scholarly journals Stimulated saliva composition in patients with cancer of the head and neck region

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrica Almhöjd ◽  
Hulya Cevik-Aras ◽  
Niclas Karlsson ◽  
Jin Chuncheng ◽  
Annica Almståhl
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Abstract Background To analyse over time changes in stimulated whole saliva regarding total protein, Immunoglobulin A (IgA), and mucin type O-glycans (mostly MUC5B and MUC7) in head and neck cancer patients. Methods 29 dentate patients (20 men and 9 women, 59 ± 8 years) treated with curative radiation therapy and chemotherapy for cancer of the head and neck region were included. The stimulated whole salivary secretion rate was determined and saliva collected at four time-points: at pretreatment, and at 6 months, 1 and 2 years post treatment. The total protein concentration was determined spectrophotometrically by using Bicinchoninic Acid assay and Immunoglobulin A (IgA) by using ELISA technique. Glycosylation pattern of salivary mucins was determined in samples collected pre- and post treatment by using LC/MS electrospray and mucin content quantified using SDS-AgPAGE gels and PAS staining. Results Compared with pretreatment, the total protein concentration was increased already at 6 months post treatment (p < 0.01), and continued to increase up to 2 years post treatment (p < 0.001). During that period no significant changes in IgA concentration was detected. At pretreatment, the output/min of both total protein and IgA was significantly higher than at all time-points post treatment. Saliva from the cancer patients showed a low abundance/no detectable MUC7, while the MUC5B level remained, compared to saliva from a healthy control. The glycomic analysis showed that the percentage of core 2 O-glycans was increased as core 1, 3 and 4 O-glycans were decreased. The level of sialylation was higher at 6 months post treatment, while sulfation was lower. Conclusion A decreased output per minute of proteins at decreased salivary secretion rate, as well as reduced sulfation of MUC5B at 6 months post treatment tended to correlate with the patients’ experience of sticky saliva and oral dryness. At 2 years post treatment, the decreased amount of IgA combined with a lowered salivary secretion rate indicate a reduced oral defense with increased risk of oral infections.

scholarly journals Switching to normal diet reverses kwashiorkor-induced salivary impairments via increased nitric oxide level and expression of aquaporin 5 in the submandibular glands of male Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
Taye Jemilat Lasisi ◽  
Shehu Tijani Shittu ◽  
Akinola Rasak Alada
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Nitric Oxide Level

Kwashiorkor, a form of malnutrition, has been shown to cause impaired salivary secretion. However, there is dearth of information on the mechanism that underlies this complication. Also, whether returning to normal diet after kwashiorkor will reverse these complications or not is yet to be discerned. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the mechanisms that underlie kwashiorkor-induced salivary impairments and to evaluate the effects of switching back to normal-diet on kwashiorkor-induced salivary impairments. Weaning rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (control group, kwashiorkor group (KG), re-fed kwashiorkor group (RKG)) of 7 rats each. The control group had standard rat chow while the KG and RKG were fed 2% protein diet for 6 weeks to induce kwashiorkor. The RKG had their diet changed to standard rat-chow for another 6 weeks. Blood and stimulated saliva samples were collected for the analysis of total protein, electrolytes, amylase, immunoglobulin A (IgA) secretion rate, leptin, and ghrelin. Tissue total protein, nitric oxide level, expressions of Na+/K+-ATPase, muscarinic (M3) receptor, and aquaporin 5 in the submandibular glands were also determined. Data were presented as means ± SEM and compared using ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. RKG showed improved salivary function evidenced by reduced salivary lag-time and potassium and increased flow rate, sodium, amylase, IgA secretion rate, leptin, submandibular nitric oxide level, and aquaporin 5 expression compared with KG. This study for the first time demonstrated that kwashiorkor caused significant reduction in salivary secretion through reduction of nitric oxide level and aquaporin 5 expression in submandibular salivary glands. Normal-diet re-feeding after kwashiorkor returned salivary secretion to normal.

Elevated Serum Secretory Immunoglobulin a Levels in Patients with Head and Neck Carcinoma

1983 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuneo Watanabe ◽  
J. Dirk Iglehart ◽  
Dani P. Bolognesi ◽  
Edwin B. Cox ◽  
Anna Vaughn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Head And Neck Carcinoma ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Neck Carcinoma ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

Secretory immunoglobulin A (SlgA) is a major component of the secretory immune system and has been demonstrated in the sera of patients with various pathologic conditions. Current studies were undertaken to quantitate secretory components (SC) in sera of patients with squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region by means of a sensitive double-antibody radioimmunoassay. Patients with head and neck carcinoma were found to have threefold higher levels of SC (1.54 ± 0.74 mg/ml) compared to normal controls (0.51 ± 0.22mg/ml, P < .0001). Of interest was that the sera of patients who had successfully been treated 2 to 6 months prior to the study demonstrated statistically lower levels than those of patients with untreated carcinoma or recurrent disease. SC in sera appears to be in the form of SlgA. The origin and diagnostic significance of SC are briefly discussed.

Increased Gamma Globulin Following Immunotherapy with Sipuleucel-T Is Associated with Antigen-Specific Antibody Responses

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 1738-1738
Author(s):  
Robert B. Sims ◽  
Mark H. Wener ◽  
Corazon P. dela Rosa ◽  
Lisa R. C. Lin ◽  
Nadeem A. Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Abstract 1738 Sipuleucel-T is an autologous cellular immunotherapy for the treatment of asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer. Sipuleucel-T consists of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), including antigen presenting cells (APCs), that have been activated with a recombinant human protein, PAP-GM-CSF (prostatic acid phosphatase [PAP] linked to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]). It is prepared from cells collected by leukaphereses at Weeks 0, 2, and 4 and infused approximately 3 days following each leukapheresis. In the IMPACT study, 512 patients were randomized (2:1) to sipuleucel-T or control (non-activated autologous PBMCs). Serum samples were collected at Baseline and Weeks 6, 14, and 26, and were analyzed for routine clinical chemistry tests in a comprehensive metabolic panel, which included total protein and albumin. In selected samples, serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and densitometry were performed using the Sebia automated electrophoresis system. We observed elevated total protein at Weeks 6 and 14 in sipuleucel-T patients only. At Week 6, 10.0% (28/279) of sipuleucel-T patients with a normal baseline total protein concentration had an elevated total protein concentration (upper limit of normal [ULN] = 7.9 to 8.5 g/dL, depending on age) compared with 0% (0/140) of control patients. At Week 14, 10.4% (19/183) of sipuleucel-T patients with a normal baseline total protein had an elevated total protein compared with 0% (0/86) of control patients. Albumin levels were not elevated at Week 6 following treatment (0.4% ½84 of sipuleucel-T patients with a normal baseline albumin concentration had increases in post-treatment serum albumin), indicating that the changes in total protein were due to elevations in serum globulin. In sipuleucel-T patients, there was a positive correlation between the maximum globulin protein elevations (total protein minus albumin) and the magnitude of antibody titers to PAP-GM-CSF at Week 6 (n = 126; P = 0.001) and Week 14 (n = 85; P = 0.002). Samples from sipuleucel-T patients for whom both a baseline and post-treatment sample were available and who fell within the upper 10th percentile of the total protein change (n = 13) were evaluated by SPEP. All of these patients had increased gamma globulin compared with baseline. Nine patients (69.2%) developed gamma globulin above the upper limit of normal (i.e., > 1.5 g/dL) which was not present at baseline. A correlation between gamma globulin elevations and antibody titers to PAP-GM-CSF in these patients (n = 9) was observed at Week 6 (r = 0.664, P = 0.051). These data demonstrate that elevated gamma globulin levels can develop following treatment with sipuleucel-T and were associated with the development of an antigen-specific humoral response. Disclosures: Sims: Dendreon Corp.: Employment. dela Rosa:Dendreon Corp.: Employment. Lin:Dendreon Corp.: Employment. Sheikh:Dendreon Corp.: Employment.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of oral propranolol for infantile hemangioma on the head and neck region: A case series

2021 ◽  
pp. 106120
Author(s):  
Prasetyanugraheni Kreshanti ◽  
Nandya Titania Putri ◽  
Valencia Jane Martin ◽  
Chaula Luthfia Sukasah
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Infantile Hemangioma ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Oral Propranolol

scholarly journals Therapeutic Strategies for Untreated Capillary Malformations of the Head and Neck Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonca Cinkara ◽  
Ginger Beau Langbroek ◽  
Chantal M. A. M. van der Horst ◽  
Albert Wolkerstorfer ◽  
Sophie E. R. Horbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Kimura disease: a rare cause of a recurrent cheek mass in a Jamaican man

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Williams ◽  
Carlos Neblett ◽  
Jade Arscott ◽  
Sheena McLean ◽  
Shereika Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Western World ◽  
Kimura Disease ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Abstract Kimura disease (KD) is a chronic, inflammatory, benign disorder endemic to Asia that typically manifests as a triad of painless masses in the head and neck region, elevated eosinophils and serum immunoglobulin. It usually affects young men in their second and third decades of life and is rarely seen outside of the orient. This is a report of a case of KD in a young man of African descent who presented with a cheek mass. KD was not included in our differential diagnosis, and this report highlights the need to consider this entity, which can be easily missed due to its rarity in the Western world. There is no cure for the disease, and management includes medical and surgical modalities, but local recurrence or relapse is not uncommon.

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