scholarly journals “Validation of a cyberbullying questionnaire as a screening tool for other forms of intimate-partner violence towards young women”

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Hernández García ◽  
Myrian Pichiule Castañeda ◽  
Luisa Lasheras Lozano ◽  
Marisa Pires Alcaide ◽  
María Ordobás Gavín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Validity Indices ◽  
Overall Efficiency

Abstract Background The use of electronic media is widespread among young people and is a potential tool for the perpetration of intimate-partner violence (IPV) towards women. The aim of this study is to validate two questions focused on harassment and control by electronic tools (HCE-2) as a screening tool for the detection of IPV in young women. Methods The data source was the third Community of Madrid IPV survey in 2014. The screening tool consisted of two questions with five possible answers prepared by a group of experts. As the gold standard we used the definition of intimate partner violence based on a 26- question survey. The validity indices (with 95% confidence intervals) were compared between two age groups: 18–24 and 25–29 years. Results Six hundred ninty-four women were sampled. The response rate was 68.7%, and 477 surveys were analyzed. The prevalence of IPV was 10.7% (95% CI: 8.2–13.8). HCE-2 was positive in 5.9% (95% CI: 4.1–8.4). The overall efficiency of the test was 93.5% (95% CI: 91.1–96.7), sensitivity 47.1% (95% CI: 33.7–60.8), specificity 99.1% (95% CI: 97.5–99.6), and positive predictive value 85.7% (95% CI: 67.1–94.6). The best validity indices of the questionnaire were observed in women aged 18 to 24 years: overall efficiency of the test 95.1% (95% CI: 92.6–97.7), sensitivity 62.5% (95% CI: 44.5–77.6), specificity 99.6% (95% CI: 97.0–99.9), and positive predictive value 95.2% (95% CI: 71.7–99.4). Conclusions The existing need to improve the detection of IPV in young women and the good validity indices observed here justify the recommendation of the HCE-2 questionnaire as a screening tool in young women.

scholarly journals “Validation of a Cyberbullying Questionnaire as a Screening Tool for Other Forms of Intimate-Partner Violence Towards Young Women”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Hernández-García ◽  
Myrian Pichiule Castañeda ◽  
Luisa Lasheras Lozano ◽  
Marisa Pires Alcaide ◽  
María Ordobás Gavín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Validity Indices ◽  
Overall Efficiency

Abstract Fundamentals:The use of electronic media is widespread among young people and is a potential tool for the perpetration of intimate-partner violence (IPV) towards women. The aim of this study is to validate two questions focused on harassment and control by electronic tools (HCE-2) as a screening tool for the detection of IPV in young women.Methodology:The data source was the third Community of Madrid IPV survey in 2014. The screening tool consisted of two questions with five possible answers prepared by a group of experts. The gold-standard definition of IPV was that of a questionnaire of 26 questions. The validity indices (with 95% confidence intervals) were compared between two age groups: 18-24 and 25-29 years.Results:The response rate was 68.7%, and 477 surveys were analyzed. The prevalence of IPV was 10.7% (95% CI: 8.2-13.8). HCE-2 was positive in 5.9% (95% CI: 4.1-8.4). The overall efficiency of the test was 93.5% (95% CI: 91.1-96.7), sensitivity 47.1% (95% CI: 33.7-60.8), specificity 99.1% (95% CI: 97.5-99.6), and positive predictive value 85.7% (95% CI: 67.1-94.6). The best validity indices of the questionnaire were observed in women aged 18 to 24 years: overall efficiency of the test 95.1% (95% CI: 92.6-97.7), sensitivity 62.5% (95% CI: 44.5-77.6), specificity 99.6% (95% CI: 97.0-99.9), and positive predictive value 95.2% (95% CI: 71.7-99.4).Conclusions:The existing need to improve the detection of IPV in young women and the good validity indices observed here justify the recommendation of the HCE-2 questionnaire as a screening tool in young women.

Development of a Screen for Ongoing Intimate Partner Violence

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve J. Weiss ◽  
Amy A. Ernst ◽  
Elaine Cham ◽  
Todd G. Nick
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Spouse Abuse ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Survey Tool

A five-question Ongoing Abuse Screen (OAS) was developed to evaluate ongoing intimate partner violence. Our hypothesis was that the OAS was more accurate and more likely to reflect ongoing intimate partner violence than the AAS when compared to the Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA). The survey included the ISA, the OAS, and the AAS. During the busiest emergency department hours, a sampling of 856 patients completed all aspects of the survey tool. Comparisons were made between the two scales and the ISA. The accuracy, positive predictive value, and positive likelihood ratio were 84%, 58%, and 6.0 for the OAS and 59%, 33%, and 2.0 for the AAS. The OAS was more accurate, had a better positive predictive value, and was three times more likely to detect victims of ongoing intimate partner violence than the AAS. Because the OAS was still not accurate enough, we developed a new screen, based on the ISA, titled the Ongoing Violence Assessment Tool (OVAT).

Detecting Ongoing Intimate Partner Violence in the Emergency Department Using a Simple 4-Question Screen: The OVAT

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy A. Ernst ◽  
Steven J. Weiss ◽  
Elaine Cham ◽  
Louise Hall ◽  
Todd G. Nick
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Spouse Abuse ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Brief Screening ◽  
Urban Emergency Department

We wanted to prospectively evaluate the use of a brief screening tool for ongoing intimate partner violence (IPV), the OVAT, and to validate this tool against the present Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA). The design was a prospective survey during randomized 4-hour shifts in an urban emergency department setting. The scale consists of four questions developed based on our previous work. The ISA was compared as the gold standard for detection of present (ongoing) IPV. Of 362 eligible patients presenting during 75 randomized 4-hour shifts, 306 (85%) completed the study. The prevalence of ongoing IPV using the OVAT was 31% (95% CI 26% to 36%). For the ISA, the prevalence was 20% (95% CI 16% to 25%). Compared with the ISA, the sensitivity of the OVAT in detecting ongoing IPV was 86%, specificity 83%, negative predictive value 96%, positive predictive value 56%, with an accuracy of 84%. In conclusion, four brief questions can detect ongoing IPV to aid in identifying the victim.

Assessing Intimate Partner Violence in South Asian Women Using the Index of Spouse Abuse

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 697-711
Author(s):  
Lenore Fitzsimmons Soglin ◽  
Maya Ragavan ◽  
Supriya Immaneni ◽  
David F. Soglin
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Spouse Abuse ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Immigrant Population ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) affects 21-40% of South Asian (SA) women in the United States. No screening tool has been validated in this population. This study sought to determine the validity of the Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA) as an IPV screening tool and to determine the prevalence of IPV among a SA immigrant population. Thirty-one percent of women screened positive on one or both ISA scales. The ISA-P and ISA-NP items were highly reliable as was the correlation between the ISA-P and ISA-NP scores. The ISA is a valid and reliable IPV screening tool in the SA immigrant population.

scholarly journals Why interventions to prevent intimate partner violence and HIV have failed young women in southern Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenevieve Mannell ◽  
Samantha Willan ◽  
Maryam Shahmanesh ◽  
Janet Seeley ◽  
Lorraine Sherr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner

scholarly journals The relationship between intimate partner violence and probable depression among adolescent girls and young women in Lilongwe, Malawi

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savvy K. Brar ◽  
Tara S. H. Beattie ◽  
Melanie Abas ◽  
Dhrutika Vansia ◽  
Twambilile Phanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Probable Depression

scholarly journals A Randomized Trial of Screening for Intimate Partner Violence in Young Women

2006 ◽  
Vol 163 (suppl_11) ◽  
pp. S258-S258
Author(s):  
N P Palmetto ◽  
LL Davidson ◽  
KE Jones ◽  
VI Rickert ◽  
V Breitbart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner

scholarly journals Intimate partner violence against young women: prevalence and associated factors in Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belén Sanz-Barbero ◽  
Patricia López Pereira ◽  
Gregorio Barrio ◽  
Carmen Vives-Cases
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
European Union ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
The European Union

BackgroundThe magnitude of intimate partner violence (IPV) in young women is a source of increasing concern. The prevalence of IPV has not been analysed in Europe as a whole. The objective was to assess the prevalence and main characteristics of experiencing physical and/or sexual and psychological-only IPV among young women in the European Union and to identify individual and contextual associated risk factors.MethodsWe analysed a cross-sectional subsample of 5976 ever-partnered women aged 18–29 years from the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights Violence Against Women Survey, 2012. The main outcomes were current physical and/or sexual IPV and lifetime psychological-only IPV. Risk factors were assessed by the prevalence ratio (PR) from multilevel Poisson regression models.ResultsCurrent prevalence of physical and/or sexual IPV was 6.1%, lifetime prevalence of psychological-only IPV was 28.7%. Having suffered physical and/or sexual abuse by an adult before age 15 was the strongest risk factor for IPV (PR: 2.9 for physical and/or sexual IPV, PR: 1.5 for psychological-only IPV). Other individual risk factors were: perceived major difficulties in living within their household income (PR: 2.6), having children (PR: 1.8) and age 18–24 years (PR: 1.5) for physical/sexual IPV and immigration background for psychological-only IPV (PR: 1.4). Living in countries with a higher prevalence of binge drinking or early school dropout was positively associated with IPV.ConclusionsFindings show that the fight against violence in young women should consider individual characteristics, childhood experiences of abuse and also structural interventions including reduction of alcohol consumption and improvement in the education-related indicators.

Intimate Partner Violence and Psychological Distress Among Young Couples: The Role of the Pattern of Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-562
Author(s):  
Josette Sader ◽  
Camille Roy ◽  
Stéphane Guay
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sem Analyses

The objective of this study was to assess whether the psychological distress of young men and women involved in intimate partner violence (IPV) is predicted by their reported role in the pattern of violence. Dyadic structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses were performed on a sample of 205 young couples, controlling for income, cohabitation, children, and the length of the relationship. Findings revealed that the most common reported pattern of IPV was mutual in nature. Reported bidirectional violence within the couple was related to distress for both sexes. The couple’s income and the length of their relationship were negatively associated with psychological distress, namely for young women. Findings point to the importance of considering therapy in a couple-context.

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