scholarly journals Socioeconomic position over the life course from childhood and smoking status in mid-adulthood: results from a 25-year follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tian ◽  
Seana Gall ◽  
Kira Patterson ◽  
Petr Otahal ◽  
Leigh Blizzard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Life Course

scholarly journals Body size across the life course and prostate cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Möller ◽  
Kathryn M. Wilson ◽  
Julie L. Batista ◽  
Lorelei A. Mucci ◽  
Katarina Bälter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Life Course

scholarly journals Do Aging Employees Benefit from Self-Regulative Strategies? A Follow-Up Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752095858
Author(s):  
Saija Mauno ◽  
Jaana Minkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Life Course

SOC-strategies (selection, optimization, and compensation) are crucial for well-being and adaptation throughout the life course. The workforce is aging rapidly, thus the age-conditional premises of SOC theory require attention. This study explored (1) whether older employees used SOC strategies more often (compared to younger employees), and (2) whether older employees benefited more from SOC strategies in relation to occupational well-being (job burnout, work engagement). The study was based on follow-up data including three occupational subsamples of different age ( N = 1,020). There were no significant age-conditional differences in the take-up of SOC strategies. However, older (white-collar) employees benefited more from compensation and elective selection in relation to occupational well-being. Moreover, older employees also benefited more from using all SOC strategies concerning occupational well-being. Strengthening older employees’ SOC strategies needs more attention as the workforce is aging.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Position at Different Stages of the Life Course and Its Influence on Body Weight and Weight Gain in Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study With 13-Year Follow-up

Obesity ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1377-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Giskes ◽  
Frank J. van Lenthe ◽  
Gavin Turrell ◽  
Carlijn B.M. Kamphuis ◽  
Johannes Brug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
The Life Course

scholarly journals Work Participation among Women and Men in Sweden: A Register Study of 8.5 Million Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4642
Author(s):  
Katriina Heikkilä ◽  
Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽  
Kristina Alexanderson ◽  
Marianna Virtanen
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
The Life Course

Observational research studies from various countries suggest that women’s working patterns across the life course are often fragmented compared to men’s. The aim of our investigation was to use nationwide register data from Sweden to examine the extent to which generation and time of entry to the work force explain the sex differences in work participation across the life course. Our analyses were based on individual-level data on 4,182,581 women and 4,279,571 men, who were 19–69 years old and resident in Sweden in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, or 2015. Data on income and number of net days on disability pension, obtained from multiple linked registers, were used to ascertain each individual’s main activity (in paid work, on disability pension, and not in paid work) each year. Years in paid work and on disability pension were calculated as the sums of years spent in either of these states from age 19 to 69 years. We used negative binomial regression to model the associations of generation and baseline year with years in paid work and years on disability pension. All models were run separately for women and men, with the duration of follow-up constrained to one, to account for the different follow-up times between individuals. Overall, the number of years in paid work across the life course was larger among men than women, and men entered into the workforce earlier. The difference between women and men was similar across generations and time periods. Adjustment for education, income, number of children aged <18 years living at home, country of birth, and the type of residential area had minimal impact on the estimates. Our findings suggest that women spend fewer years in paid work across the life course than men, highlighting the need for continued efforts to close the gender gap in work participation.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Position Across the Life Course and Stroke Risk at Older Ages

2006 ◽  
Vol 163 (suppl_11) ◽  
pp. S67-S67
Author(s):  
M.M Glymour ◽  
M Avendano ◽  
L.F Berkman
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
The Life Course

Life Course Socioeconomic Position, Intergenerational Social Mobility, and Hypertension Incidence in ELSA-Brasil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Aparecido Soares Lopes ◽  
Luana Giatti ◽  
Rosane Harter Griep ◽  
Antonio Alberto da Silva Lopes ◽  
Sheila Maria Alvim Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Rate Ratios

Abstract Background Life course epidemiology is a powerful framework to unravel the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) disparities in hypertension (HTN). This study investigated whether life course SEP is associated with HTN incidence. Specifically, to test whether cumulative low SEP throughout life and unfavorable intergenerational social mobility increased HTN incidence. METHODS Longitudinal analysis of 8,754 ELSA-Brasil participants without HTN or cardiovascular in visit 1 (2008–2010). The response variable was the incidence of HTN between visits 1 and 2 (2012–2014). The explanatory variables were childhood, youth, and adulthood SEP, cumulative low SEP, and intergenerational social mobility. Associations were estimated by incidence rate ratios (IRRs) obtained by generalized linear models, with Poisson distribution and logarithmic link function, after adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioral, and health factors. RESULTS The incidence of HTN was 43.2/1,000 person-years, being higher in males, elderly (70–74 years), self-declared black, and low SEP individuals. After considering sociodemographic factors, low SEP in childhood, youth, and adulthood remained statistically associated with increased HTN incidence. Individuals in the third (IRR: 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.44) and fourth top quartiles (IRR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11–1.49) of cumulative low SEP, vs. first, as well as those with low stable intergenerational trajectory (IRR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.16–1.43), vs. high stable, also had increased HTN incidence rates. Conclusions Socioeconomic disparities at all phases of the life cycle appear to raise HTN incidence rates, being the individuals with greater accumulation of exposure to low SEP and with more unfavorable intergenerational mobility at greatest risk, even in a short follow-up time.

Associations of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein with prevalent and incident coronary heart disease are attenuated by adjustment for confounding factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (05) ◽  
pp. 955-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Smith ◽  
Ann Rumley ◽  
Gordon Lowe ◽  
Shah Ebrahim ◽  
Debbie Lawlor
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Life Course

SummaryA cross sectional and prospective analysis of 3,745 British women aged 60–79 years at baseline was undertaken. Among these women there were 570 prevalent cases of coronary heart disease (CHD) and 151 new cases among 12,641 person-years of follow up of women who were free of CHD at baseline. Both fibrinogen and CRP were associated with indicators of socioeconomic position in childhood and adulthood and there was a cumulative effect of socioeconomic position from across the life course. The age-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of prevalent CHD for a 1 unit (1 g/L) increase in fibrinogen was 1.29 (1.12, 1.49); with full adjustment for all potential confounding factors this attenuated to 1.09 (0.93, 1.28). The hazards ratio for incident CHD among those free of disease at baseline was 1.28 (1.00, 1.64); with full adjustment for all potential confounding factors this attenuated to 1.09 (0.84, 1.44). Similar effects of adjustment for confounding factors were seen for the associations between CRP and both prevalent and incident CHD. By contrast, the strong positive association between smoking (an established causal risk factor for CHD) and CHD was not attenuated by adjustment for life course socioeconomic position or other risk factors. We conclude that fibrinogen and CRP predict CHD but may not be causally related to it.

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