scholarly journals Acute pesticide poisoning amongst adolescent girls and women in northern Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elikana Lekei ◽  
Aiwerasia V. Ngowi ◽  
Jones Kapeleka ◽  
Leslie London
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elikana Eliona Lekei ◽  
Aiwerasia V Ngowi ◽  
Jones Kapeleka ◽  
Leslie London

Abstract Background: Acute pesticide poisoning (APP) is reported to affect community health worldwide but its burden in Tanzania is unknown particularly in women. This study examines APP involving adult females and adolescent girls 10 to 19 years in 3 regions of Tanzania which are famous for coffee and vegetable productionMethods. Over the period of 12 months, health facility-based surveillance for cases of APP was implemented in 10 Tanzanian healthcare facilities in 2006. Results. The study identified 108 APP cases of whom 31 (28.7%) occurred amongst adolescent girls. Suicide was the leading poisoning circumstances (60.2%) and the most vulnerable women were 20-29 years old who comprised 38.4% of all cases with suicide as circumstance.Organophosphates (OPs), zinc phosphide, paraquat and endosulfan were common amongst known reported poisoning agents. The annual APP incidence, mortality and Case Fatality Rate for women were 5.1/100,000, 0.2/100,000 and 3.7/100, respectivelyConclusion. APP amongst women in Tanzania is common and this call for diverse preventive interventions to reduce poisoning incidents.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elikana Eliona Lekei ◽  
Aiwerasia V Ngowi ◽  
Jones Kapeleka ◽  
Leslie London

Abstract Background: Acute pesticide poisoning (APP) is reported to affect community health worldwide but its burden in Tanzania is unknown particularly in women. This study examines APP involving adult females and adolescent girls 10 to 19 years in 3 regions of Tanzania which are famous for coffee and vegetable production Methods. A one year prospective study in 10 Tanzanian healthcare facilities was conducted using methods previous published by the same authors in 2014 Results. The study identified 108 APP cases of whom 31 (28.7%) occurred amongst adolescent girls. Suicide was the leading poisoning circumstances (60.2%) and the most vulnerable women were 20-29 years old who comprised 38.4% of all cases with suicide as circumstance. Organophosphates (OPs), zinc phosphide, paraquat and endosulfan were common amongst known reported poisoning agents. The annual APP incidence, mortality and Case Fatality Rate for women were 5.1/100,000, 0.2/100,000 and 3.7/100, respectively Conclusion. APP amongst women in Tanzania is common and this call for diverse preventive interventions to reduce poisoning incidents.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elikana Eliona Lekei ◽  
Aiwerasia V Ngowi ◽  
Jones Kapeleka ◽  
Leslie London

Abstract Background: Acute pesticide poisoning (APP) is reported to affect community health worldwide but its burden in Tanzania is unknown particularly in women. This study examines APP involving adult females and adolescent girls 10 to 19 years in 3 regions of Tanzania which are famous for coffee and vegetable production Methods. A one year hospital based surveillance study in 10 Tanzanian healthcare facilities was conducted using methods previous published by the same authors in 2014 Results. The study identified 108 APP cases of whom 31 (28.7%) occurred amongst adolescent girls. Suicide was the leading poisoning circumstances (60.2%) and the most vulnerable women were 20-29 years old who comprised 38.4% of all cases with suicide as circumstance. Organophosphates (OPs), zinc phosphide, paraquat and endosulfan were common amongst known reported poisoning agents. The annual APP incidence, mortality and Case Fatality Rate for women were 5.1/100,000, 0.2/100,000 and 3.7/100, respectively Conclusion. APP amongst women in Tanzania is common and this call for diverse preventive interventions to reduce poisoning incidents. Key Words: Acute Pesticide Poisoning, adolescent girls & women, Northern Tanzania


2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Klith Jensen ◽  
Flemming Konradsen ◽  
Erik Jørs ◽  
Jørgen Holm Petersen ◽  
Anders Dalsgaard

Organophosphates and carbamates (OPs/CMs) are known for their acetylcholinesterase inhibiting character. A cross-sectional study of pesticide handling practices and self-perceived symptoms of acute pesticide poisoning was conducted using questionnaire-based interviews with 89 pesticide sprayers in Boeung Cheung Ek (BCE) Lake, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The study showed that 50% of the pesticides used belonged to WHO class I + II and personal protection among the farmers were inadequate. A majority of the farmers (88%) had experienced symptoms of acute pesticide poisoning, and this was significantly associated with the number of hours spent spraying with OPs/CMs (OR = 1.14, CI 95%: 1.02–1.28). The higher educated farmers reduced their risk of poisoning by 55% for each extra personal protective measure they adapted (OR = 0.45, CI 95%: 0.22–0.91). These findings suggest that improving safe pesticide management practices among the farmers and enforcing the effective banning of the most toxic pesticides will considerably reduce the number of acute pesticide poisoning episodes.


Biomédica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Esther Pedrozo ◽  
Sandra Ocampos ◽  
Rosa Galeano ◽  
Andrea Ojeda ◽  
Agueda Cabello ◽  
...  

De las intoxicaciones reportadas en Paraguay, un 13,7 % tiene como agente causal los plaguicidas, destacándose en primer lugar los compuestos organofosforados. Las intoxicaciones con compuestos organofosforados producen la inhibición de la enzima acetilcolinesterasa y pueden generar tres cuadros clínicos: la intoxicación aguda, el síndrome intermedio y una neurotoxicidad tardía. Se presentan 15 casos de intoxicación aguda, diez mujeres y cinco hombres, entre 5 y 67 años de edad, procedentes de una comunidad rural, quienes iniciaron síntomas luego de haber utilizado el agua de la red comunitaria contaminada con plaguicidas. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron náuseas y vómitos, seguidas de dolor abdominal, cefalea, fiebre, prurito, inyección conjuntival, sudoración. A cinco casos se les realizó análisis de sangre que incluyeron hemograma, perfil renal, perfil hepático y colinesterasa sérica, con resultados dentro de los valores de referencia, solo uno de los casos presentó enzimas hepáticas alteradas. En dos muestras de agua de la red comunitaria se detectó el compuesto organofosforado con ingrediente activo Profenofos. Es fundamental que el personal de atención primaria de la salud, sobre todo en las zonas rurales, sea capaz de identificar los casos de intoxicaciones agudas por plaguicidas de manera oportuna a fin de brindar el tratamiento adecuado.


2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beyene Negatu ◽  
Roel Vermeulen ◽  
Yalemtshay Mekonnen ◽  
Hans Kromhout

ObjectiveTo estimate prevalence of acute pesticide poisoning (APP) and its association with neurobehavioural symptoms in Ethiopian pesticide applicators.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional survey among 256 pesticide applicators from small-scale irrigated farms, a large-scale open farm and large-scale greenhouses. APP was ascertained using a modified WHO case definition, and neurobehavioural symptoms were collected with a standardised questionnaire (Q16). Exposure to pesticides was estimated using detailed exposure algorithms specifically developed for Ethiopian farms. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate risk of APP and its association with neurobehavioural symptoms.ResultsOverall APP prevalence was 16%. Working as an applicator in greenhouses was strongly associated with APP (OR 3.00, 95% CI 1.38 to 6.54). Estimated annual pesticide exposure was also associated with APP (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.20). Longer duration of employment appeared to be negatively associated with APP. Having had an APP was strongly associated with reporting more neurobehavioural symptoms (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.01 to 4.58) independent of cumulative pesticide exposure. Cumulative exposure to pesticides appeared to be associated with neurobehavioural symptoms among applicators without and with APP.ConclusionsWe showed a substantial prevalence of APP that differed between farming systems and was strongly associated with neurobehavioural symptoms. Intensity of exposure was also clearly associated with these symptoms. Reduction and control of occupational exposure to pesticides is urgently needed in Ethiopia.


2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117863021772892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ssemugabo ◽  
Abdullah Ali Halage ◽  
Ruth Mubeezi Neebye ◽  
Victoria Nabankema ◽  
Massy Moses Kasule ◽  
...  

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