scholarly journals Factors influencing the uptake of voluntary HIV counseling and testing in rural Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailay D. Teklehaimanot ◽  
Awash Teklehaimanot ◽  
Mekonnen Yohannes ◽  
Dawit Biratu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Counseling And Testing ◽  
Hiv Counseling ◽  
Rural Ethiopia ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Counseling And Testing

Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing (VCT): Knowledge, attitudes, hinderances, and practices of adults seeking treatment at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital on the spread of HIV in Northern Uganda. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Assumpta Aduk ◽  
Isaac Malon Atama ◽  
Leonard Dayo ◽  
Cissy Namujuzi Kizza ◽  
Brian Musinguzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regional Referral Hospital ◽  
Hiv Counseling And Testing ◽  
Hiv Counseling ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Gulu District ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background: In 2011, Uganda had a national HIV prevalence of 6.7%. Between 2008 and 2009, there was an upsurge in HIV in Gulu District from 9.4% to 16.0% with Gulu Municipality at 22.1%. Similarly, in 2020, the prevalence of HIV in Gulu District persistently remained high at 14.0%, much higher than the national average at 6.0%.The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, hindrances, and practices on voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) and determine factors associated with VCT practices among adults seeking treatment at the outpatient department of Gulu Regional Referral Hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 384 participants. Simple random sampling was used to recruit participants. Knowledge and practices on VCT were determined using knowledge ratings and attitudes using a modified Likert scale. A questionnaire with an internal validity of Cronbach’s α=0.71 was used. Ethical approval was obtained, and SPSS was used for data analysis at univariate, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: The most significant findings were that knowledge and attitude significantly affect VCT practices among adults in Gulu Hospital. Most participants had adequate knowledge (297/379, 78.4%), the most common source of VCT information was radio (236/372, 63.4%) and few from parents (30/372, 8.1%). 158/380(41.6%) had strongly positive attitudes however, 4/10(40.0%) believed knowing HIV status was not beneficial because of fear of stigma, 299/380(78.7%) had good practices,13/45(28.9%) did not undertake VCT due to ignorant on the importance, 9/45(20.0%) feared positive results, and 5/45(11.0%) for far-off service centers. Among those who discouraged others, 15/45 (83.0%) did it for no reason, while 2/45 (11.0%) believed it was a risky and painful process.Knowledge and attitude on VCT practices had an adjusted R square of 0.421, p<0.001. The independent predictors of VCT practices in a multivariable regression analysis was knowledge (β=0.478, t=10.374, p<0.001) and attitudes (β=0.257, t=5.570, p<0.001).Conclusion: Knowledge and attitudes significantly influenced VCT practices among adults attending outpatient services at Gulu Hospital. The independent determinants of VCT practices were knowledge and attitudes. However, HIV stigma, fear of positive results and divorce/separation were the most deterring factors on VCT practices among participants.

Utilization rate and factors influencing the use of HIV counseling and testing services among young females: a community-based study from Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Abiodun Amoo ◽  
David Magbagbeola Dairo ◽  
Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi ◽  
Semeeh Akinwale Omoleke
Keyword(s):  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Counseling And Testing ◽  
Hiv Counseling ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Two Factors

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to explore the utilization rate and factors influencing the use of HCT services among young females in Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria.MethodsThis study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 404 females, aged 15–24 years, residing in Ikorodu, Nigeria. Study tool was a questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed using the SPSS version 16 software.ResultsThe mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 19.3 (±2.6) years and 90.1% were single. Only 148 (36.6%) respondents had ever utilized the HCT service, of which only 40.5% of them were adolescents. Amongst those that had ever utilized HCT services (n=148), only 60.1% of them did so within 12 months prior to the study while only 33.8% of them initiated the demand for testing themselves. According to the respondents, the top two barriers to the utilization of HCT services were: fear of discrimination (82.9%); and fear of unavailability of access to treatment (68.0%), while the top two factors that facilitates its use were: the adoption of counseling-before-testing approach in the HCT service centers (85.9%); and peoples' need for HIV status declaration prior to getting a job employment/marriage partner (85.1%).ConclusionsThe study shows that utilization of HCT service remains low among the respondents. There is an urgent need to encourage the utilization of HCT services among young females in Ikorodu, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Inequities in the utilization of HIV counseling and testing services among undergraduates in mainland China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihong Zhan ◽  
Guochen Fu ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Mingliang Pan ◽  
Yuli Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Counseling And Testing ◽  
Hiv Counseling ◽  
Counseling And Testing

Abstract Background HIV counseling and testing (HCT) is provided free of charge on college campuses, but very few studies have examined whether HCT uptake is equitably distributed. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the relative importance of various determinants of HCT uptake among undergraduates in mainland China so as to assess and subsequently to suggest ways to eliminate inequities in its use, guided by the Andersen’s behavioral model. Methods A total of 10,665 eligible undergraduates were conveniently selected to complete an online survey. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with HCT utilization. Results Only 7.7% of undergraduates had utilized HCT services. HCT uptake was inequitably distributed, since it was mainly determined by predisposing and enabling factors rather than by need factors. Further analysis indicated that HCT uptake was significantly related to two need factors, one enabling factor and six predisposing factors. Those with a higher need [i.e., perceiving themselves to be at higher risk of acquiring HIV infection (AOR = 2.76, 95% CI:2.02–3.78) and engaging in condomless sex (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI:1.00–1.67)] and those with more resources [i.e., being knowledgeable of local AIDS service organization (AOR = 1.59, 95% CI:1.37–1.85)] were more likely to utilize HCT services. Compared to non-heterosexual men, non-heterosexual women (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI:0.37–0.72), heterosexual men (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI:0.33–0.57) and women (AOR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.24–0.41) were less likely to utilize HCT service. Furthermore, those with more knowledge (AOR = 0.80, 95% CI:0.69–0.94) and taking a positive attitude towards HCT services [i.e, expressing their willingness to utilize HCT services (AOR = 0.68, 95% CI:0.56–0.81) and having recognized the necessity to provide HTC services in the local university (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI:0.36–0.57)] were less likely to utilize HCT services. However, medical students (AOR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.15–1.56) and non-freshmen (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI:1.03–1.45) were more likely to utilize HCT services. Conclusions To increase HCT uptake and simultaneously reduce the remaining inequities, a comprehensive intervention should be continued to target non-heterosexual men and non- freshmen and those with a higher need for HCT services, conduct health education, improve the availability and accessibility of HIV testing services.

Factors influencing depression in primary caregivers of patients with dementia in China: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 734-739
Author(s):  
Yanhong H. Zhang ◽  
Yin Cheng ◽  
Zhaoqin Wang ◽  
Tianting Yang ◽  
Wenjun Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals Regarding Factors Associated with Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Their Consequences: A Cross Sectional Study in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Baraka ◽  
Amany Alboghdadly ◽  
Samar Alshawwa ◽  
Asim Ahmed Elnour ◽  
Hassan Alsultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Inappropriate Prescribing ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factors Influencing

Factors reported in the literature associated with inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials include physicians with less experience, uncertain diagnosis, and patient caregiver influences on physicians’ decisions. Monitoring antimicrobial resistance is critical for identifying emerging resistance patterns, developing, and assessing the effectiveness of mitigation strategies. Improvement in prescribing antimicrobials would minimize the risk of resistance and, consequently, improve patients’ clinical and health outcomes. The purpose of the study is to delineate factors associated with antimicrobial resistance, describe the factors influencing prescriber’s choice during prescribing of antimicrobial, and examine factors related to consequences of inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobial. A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare providers (190) in six tertiary hospitals in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The research panel has developed, validated, and piloted survey specific with closed-ended questions. A value of p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. All data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS version 23.0). 72.7% of the respondents have agreed that poor skills and knowledge are key factors that contribute to the inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials. All of the respondents acknowledged effectiveness, previous experience with the antimicrobial, and reading scientific materials (such as books, articles, and the internet) as being key factors influencing physicians’ choice during antimicrobial prescribing. The current study has identified comprehensive education and training needs for healthcare providers about antimicrobial resistance. Using antimicrobials unnecessarily, insufficient duration of antimicrobial use, and using broad spectrum antimicrobials were reported to be common practices. Furthermore, poor skills and knowledge were a key factor that contributed to the inappropriate use and overuse of antimicrobials, and the use of antimicrobials without a physician’s prescription (i.e., self-medication) represent key factors which contribute to AMR from participants’ perspectives. Furthermore, internal policy and guidelines are needed to ensure that the antimicrobials are prescribed in accordance with standard protocols and clinical guidelines.

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