 0.001) exerted a significant impact on moderate and severe FI in households not benefiting from a food aid program (P = 0.000) or retirement pension plan (P = 0.000). Conclusions Few studies have explored this issue. DADL are intimately linked to household FI in that they affect the productivity of working adults and their caregivers. The findings from this study support the creation of nutritional policies and programs which address the unique needs of low income elderly people who have functional limitations. Funding Sources N/A.

Activities of Daily Living after Hip Fracture: Pre- and Post Discharge

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 342-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Egan ◽  
S.A. Warren ◽  
Patrick A. Hessel ◽  
Gail Gilewich
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Adl Performance ◽  
At Home

Sixty-one individuals hospitalized for hip fractures received activities of daily living (ADL) assessments during the 3 days prior to discharge. Information was also collected regarding anticipated role loss, depression, mental status, health status, and social support. Independence in ADL at home was measured 3 weeks following discharge by telephone interviews. The concordance between predischarge and post discharge ADL scores was low but statistically significant (Kw = .223; p < .05). Approximately 50.8% of the subjects demonstrated greater dependence post discharge. More dependent ADL performance at home was not related to role loss, depression, mental status, health status, or social support. Predischarge ADL assessments are often taken into consideration when formulating discharge plans. However, these evaluations do not always accurately predict post discharge ADL independence. It is recommended, therefore, that community follow-up be carried out with patients who have fractured hips.

scholarly journals IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAIN AND FEAR OF FALLING IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S718-S719
Author(s):  
Edgar R Vieira ◽  
Diego Tavares ◽  
Particia Nobrega ◽  
Alvaro Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Assessment Scores ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Geriatric Pain

Abstract Fear of falling is common in older adults and it is associated with multiple factors such as gait and balance issues, difficulties in activities of daily living, visual impairment, and frailty. Unfortunately, fear of falls increases the risk of falls as opposed to protect from falls. Pain can impair mobility, affects activities of daily living, and may also be associated with fear of falling but no studies have evaluated this potential association. The objectives of this study were to evaluate if there was an association between pain and fear of falling in older adults living in long-term care facilities. One hundred and eight older adults living in long-term care facilities participated in the study. The mean age was 79±7 years, and 65% of the participants were women. The participants completed the Geriatric Pain Measure (GPM) questionnaire for multidimensional pain assessment (scores range from 0 to 42), and the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) for fear of falling assessment (scores range from 16 to 64). The data was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Forty-five percent of the participants had chronic pain (≥3 months) and 18% had acute pain (&lt;3 months). Pain scores were 29±31. Pain was associated with an increase of 3 to 7 points (out of 64 max) in the FES-I. The prevalence of pain in long-term care residents was high, and pain was associated with increased fear of falling.

scholarly journals Caregiving, Recovery, and Death After Incident ADL/IADL Disability Among Older Adults in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire K. Ankuda ◽  
Deborah A. Levine ◽  
Kenneth M. Langa ◽  
Katherine A. Ornstein ◽  
Amy S. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
The United States ◽  
Levels Of Care ◽  
Iadl Disability ◽  
And Function ◽  
At Home

This study assesses patterns of caregiving, death, and recovery after incident disability in older adults. We used the Health and Retirement Study to follow of a cohort of adults age ≥65 years in the United States with incident disability in activities of daily living (ADLs) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs; n = 8,713). Rates of care and function state were assessed biennially: deceased, nursing home dwelling, at home with paid help, at home with both paid and unpaid help, at home with unpaid help, at home with no assistance and recovered. In the 2 years after incident disability, 22.1% recovered and 46.8% died. Transitions between care and function states occurred frequently, with more than 20% of the cohort living at home with no assistance despite disability at least once. This study demonstrates the high levels of care and function state fluctuation and unmet needs after functional disability.

scholarly journals Population with Long-Term Care Needs in Six Latin American Countries: Estimation of Older Adults Who Need Help Performing ADLs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7935
Author(s):  
Mauricio Matus-Lopez ◽  
Alexander Chaverri-Carvajal
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Latin American Countries

The population in Latin America is ageing, and there is an inevitable demand for long-term care services. However, there are no comparative analyses between Latin American countries of the dependency situation of older adults. This study aims to calculate and compare percentages of older adults who need help performing the activities of daily living in six Latin American nations. The study is observational, transversal, and cross-national and uses microdata drawn from national surveys conducted in Argentina (n = 3291), Brazil (n = 3903), Chile (n = 31,667), Colombia (n = 17,134), Mexico (n = 7909), and Uruguay (n = 4042). Comparable indicators of the need for help in performing the basic and instrumental activities of daily living were calculated. The percentages of older adults in need of help for basic activities of daily living ranged from 5.8% in Argentina to 11% in Brazil; for instrumental activities of daily living, from 13.8% in Mexico to 35.7% in Brazil; and combined, from 18.1% in Argentina to 37.1% in Brazil. Brazil thus has the highest indicators, followed by Colombia. The results warn of the frail physical condition of older people and the high potential demand for long-term care services. The information provided could be useful for further research on and planning for long-term care needs in Latin American and middle-income countries.

scholarly journals Complexity of care of hospitalized older adults and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics and functional independence

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Aparecida Ozello Gutierrez ◽  
Henrique Salmazo da Silva ◽  
Rosa Yuka Sato Chubaci ◽  
Caroline Ribeiro Borja-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hospitalized Older Adults

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the complexity of care of hospitalized older adults and sociodemographic and functional independence characteristics. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in the medical and surgical clinics of the University Hospital of the Universidade de São Paulo, in the state of São Paulo SP, Brazil. A total of 382 older adults were assessed through a socio-demographic inventory, the Mini Mental State Exam, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living and the Interdisciplinary Medicine Instrument Method. Results: The complexity of care of participants was associated with the female sex (p=0.003), not having a partner (p=0.003), having a lower income (p=0.022), cognitive decline (p<0.001) and dependence in basic activities of daily living (BADL) (p<0.001). In the multiple logistic regression model, variables such as the female sex (OR=1.76; p=0.018), dependence in one or more activities of daily living (OR=1.26; p<0.001) and cognitive decline (OR=3.31; p<0.001) remained associated with complexity of care. Conclusion: The complexity of care of hospitalized older adults, as it is associated with limitations in BADL and cognitive decline, requires actions by the interprofessional team to ensure the rehabilitation, integration of long-term care and planning of care resources for older patients. Thus, it is necessary to adopt integrated services that include home care and care networks for the elderly, in order to provide qualified post-hospital discharge care and promote the health of the hospitalized older population.

scholarly journals Independence and Caregiver Preferences Among Community-Dwelling Older People in Slovenia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 004695801986915
Author(s):  
Katarina Galof ◽  
Anja Žnidaršič ◽  
Zvone Balantič
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
At Home

Although Slovenia is becoming an aging society, very little is known about the abilities and needs of home-dwelling older people or their preferences regarding assistance. The aim of the study was to explore the need for assistance in daily activities among older Slovenian people living at home. Older adults aged between 65 and 97 years (N = 358) participated in the cross-sectional survey study. A questionnaire that assessed independence in daily activities and assistance in the home environment was developed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a nonparametric test (Wilcoxon signed rank test), and the chi-square test. The results showed that older Slovenians were more independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) than instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Independence was the highest for using the toilet, feeding, and mobility transfers, and the lowest for bathing. With IADLs, assistance was most often required with shopping and housework; this assistance was usually provided by family members. The provider of assistance was generally compatible with older people’s preferences concerning assistance at home. We found no differences in care preferences between urban and rural settings. Assistance in the home environment was predominantly provided by unpaid helpers, which reflects recent developments in health and social services that put an emphasis on a person’s social network. Due to demographic changes and the decrease in the number of adult children, reliance on close relatives might soon become a challenge. These findings can help policy makers understand older people’s choices and preferences better when planning long-term care.

scholarly journals The Burden and Benefits of Caregiving: A Latent Class Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teja Pristavec
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
National Study ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background and Objectives Informal caregiving to older adults is a key part of the U.S. long-term care system. Caregivers’ experiences consist of burden and benefits, but traditional analytic approaches typically consider dimensions independently, or cannot account for burden and benefit levels and combinations that co-occur. This study explores how benefits and burden simultaneously shape experiences of caregiving to older adults, and factors associated with experience types. Research Design and Methods 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and National Study of Caregiving (NSOC) data were linked to obtain reports from caregivers and recipients. Latent class and regression analysis were conducted on a nationally representative sample of U.S. informal caregivers to older persons. Results Five distinguishable caregiving experiences types and their population prevalence were identified. Subjective burden and benefits level and combination uniquely characterize each group. Primary stressors (recipient depression, medical diagnoses), primary appraisal (activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, medical task assistance, hours caregiving), and background/contextual factors (caregiver age, race, relationship to recipient, mental health, coresidence, long-term caregiving) are associated with experience types. Discussion and Implications Findings highlight caregivers’ experience multiplicity and ambivalence, and identify groups that may benefit most from support services. In cases where it is not possible to reduce burden, assistance programs may focus on increasing the benefits perceptions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document