scholarly journals Relationship between pancreatic hormones and glucose metabolism: A cross-sectional study in patients after acute pancreatitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. G50-G58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayali A. Pendharkar ◽  
Varsha M. Asrani ◽  
Amy Y. Xiao ◽  
Harry D. Yoon ◽  
Rinki Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Pancreatic Polypeptide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pancreatic Hormones ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

Abnormal glucose metabolism is present in almost 40% of patients after acute pancreatitis, but its pathophysiology has been poorly investigated. Pancreatic hormone derangements have been sparingly studied to date, and their relationship with abnormal glucose metabolism is largely unknown. The aim was to investigate the associations between pancreatic hormones and glucose metabolism after acute pancreatitis, including the effect of potential confounders. This was a cross-sectional study of 83 adult patients after acute pancreatitis. Fasting venous blood was collected from all patients and used for analysis of insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, amylin, somatostatin, C-peptide, glucose, and hemoglobin A1c. Statistical analyses were conducted using the modified Poisson regression, multivariable linear regression, and Spearman's correlation. Age, sex, body mass index, recurrence of acute pancreatitis, duration from first attack, severity, and etiology were adjusted for. Increased insulin was significantly associated with abnormal glucose metabolism after acute pancreatitis, in both unadjusted ( P = 0.038) and adjusted ( P = 0.001) analyses. Patients with abnormal glucose metabolism also had significantly decreased pancreatic polypeptide ( P = 0.001) and increased amylin ( P = 0.047) in adjusted analyses. Somatostatin, C-peptide, and glucagon were not changed significantly in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Increased insulin resistance and reduced insulin clearance may be important components of hyperinsulinemic compensation in patients after acute pancreatitis. Increased amylin and reduced pancreatic polypeptide fasting levels characterize impaired glucose homeostasis. Clinical studies investigating islet-cell hormonal responses to mixed-nutrient meal testing and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps are now warranted for further insights into the role of pancreatic hormones in glucose metabolism derangements secondary to pancreatic diseases.

Prevalence and determinants of abnormal glucose metabolism in urban and rural secondary schools in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study in a sub-Saharan Africa setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félicité Kamdem ◽  
Daniel Lemogoum ◽  
Ahmadou Musa Jingi ◽  
Stéphane Choupo Guetchuin ◽  
Caroline Kenmegne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Abnormal Glucose Metabolism Leads To Severe COVID-19 Due To Hyperinflammation: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Li ◽  
Bingdi Yan ◽  
Rong Gao ◽  
Jin Ren ◽  
Zhenzhong Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Background: We aimed to describe the clinical features of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with or without diabetes, focusing on the effect of abnormal HbA1c levels on inflammatory reactions and disease severity.Methods: A total of 190 patients with COVID-19 were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were collected and compared among moderate, severe, and critical cases, as well as among diabetes, prediabetes and nondiabetes cases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine the diagnostic ability of HbA1c for disease severity. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between HbA1c levels and worse prognosis of COVID-19.Results: HbA1c levels at admission were significantly different in patients with moderate, severe, and critical diseases (P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of HbA1c levels to distinguish between moderate and severe-critical diseases was 0.938 (95% CI 0.906–0.970). After adjustment for confounders, the results showed that the increasing odds of in-hospital deaths were associated with HbA1c levels >6.0% (42 mmol/mol) (aOR 2.971 [95% CI 1.002, 8.804], P=0.049), and the increasing odds of severe or critical COVID-19 were associated with HbA1c levels ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol) (aOR 29.588 [95% CI 8.285, 105.457], P<0.001). In addition, HbA1c levels strongly correlated with inflammatory markers and cytokines.Conclusions: Abnormal glucose metabolism can cause a hyperinflammatory state of COVID-19, which manifests as severe disease.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and asymptomatic viral carriage in healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1089-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Shields ◽  
Sian E Faustini ◽  
Marisol Perez-Toledo ◽  
Sian Jossi ◽  
Erin Aldera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Internal ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveTo determine the rates of asymptomatic viral carriage and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers.DesignA cross-sectional study of asymptomatic healthcare workers undertaken on 24/25 April 2020.SettingUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (UHBFT), UK.Participants545 asymptomatic healthcare workers were recruited while at work. Participants were invited to participate via the UHBFT social media. Exclusion criteria included current symptoms consistent with COVID-19. No potential participants were excluded.InterventionParticipants volunteered a nasopharyngeal swab and a venous blood sample that were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibodies, respectively. Results were interpreted in the context of prior illnesses and the hospital departments in which participants worked.Main outcome measureProportion of participants demonstrating infection and positive SARS-CoV-2 serology.ResultsThe point prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 viral carriage was 2.4% (n=13/545). The overall seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 24.4% (n=126/516). Participants who reported prior symptomatic illness had higher seroprevalence (37.5% vs 17.1%, χ2=21.1034, p<0.0001) and quantitatively greater antibody responses than those who had remained asymptomatic. Seroprevalence was greatest among those working in housekeeping (34.5%), acute medicine (33.3%) and general internal medicine (30.3%), with lower rates observed in participants working in intensive care (14.8%). BAME (Black, Asian and minority ethnic) ethnicity was associated with a significantly increased risk of seropositivity (OR: 1.92, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.23, p=0.01). Working on the intensive care unit was associated with a significantly lower risk of seropositivity compared with working in other areas of the hospital (OR: 0.28, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.78, p=0.02).Conclusions and relevanceWe identify differences in the occupational risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 between hospital departments and confirm asymptomatic seroconversion occurs in healthcare workers. Further investigation of these observations is required to inform future infection control and occupational health practices.

scholarly journals Comparison of capillary, venous and buffy coat blood samples in detecting Plasmodium species among malaria suspected patients attending at Hamusite health center. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Abeje ◽  
Woyneshet Gelaye ◽  
Getaneh Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Background Both capillary and venous blood samples have been interchangeably used for the diagnosis of malaria in Ethiopia. However, Plasmodium parasites are thought to be more concentrated in capillary than in venous blood. Hence, selecting a sample source where parasites are more concentrated is indispensable approach in order to maximize the accuracy of blood film microscopy. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the detection rate and the parasitemia level of Plasmodium species from conventional capillary and venous blood films, and buffy coat preparations. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from Feburary to March 2020 among 210 febrile patients attending Hamusite health center, northwest Ethiopia. Capillary and venous blood samples were collected and buffy coat was prepared from each sample. Thin and thick blood films were prepared, stained, and examined microscopically following standard protocol. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software version 20 and Med-Calc software version 19.3. Results Capillary blood buffy coat (61/210, 29.0%) had significantly higher detection rate as compared to capillary (48/210, 22.9%) and venous (42/210, 20.0%) blood films (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between capillary and venous blood films (p = 0.070) in detecting Plasmodium species. The highest and the lowest mean asexual stage parasite counts were found in capillary blood buffy coat (4692.88) and venous blood (631.43) films, respectively showing significant variations (p < 0.001). Mean gametocyte count was also highest in capillary blood buffy coat (3958.44). As compared to capillary blood buffy coat, the sensitivity of venous blood buffy coat, capillary blood film and venous blood film were 73.8, 78.7, 68.9%, respectively. Conclusion Capillary blood buffy coat samples showed the highest sensitivity in detecting and quantitating malaria parasites that its use should be promoted in clinical settings. However, conventional capillary and venous blood films could be used interchangeably.

scholarly journals Insulin micro-secretion in Type 1 diabetes and related microRNA profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej S. Januszewski ◽  
Yoon Hi Cho ◽  
Mugdha V. Joglekar ◽  
Ryan J. Farr ◽  
Emma S. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Adult Onset Diabetes

AbstractThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare plasma C-peptide presence and levels in people without diabetes (CON) and with Type 1 diabetes and relate C-peptide status to clinical factors. In a subset we evaluated 50 microRNAs (miRs) previously implicated in beta-cell death and associations with clinical status and C-peptide levels. Diabetes age of onset was stratified as adult (≥ 18 y.o) or childhood (< 18 y.o.), and diabetes duration was stratified as ≤ 10 years, 10–20 years and > 20 years. Plasma C-peptide was measured by ultrasensitive ELISA. Plasma miRs were quantified using TaqMan probe-primer mix on an OpenArray platform. C-peptide was detectable in 55.3% of (n = 349) people with diabetes, including 64.1% of adults and 34.0% of youth with diabetes, p < 0.0001 and in all (n = 253) participants without diabetes (CON). C-peptide levels, when detectable, were lower in the individuals with diabetes than in the CON group [median lower quartile (LQ)–upper quartile (UQ)] 5.0 (2.6–28.7) versus 650.9 (401.2–732.4) pmol/L respectively, p < 0.0001 and lower in childhood versus adult-onset diabetes [median (LQ–UQ) 4.2 (2.6–12.2) pmol/L vs. 8.0 (2.3–80.5) pmol/L, p = 0.02, respectively]. In the childhood-onset group more people with longer diabetes duration (> 20 years) had detectable C-peptide (60%) than in those with shorter diabetes duration (39%, p for trend < 0.05). Nine miRs significantly correlated with detectable C-peptide levels in people with diabetes and 16 miRs correlated with C-peptide levels in CON. Our cross-sectional study results are supportive of (a) greater beta-cell function loss in younger onset Type 1 diabetes; (b) persistent insulin secretion in adult-onset diabetes and possibly regenerative secretion in childhood-onset long diabetes duration; and (c) relationships of C-peptide levels with circulating miRs. Confirmatory clinical studies and related basic science studies are merited.

scholarly journals PG - 19: Cross Sectional Study of Microalbuminuria, C-Peptide & Fundal Changes in Prediabetics

Annals of SBV ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
K Srikanth ◽  
R Prasanna ◽  
K Jayasingh ◽  
R Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
C Peptide

scholarly journals Serum Endocan Levels on Admission Are Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Pilot Study

Angiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 000331972096126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alpay Medetalibeyoglu ◽  
Samim Emet ◽  
Murat Kose ◽  
Timur Selcuk Akpinar ◽  
Naci Senkal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
End Point ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Thrombotic and embolic complications in the cardiovascular system are evident and associated with worse prognosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Endothelial-specific molecule 1 (endocan) plays a role in vascular pathology. We hypothesized serum endocan levels on admission are associated with primary composite end point (mortality and intensive care unit hospitalization) in COVID-19 patients. Patients (n = 80) with laboratory, clinical, and radiological confirmed COVID-19 were included in this cross-sectional study. Ten milliliter of peripheral venous blood were drawn within 24 hours of admission to estimate serum endocan levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 (IBM). Patients with the primary composite end point had significantly higher serum endocan levels than patients without (852.2 ± 522.7 vs 550.2 ± 440.8 ng/L, respectively; P < .01). In the logistic regression analysis, only increased serum endocan levels and increase in age were independent predictors of the primary composite end point ( P < .05). In the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, we found that a serum endocan level of 276.4 ng/L had a 97% sensitivity and 85% specificity for prediction of the primary composite end point. Baseline serum endocan levels may prove useful as a prognostic factor in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document