Relationship Between Spouse Abuse and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Predictors of Domestic Violence in Women Visiting Comprehensive Urban Health Service Centers in Birjand

Background: Spouse abuse is a major human problem in various communities, which not only has legal aspects but also considerably affects family as the primary social institution. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between spouse abuse and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and identify the predictors of domestic violence in women visiting comprehensive urban health services centers in Birjand, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 475 women visiting comprehensive urban health services centers in Birjand were selected via the cluster sampling method. Data was collected using a demographics form, Samuee’s Standard Spouse Abuse Scale, and Rabie’s Behavioral Measurement Scale for obsessive-compulsive disorder. The collected data was entered into SPSS 16 and analyzed using MannWhitney, Kruskal Wallis, and Spearman non-parametric tests. The level of significance was set at α = 5%. Results: The mean scores of OCD and domestic violence in the studied women were 9.7 ± 5.1 and 77.1 ± 27.9, respectively. Of all the participants, 86.5% had experienced mild violence, 9.3% moderate violence, and 4.2% severe spousal violence. Moreover, 42.9% of women were suffering from OCD. The mean score of violence was significantly higher in addicted women, women with OCD, and women with unemployed, loweducated, or addicted spouses (P < 0.05). Furthermore, women who had a history of family conflict or parental conflict were significantly influenced by violent, high-risk, and arrogant behaviors of the spouse. The mean score of violence was significantly correlated with some components of OCD, age of women and their spouses, and duration of marriage (P < 0.05). Obsessive-compulsive disorder was determined as a good predictor of violence against women (P < 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that numerous psychological problems of women, such as anxiety and OCD, can be attributed to family violence. On the other hand, anxiety and OCD can increase the level of incompatibility in women and make them more vulnerable to violence. Therefore, the identification of cases of violence and spouse abuse and the timely detection and treatment of OCD in women can ensure the physical, emotional, and psychological security of women in a family, and thereby contribute to the stability of the family and community and reduce social harms.

Effect of Psychoeducation Group Training Based on Problem-Solving Skills for Women Experiencing Bipolar Spouse Abuse

Aim: Wives of patients with bipolar disorder as informal caregivers are at high risk for spouse abuse and need to learn coping strategies such as problem-solving skills to manage problematic situations. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the psychoeducation group training based on problem-solving skills for women experiencing bipolar spouse abuse.Methods: A randomized clinical trial design was used for this study. In intervention group, women experiencing bipolar spouse abuse participated in four problem-solving skills training sessions and women in two groups (intervention = 30 and control = 30) completed the Index of Spouse Abuse at baseline and after 2 months.Results: The results indicated that changes in abuse scores (physical, non-physical and total of Index of Spouse Abuse) after the intervention were significantly different among the two groups (p &lt; 0.0001). Although abuse scores decreased in both the intervention and the control groups, but lower abuse scores in the intervention than control group were statistically significant.Conclusion: Our findings support that the problem-solving skills training intervention can help to decrease the women experience of bipolar spouse abuse.

The Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation in the Relationship of Early Maladaptive Schemas With Spouse Abuse

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship of early maladaptive schemas with spouse abuse. Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 324 married adults (226 females, 98 males) living in Tehran, Iran in 2017 were selected using a convenience sampling technique. They completed the revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS-2), the Young Scale Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF), and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) in AMOS software. Results: The results of SEM showed a direct significant path from early maladaptive schemas to cognitive emotional regulation, and from cognitive emotional regulation to spouse abuse. There were also significant indirect paths from the first, second, and third domains of early maladaptive schemas to spouse abuse mediated by negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies with a path coefficients of 0.13, 0.16, and 0.13, respectively. The final structural model was a good-fitting model (X2/dF=1.595, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.045, Comparative Fit Index =0.953). Conclusion: The relationship between early maladaptive schemas and spouse abuse is not linear; it is mediated by cognitive emotion regulation.

Asertividad una forma de prevención de riesgo de violencia en la Parroquia de Santa Rosa de la Provincia de Tungurahua

En los últimos años el nivel de violencia intrafamiliar en el Ecuador ha aumentado significativamente, pese a esta circunstancia las estrategias de prevención de riesgo de esta problemática no responden con la misma eficacia. En la ciudad de Ambato durante el 2017 el Hospital General Docente Ambato atendió hasta la fecha 1242 casos de violencia física y 165 de agresión sexual. El objetivo de la investigación es determinar el tipo de asertividad que presenta la población de estudio en relación con el nivel de riesgo de violencia generado dentro del entorno familiar en la Parroquia Santa Rosa de la Provincia de Tungurahua, la metodología aplicada fue descriptiva con corte transversal con diseño investigativo de acción participativa, la población de estudio fue de 1518 personas en las cuales se aplicó la escala multidimensional de asertividad (EMA) y la de valoración de riesgo en su acrónimo inglés Spouse Abuse Risk Assessment (SARA), se aplicó estadística descriptiva e inferencial utilizando métodos de asociación a través de Odd Ratio (OR). Los resultados se tiene que las personas que presentan mayor nivel de riesgo de sufrir violencia son quienes no son asertivos y tienen asertividad indirecta; mientras que aquellas personas que son asertivas corren menos riesgo de ser víctimas de violencia. Como conclusión se establece que la violencia aqueja a todo tipo de población, no estima ningún tipo de condición, pero es un elemento fundamental el componente sicológico de cada individuo, por lo que es necesario realizar un trabajo de concientización sobre el tema.

Batterer Intervention Programs

Since the mid-1970s, Western-leaning nations have focused on measuring and responding swiftly and punitively to domestic violence in all of its many forms (e.g., child abuse, spouse abuse, elder mistreatment). Within this arena, many advocates, academics, governmental staff, and legislatures have focused their attention on addressing what is now generally labeled intimate partner violence (a.k.a., wife abuse, domestic violence, spouse assault, batterer). While significant resources have gone toward understanding the victims’ experiences and providing them with both justice and comprehensive services, a similar focus has not existed for understanding and effectively intervening with the perpetrators of this violence. Within this space, just two questions have garnered the most interest among scholars and advocates. The first question is whether criminal sanctions, particularly the use of arrest, specifically deter future violence. The second is whether the perpetrators’ participation in a therapeutic batterer intervention program (BIP), particularly following a court order, reduces their likelihood of future violence. This bibliography focuses on studies that assess BIPs, specifically those designed to test whether BIPs reduce violence between intimate partners. It provides a general overview of BIPs, a section describing the development of the Duluth BIP, a review of BIP outcome and attrition studies, and a discussion of recent developments regarding the nature of these interventions.

How Substance Problems Affect Individual Family Members

The effects of SUDs on family members are well documented. Some people grow stronger through exposure to an SUD in their family despite negative effects. They show resilience. There is evidence that children of parents with an SUD are at higher risk for problems than are children whose parents do not have an SUD. Problems include those related to substance use, health or mental health, trouble with the law, and problems at work or in school. Parental SUDs underlie many family problems such as divorce, spouse abuse, child abuse and neglect, welfare dependence, and criminal behaviors. Studies show that women who use alcohol or drugs during pregnancy are more likely to have premature births.