Prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism among adults attending an outpatient department at a tertiary referral hospital in Swaziland: a cross-sectional study

Background: Prescription audit is an important tool to analyse rational use of drug at different health sectors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prescribing pattern using World Health Organization prescribing indicators for lower respiratory tract infection in children below five years of age.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of Paediatrics at Central Referral Hospital, Gangtok, Sikkim, India for a period of 18 months. Study involved children between 1-5 years of age with fever/cough with or without respiratory distress. The data were collected from the out patient department prescription slips as well as interviewing the parents/guardians after finishing the physician consultation. The data were processed using statistical software SPSS 20.Results: The study was conducted with 57 prescriptions comprising 210 drugs from both male (54.38%) and female (45.61%) patients. The average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 3.68. negligible (0.013%) prescription containing generic name of drug was found, 96.66% of medicines were prescribed from National Essential List of Medicine (NELM). No prescriptions were found to have injectables, 8.57% of the prescriptions were found to contain fixed dose combination. Amongst the drug categories, salbutamol accounted for 23.33% in total prescription followed by paracetamol (22.85%) and amoxicillin (7.14%). While accounting for the formulations used, the maximum prescriptions were containing syrup followed by nebulization.Conclusions: The use of generic names was minimal, only few of the prescriptions had vitamins and tonics with no use of injectable preparations. Maximum numbers of drugs were prescribed from NELM.

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Association between physical activity and abnormal glucose metabolism—A population-based cross-sectional study in China

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications ◽

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.05.021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (8) ◽

pp. 746-752 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ping Hu ◽

Yufeng Li ◽

Xianghai Zhou ◽

Xiuying Zhang ◽

Fang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

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Relationship between pancreatic hormones and glucose metabolism: A cross-sectional study in patients after acute pancreatitis

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00074.2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 311 (1) ◽

pp. G50-G58 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Sayali A. Pendharkar ◽

Varsha M. Asrani ◽

Amy Y. Xiao ◽

Harry D. Yoon ◽

Rinki Murphy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Pancreatic Polypeptide ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pancreatic Hormones ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

C Peptide ◽

Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

Abnormal glucose metabolism is present in almost 40% of patients after acute pancreatitis, but its pathophysiology has been poorly investigated. Pancreatic hormone derangements have been sparingly studied to date, and their relationship with abnormal glucose metabolism is largely unknown. The aim was to investigate the associations between pancreatic hormones and glucose metabolism after acute pancreatitis, including the effect of potential confounders. This was a cross-sectional study of 83 adult patients after acute pancreatitis. Fasting venous blood was collected from all patients and used for analysis of insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, amylin, somatostatin, C-peptide, glucose, and hemoglobin A1c. Statistical analyses were conducted using the modified Poisson regression, multivariable linear regression, and Spearman's correlation. Age, sex, body mass index, recurrence of acute pancreatitis, duration from first attack, severity, and etiology were adjusted for. Increased insulin was significantly associated with abnormal glucose metabolism after acute pancreatitis, in both unadjusted ( P = 0.038) and adjusted ( P = 0.001) analyses. Patients with abnormal glucose metabolism also had significantly decreased pancreatic polypeptide ( P = 0.001) and increased amylin ( P = 0.047) in adjusted analyses. Somatostatin, C-peptide, and glucagon were not changed significantly in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Increased insulin resistance and reduced insulin clearance may be important components of hyperinsulinemic compensation in patients after acute pancreatitis. Increased amylin and reduced pancreatic polypeptide fasting levels characterize impaired glucose homeostasis. Clinical studies investigating islet-cell hormonal responses to mixed-nutrient meal testing and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps are now warranted for further insights into the role of pancreatic hormones in glucose metabolism derangements secondary to pancreatic diseases.

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Quantifying alcohol-related emergency admissions in a UK tertiary referral hospital: a cross-sectional study of chronic alcohol dependency and acute alcohol intoxication

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. e010005 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

J Vardy ◽

T Keliher ◽

J Fisher ◽

F Ritchie ◽

C Bell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Alcohol Dependency ◽

Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Chronic Alcohol ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Tertiary Referral ◽

Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Emergency Admissions

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HIV counselling and testing practices for children seen in an urban emergency department of a tertiary referral hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a retrospective cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010298 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. e010298 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hendry R Sawe ◽

Juma A Mfinanga ◽

Faith H Ringo ◽

Victor Mwafongo ◽

Teri A Reynolds ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Tertiary Referral ◽

Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hiv Counselling And Testing ◽

Testing Practices ◽

Urban Emergency Department

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Rational Drug-Use Evaluation Based on World Health Organization Core Drug-Use Indicators in a Tertiary Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Drug Healthcare and Patient Safety ◽

10.2147/dhps.s237021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Volume 12 ◽

pp. 15-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Desalegn Birara Mamo ◽

Belete Kassa Alemu

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Tertiary Referral ◽

Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northeast Ethiopia ◽

Rational Drug ◽

Health Organization

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Abnormal Glucose Metabolism Leads To Severe COVID-19 Due To Hyperinflammation: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1178181/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Han Li ◽

Bingdi Yan ◽

Rong Gao ◽

Jin Ren ◽

Zhenzhong Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inflammatory Reactions ◽

Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽

Hba1c Levels

Abstract Background: We aimed to describe the clinical features of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with or without diabetes, focusing on the effect of abnormal HbA1c levels on inflammatory reactions and disease severity.Methods: A total of 190 patients with COVID-19 were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were collected and compared among moderate, severe, and critical cases, as well as among diabetes, prediabetes and nondiabetes cases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine the diagnostic ability of HbA1c for disease severity. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between HbA1c levels and worse prognosis of COVID-19.Results: HbA1c levels at admission were significantly different in patients with moderate, severe, and critical diseases (P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of HbA1c levels to distinguish between moderate and severe-critical diseases was 0.938 (95% CI 0.906–0.970). After adjustment for confounders, the results showed that the increasing odds of in-hospital deaths were associated with HbA1c levels >6.0% (42 mmol/mol) (aOR 2.971 [95% CI 1.002, 8.804], P=0.049), and the increasing odds of severe or critical COVID-19 were associated with HbA1c levels ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol) (aOR 29.588 [95% CI 8.285, 105.457], P<0.001). In addition, HbA1c levels strongly correlated with inflammatory markers and cytokines.Conclusions: Abnormal glucose metabolism can cause a hyperinflammatory state of COVID-19, which manifests as severe disease.

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