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2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sartika Sartika ◽  
Tamrin Tamrin ◽  
Sri Rejeki

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine the effect of breadfruit flour and green seaweed flour formulation on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of wet noodles. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) using the formulations of wheat flour, breadfruit flour and green seaweed flour M1 (70:28:2), M2 (70:26:4), M3 (70:24:6), and M4 (70:22:8). The results show that the formulation of breadfruit flour and green seaweed flour had a very significant effect on improving the organoleptic characteristics of color, aroma, taste, and texture of wet noodles. The best product based on the organoleptic assessment was found in the M4 formulation (70% wheat flour formulation, 22% breadfruit flour, and 8% green seaweed flour) with assessment scores of color, aroma, taste, and texture, reached 3.81 (like), 2.98 (slightly like), 2.92 (slightly like) and 3.84 (like), respectively. The chemical analysis shows that the best wet noodle product contaiend 57.68% water, 1.23% ash, and 0.09% crude fiber. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained in the M4 treatment, which reached 62.50%. Based on the results of the study, the wet noodle product with the formulation of breadfruit flour and green seaweed flour was preferred by the panelists and met the national standards for ash and water contents.Keywords: wet noodle, fermented cassava flour, breadfruit flourABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh formulasi tepung sukun dan tepung rumput laut hijau terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia dan organoleptik mie basah. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan menggunakan formulasi tepung terigu, tepung sukun dan tepung rumput laut hijau M1 (70:28:2), M2 (70:26:4), M3 (70:24:6), M4 (70:22:8). Hasil penilaian menunjukan bahwa formulasi tepung sukun dan tepung rumput laut hijau berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap peningkatan uji organoleptik warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur mie basah. Berdasarkan penilaian organoleptik terdapat pada formulasi M4 (formulasi tepung terigu 70%, tepung ubi sukun 22%, dan tepung rumput laut hijau 8%) dengan skor penilaian terhadap karakteristik organoleptik warna 3,81 ( suka), aroma 2,98 (agak suka), rasa 2,92 (agak suka) dan tekstur 3,84 (suka). Nilai analisis kimia dari produk mie basah terbaik meliputi : kadar air 57,68%, kadar abu 1,23%, kadar serat kasar 0,09%. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi pada perlakuan M4 (terigu 70%: tepung sukun 22% : dan tepung rumput laut 8%) sebesar 62,50%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, produk Mie basah formulasi tepung sukun dan tepung rumput laut hijau dapat diterima (disukai) oleh panelis dan memiliki kadar abu dan kadar air yang telah memenuhi standar SNI.Kata kunci: mie basah, tepung sukun, tepung rumput laut hijau.


2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Jin Lim ◽  
Chang-Gue Son

Abstract Background Because of the absence of biological parameters for fatigue, appropriate instruments for assessing the degree of fatigue are important in the diagnosis and management of people complaining of fatigue-like symptoms. This study statistically analyzed the fatigue scores from two typical questionnaire-based instruments: the Korean version of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-K) and the modified Chalder Fatigue Scale (mKCFQ). Methods Seventy participants (males n  = 40, females n  = 30, median age 48 years old, range of 25–67) were grouped into three groups (‘mild’  = 20, ‘moderate’  = 42, and ‘severe’  = 8) according to self-reported fatigue levels using a 7-point Likert scale. The similarities and differences between two instrument-derived scores were analyzed using correlations (r) and multidimensional scaling (MDS). Results The total scores of the two assessments were significantly correlated (r  = 75%, p  < 0.001), as were the subscores (‘Total Physical fatigue’: r  = 76%, p  < 0.001, ‘Total Mental fatigue’: r  = 56%, p  < 0.001). Relative overestimation of the MFI-K (45.8 ± 11.3) compared to the mKCFQ (36.1 ± 16.2) was observed, which was especially prominent in the ‘mild’ group. The scores of the three groups were more easily distinguished by the mKCFQ than by the MFI-K. In terms of the five dimension scores, we found a higher correlation of the two assessments for ‘general fatigue’ (r  = 79%, p  < 0.001) and ‘physical fatigue’ (r  = 66%, p  < 0.001) than for the reductions in ‘motivation’ (r  = 41%, p  < 0.01) and ‘activity’ (r  = 26%, p  > 0.05). Conclusions Our results may indicate the usefulness of the two instruments, especially for the physical symptoms of fatigue (‘general’ and ‘physical’ fatigue). Furthermore, the MFI-K may be useful for conditions of moderate-to-severe fatigue, such as chronic fatigue syndrome, but the mKCFQ may be useful for all spectra of fatigue, including in subhealthy people.


2022 ◽  
pp. 434-457
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hughes Karnes ◽  
Holly Hansen-Thomas

This chapter explores rural teacher attitudes towards emergent bilinguals at the secondary level before, during, and after translanguaging professional development. Within the current political climate, accountability measures and assessment training affect teacher perceptions of second language acquisition and add to the deficit perspective. Juxtaposed with the accountability climate are the benefits of rurality and teachers who value the funds of knowledge these linguistically and culturally diverse students possess. Through a mixed methods study using qualitative and quantitative survey data, the authors examined the effects of translanguaging pedagogy on an English-only school district. The translanguaging strategies used in English language arts and reading classrooms showed potential to improve standardized English assessment scores by shifting the monolingual ideology of the teacher participants to a multilingual stance. The results of this study could revise current perceptions and pedagogy for emergent bilinguals.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Behshid Farahmand ◽  
◽  
Maryam Mohammadi ◽  
Babak Hassanbeygi ◽  
Morteza Mohammadi ◽  
...  

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders and evaluate the body position in routine tasks among orthotists and prosthetists. Methods: Forty orthotists and prosthetists were included. The scores of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment were used to determine the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders and analyze the work position of orthotists and prosthetists, respectively. An examiner evaluated 10 working postures that were dominantly used every day, in each orthotist and prosthetist. Results: Among the orthotists, 55.6% of men and 47% of women suffered from pain in the trunk, neck, and lower limbs. Nearly similar results were seen in the upper limbs (74.1% men and 45.5% women). Such high prevalence rates were not seen in prosthetists. The analysis of the Rapid Entire Body Assessment scores based on the working task and gender of the orthotist and prosthetist showed that more than 60% of the workers achieved a score of 4 to 7 approximately in half of the tasks. It shows the medium risk of musculoskeletal disorders, thus, corrective action is necessary. Conclusion: Based on the findings, musculoskeletal disorders are highly prevalent among orthotists and prosthetists, especially in the orthotist workers. To reduce these disorders, it is recommended to add ergonomic topics and training courses for working with devices to increase the knowledge of specialists and apply and select practical tools based on the principles of ergonomics.


2021 ◽  
pp. 000283122110668
Author(s):  
Carrie E. Markovitz ◽  
Marc W. Hernandez ◽  
E. C. Hedberg ◽  
Heidi W. Whitmore

This study examines the impacts of two AmeriCorps programs, Minnesota Reading Corps and Wisconsin Reading Corps, where AmeriCorps volunteers provide literacy tutoring to at-risk kindergarten through third-grade (K–3) students utilizing a response-to-intervention framework. This evaluation replicates a prior randomized controlled trial evaluation of the program 4 years later and for the first time evaluates the program model replicated in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The results of the two evaluations showed that kindergarten and first-grade students who received a single semester of Reading Corps tutoring achieved significantly higher literacy assessment scores, and demonstrated meaningful and significant effects after a full-school year of the intervention for second- and third-grade students.


2021 ◽  
pp. 154596832110628
Author(s):  
Ippei Nojima ◽  
Hisato Sugata ◽  
Hiroki Takeuchi ◽  
Tatsuya Mima

Background Brain–computer interface (BCI) is a procedure involving brain activity in which neural status is provided to the participants for self-regulation. The current review aims to evaluate the effect sizes of clinical studies investigating the use of BCI-based rehabilitation interventions in restoring upper extremity function and effective methods to detect brain activity for motor recovery. Methods A computerized search of MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and PEDro was performed to identify relevant articles. We selected clinical trials that used BCI-based training for post-stroke patients and provided motor assessment scores before and after the intervention. The pooled standardized mean differences of BCI-based training were calculated using the random-effects model. Results We initially identified 655 potentially relevant articles; finally, 16 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria, involving 382 participants. A significant effect of neurofeedback intervention for the paretic upper limb was observed (standardized mean difference = .48, [.16-.80], P = .006). However, the effect estimates were moderately heterogeneous among the studies ( I2 = 45%, P = .03). Subgroup analysis of the method of measurement of brain activity indicated the effectiveness of the algorithm focusing on sensorimotor rhythm. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggested that BCI-based training was superior to conventional interventions for motor recovery of the upper limbs in patients with stroke. However, the results are not conclusive because of a high risk of bias and a large degree of heterogeneity due to the differences in the BCI interventions and the participants; therefore, further studies involving larger cohorts are required to confirm these results.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-218
Author(s):  
Doni Oktaviana ◽  
Mustofa Abi Hamid

Research by developing an information system is a research that aims to produce and develop an information service system design in the form of website-based rooms lending using PHP as a programming language and MySQL as a database that will be used at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University in-room management as room loan, room loan schedule, room loan data, and room information. This study uses the waterfall development model, with 5 (five) stages of development including the stages of communication, planning, modelling, construction and deployment. This research used Alpha and Beta testing to 3 (three) media experts and 31 (thirty-one) users including 1 (one) admin and 30 (thirty) students. Data collection techniques using interview techniques, observation and dissemination of research instruments. With data analysis in the form of a feasibility test using a Likert scale instrument of 4 (four) assessment scores to media experts and respondents. The final product produced is a website for rooms loaning information system, by average score by media experts (Alpha Testing) of 71.6 with the "very feasible" category. The results of the feasibility test by users (Beta Testing) were 34.32 with the "very feasible" category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the website-based room loan information system is very feasible to use.


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-250
Author(s):  
Steven Shein ◽  
Alena Sorensen ◽  
Meredith Fischer ◽  
Stephen Steh ◽  
Francisca Richter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bann ◽  
Liam Wright ◽  
Vanessa Moulton ◽  
Neil M Davies

Background: On average taller individuals have been repeatedly found to have higher scores on cognitive assessments, yet it is unclear whether the magnitude of this association has systematically changed across time. Recent studies have found that this association can be explained by genetic factors, yet this does not preclude the influence of environmental or social factors that affect the genome. We tested whether the association between cognition and height has weakened across time. Methods: We used four British birth cohorts (born 1946c, 1958c, 1970c, and 2001) with comparable data available at 10/11 and 14/17 years (N = 41,418). Height was measured at each age, and cognition via verbal reasoning (10/11 years) and vocabulary/comprehension scales (14/16 years) and via mathematical tests at both ages. We constructed age-adjusted height and cognition measures and converted cognition measures to ridit scores to aid interpretation. We then used linear and quantile regression to investigate whether cross-sectional associations between cognition and height differed in each cohort, sequentially adjusting for sex, childhood socioeconomic position, and maternal and paternal height. Results: Taller participants had higher mean cognitive assessment scores in childhood and adolescence, yet the associations were weaker in later (1970c and 2001c) cohorts. After adjustment for sex the mean difference in height comparing the highest with lowest verbal cognition scores at 10/11 years was 0.57 SD (95% CI = 0.44, 0.7) in the 1946c, 0.59 SD (0.52, 0.65) in the 1958c, 0.47 SD (0.41, 0.53) in the 1970c, 0.30 SD (0.23, 0.37) in the 2001c. This pattern of change in association was observed across all specifications (ages 10/11 and 14/16 years, and for each cognition measure used), and was robust to adjustment for social class and parental height, and modelling of plausible missing-not-at-random scenarios. Quantile regression suggested that these average differences were driven by differences in the lower centiles of height. This pattern was most evident in older cohorts. For example, in 1958c, the difference in height was 0.73 SD (0.64, 0.82) at the 10th centile, yet 0.46 SD (0.34, 0.57) at the 90th centile. Conclusion: Associations between height and cognitive assessment scores in childhood-adolescence weakened by at least half from 1957 to 2018. These results support the notion that environmental and social change can markedly weaken associations between cognition and other traits.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meisam Akhlaghdoust ◽  
Davoud Pirani ◽  
Mohamad Nasiri ◽  
Sahar Lashkari Ahangarani ◽  
Nazgol Haghsetan ◽  
...  

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of death and morbidity around the world. Risk score assessment can assist in anticipating a person's CVD risk over the next five years. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the risk of CVDs in the general Iranian population. Methods: This study was conducted in September 2020, and 5324 participants aged 35 to 74 years were registered from 95 metro stations throughout Tehran. Participants' demographics (ie, age, gender, current smoking and exercise habits, and family history of hypertension, CVDs, and diabetes) were collected by in-person interviews, and their body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured. The five-year risk of CVDs was estimated and categorized into low (< 10%), some risk (10 - 20%), moderate (21 - 30%), increased (31 - 40%), and high (> 40%) groups, and its association with the participants’ demographics was evaluated by SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of 5324 participants was 45.3 ± 14.8 years, and 64% were male. The frequency of CVD risk scores was as follows: low (54%), some risk (17.5%), moderate (15.4%), increased (5.7%), and high (3.5%), which were significantly associated with gender (P < 0.001), smoking status (P = 0.048), exercise (P = 0.014), and family history of diseases (all P < 0.001). Age (β = 0.774, P < 0.001) increased the odds of CVD, while other variables had small or no effects on CVD. Conclusions: This study found a high prevalence of high-risk CVD in the Iranian population, emphasizing the importance of risk score assessment, which should include not only basic non-laboratory risk assessment scores, but also exercise and a positive family history of associated diseases.


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