scholarly journals Oolong tea consumption and its interactions with a novel composite index on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Zheng Lin ◽  
Liping Huang ◽  
Huilin Chen ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Oolong Tea ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background No previous study has investigated the association between oolong tea consumption and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), we aim to elucidate the association between oolong tea consumption and ESCC and its joint effects with a novel composite index. Methods In a hospital-based case-control study, 646 cases of ESCC patients and 646 sex and age matched controls were recruited. A composite index was calculated to evaluate the role of demographic characteristics and life exposure factors in ESCC. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the point estimates between oolong tea consumption and risk of ESCC. Results No statistically significant association was found between oolong tea consumption and ESCC (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 0.94–2.05). However, drinking hot oolong tea associated with increased risk of ESCC (OR = 1.60, 95% Cl: 1.06–2.41). Furthermore, drinking hot oolong tea increased ESCC risk in the high-risk group (composite index> 0.55) (OR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.93–5.11), but not in the low-risk group (composite index≤0.55) (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.74–1.83). Drinking warm oolong tea did not influence the risk of ESCC. Conclusions No association between oolong tea consumption and risk of ESCC were found, however, drinking hot oolong tea significantly increased the risk of ESCC, especially in high-risk populations.

scholarly journals Mycotoxin exposure is associated with increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Huaian area, China

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy S. Xue ◽  
Lili Tang ◽  
Guiju Sun ◽  
Shaokang Wang ◽  
Xu Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Exposure Biomarker ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Areas

Abstract Background Consumption of moldy food has previously been identified as a risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in high-risk countries; however, what contributing roles these dietary carcinogenic mycotoxins play in the etiology of ESCC are largely unknown. Methods A mycotoxin biomarker-incorporated, population-based case-control study was performed in Huaian area, Jiangsu Province, one of the two high-risk areas in China. Exposure biomarkers of aflatoxins (AF) and fumonisins (FN) were quantitatively analyzed using HPLC-fluorescence techniques. Results Among the cases (n = 190), the median levels of AF biomarker, serum AFB1-lysine adduct, and FN biomarker, urinary FB1, were 1.77 pg/mg albumin and 176.13 pg/mg creatinine, respectively. Among the controls (n = 380), the median levels of AFB1-lysine adduct and urinary FB1 were 1.49 pg/mg albumin and 56.92 pg/mg creatinine, respectively. These mycotoxin exposure biomarker levels were significantly higher in cases as compared to controls (p <  0.05 and 0.01, respectively). An increased risk to ESCC was associated with exposure to both AFB1 and FB1 (p <  0.001 for both). Conclusions Mycotoxin exposure, especially to AFB1 and FB1, was associated with the risk of ESCC, and a greater-than-additive interaction between co-exposures to these two mycotoxins may contribute to the increased risk of ESCC in Huaian area, China.

RA07.03: NON-ENDOSCOPIC SCREENING FOR ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: INTERIM ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Maunil Bhatt ◽  
Parth Shah ◽  
Fenil Gandhi ◽  
Parth Patel ◽  
Dhwani Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Interim Analysis ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Western India ◽  
Betel Nut ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma(ESCC) comprises 90% of esophageal cancer worldwide which typically presents at advanced stages and has extremely poor outcomes. Established risk factors for ESCC include tobacco, alcohol and betel nut use. We hypothesized that a screening program for high risk subjects could be established in a low- to middle-income country, using a low-cost, non-endoscopic, retrievable capsule sponge device called EsophaCap(EC). Methods The Institutional Review Board-approved study was conducted in western India from March 2017 through February 2018. Patients with high risk characteristics(smoking, tobacco, betel nut, alcohol, hot beverage consumption) were included. Patients with severe dysphagia, current upper aerodigestive tract cancer, metastatic cancer, esophageal varices, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension were excluded. Following EC specimen retrieval, endoscopic biopsies were collected at 20cm, 30cm and from any visible mucosal abnormalities. Cytology and biopsy specimens underwent H&E staining. An interim analysis was performed to make necessary changes given the lack of baseline data in this field. Results Of the 100 enrolled subjects(85% males, median age 50 years), 93% successfully swallowed the EC and 90% completed endoscopy. The median patient experience score on a 6-point visual analog scale was 5(‘minimal discomfort’). Six(7%) subjects had ESCC on their biopsy. In 2 ESCC patients with mild dysphagia, sponge cytology accurately detected atypical squamous cells(ASC) and dysplasia(100% Sensitivity & Specificity). The other 4 ESCC patients had moderate dysphagia with a near-complete obstruction. In 2 asymptomatic patients with no mucosal abnormalities on endoscopy or biopsies, sponge cytology detected ASC. Longitudinal follow-up of these patients is ongoing. On biopsies from twenty-one(23%) patients, leukoplakia was identified. Conclusion ESCC screening using the EC is feasible with good patient tolerance. Analysis of the cytology samples with H&E staining is potentially accurate for patients with non-obstructive lesions but has a high false negative rate in patients with advanced lesions, when the EC can’t traverse the obstruction. An unusually high rate of leukoplakia was detected in this population and will be evaluated as a potentially pre-malignant lesion with increased risk for development of ESCC. Future studies will include high-throughput sequencing to identify molecular changes that may correspond with leukoplakia or dysplastic cells retrieved with the EC. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals A Novel Clinical Six-Flavoprotein-Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Liu Peng ◽  
Jin-Cheng Guo ◽  
Lin Long ◽  
Feng Pan ◽  
Jian-Mei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Low Risk

Flavoproteins and their interacting proteins play important roles in mitochondrial electron transport, fatty acid degradation, and redox regulation. However, their clinical significance and function in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are little known. Here, using survival analysis and machine learning, we mined 179 patient expression profiles with ESCC in GSE53625 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and constructed a signature consisting of two flavoprotein genes (GPD2 and PYROXD2) and four flavoprotein interacting protein genes (CTTN, GGH, SRC, and SYNJ2BP). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed the signature was significantly associated with the survival of ESCC patients (mean survival time: 26.77 months in the high-risk group vs. 54.97 months in the low-risk group, P<0.001, n = 179), and time-dependent ROC analysis demonstrated that the six-gene signature had good predictive ability for six-year survival for ESCC (AUC = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.81–0.90). We then validated its prediction performance in an independent set by RT-PCR (mean survival: 15.73 months in the high-risk group vs. 21.1 months in the low-risk group, P=0.032, n = 121). Furthermore, RNAi-mediated knockdown of genes in the flavoprotein signature led to decreased proliferation and migration of ESCC cells. Taken together, CTTN, GGH, GPD2, PYROXD2, SRC, and SYNJ2BP have an important clinical significance for prognosis of ESCC patients, suggesting they are efficient prognostic markers and potential targets for ESCC therapy.

scholarly journals A prognostic model for stratification of stage IB/IIA esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei-Lei Wu ◽  
Qi-Long Ma ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Li-Hong Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Prognostic Score ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Stage Ib ◽  
Ptnm Stage

Abstract Background To explore the postoperative prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with stage IB/IIA, using a prognostic score (PS). Methods Stage IB/IIA ESCC patients who underwent esophagectomy from 1999 to 2010 were included. We retrospectively recruited 153 patients and extracted their medical records. Moreover, we analyzed the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression of their paraffin tissue. The cohort were randomly divided into a training group (N = 123) and a validation group (N = 30). We selected overall survival (OS) as observed endpoint. Prognostic factors with a multivariable two-sided P < 0.05 met standard of covariate inclusion. Results Univariable and multivariable analyses identified pTNM stage, the number of lymph nodes (NLNs) and PD-L1 expression as independent OS predictors. Primary prognostic score which comprised above three covariates adversely related with OS in two cohorts. PS discrimination of OS was comparable between the training and internal validation cohorts (C-index = 0.774 and 0.801, respectively). In addition, the PS system had an advantage over pTNM stage in the identification of high-risk patients (C-index = 0.774 vs. C-index = 0.570, P < 0.001). Based on PS cutoff, training and validation datasets generated low-risk and high-risk groups with different OS. Our three-factor PS predicted OS (low-risk subgroup vs. high-risk subgroup 60-month OS, 74% vs. 23% for training cohort and 83% vs. 45% for validation cohort). Conclusion Our study suggested a PS for significant clinical stratification of IB/IIA ESCC to screen out subgroups with poor prognosis.

scholarly journals A TP53 mutation model for the prediction of prognosis and therapeutic responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Congyu Shi ◽  
Shan Liu ◽  
Xudong Tian ◽  
Xiaoyi Wang ◽  
Pan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Mutation Model ◽  
Therapeutic Responses

Abstract Background Tumor protein p53 (TP53) is the most frequently mutated gene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), and TP53 mutations are associated with inhibited immune signatures and poor prognosis. We established a TP53 mutation associated risk score model to evaluate the prognosis and therapeutic responses of patients with HNSC. Methods Differentially expressed genes between patients with and without TP53 mutations were determined by using data from the HNSC cohort in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Patients with HNSC were divided into high- and low-risk groups based on a prognostic risk score that was generated from ten TP53 mutation associated genes via the multivariate Cox regression model. Results TP53 was the most common mutant gene in HNSC, and TP53 mutations were associated with immunogenic signatures, including the infiltration of immune cells and expression of immune-associated genes. Patients in the high-risk group had significantly poorer overall survival than those in the low-risk group. The high-risk group showed less response to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy but high sensitivity to some chemotherapies. Conclusion The risk score based on our TP53 mutation model was associated with poorer survival and could act as a specific predictor for assessing prognosis and therapeutic response in patients with HNSC.

A Four-gene Autophagy-related Prognostic Signature and Its Association With Immune Landscape in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lumeng Luo ◽  
Minghe Lv ◽  
Xuan Li ◽  
Tiankui Qiao ◽  
Kuaile Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Low Risk

Abstract Background: Recent advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically changed the therapeutic strategy against lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). In the era of immunotherapy, effective biomarkers to better predict outcomes and inform treatment decisions for patients diagnosed with LUSC are urgently needed. We hypothesized that immune contexture of LUSC is potentially dictated by tumor intrinsic events, such as autophagy. Thus, we attempted to construct an autophagy-related risk signature and examine its prediction value for immune phenotype in LUSC.Method: The expression profile of LUSC was obtained from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database and the profile of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) was extracted. The survival‑related ARGs (sARGs) was screened out through survival analyses. Random forest was performed to select the sARGs and construct a prognostic risk signature based on these sARGs. The signature was further validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Cox regression. GEO dataset was used as an independent testing dataset. Patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk group based on the risk score. Then, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted between the two groups. The Single-Sample GSEA (ssGSEA) was introduced to quantify the relative infiltration of immune cells. The correlations between risk score and several main immune checkpoints were examined. And the ESTIMATE algorithm was used to calculate the estimate/immune/stromal scores of the LUSC. Results: Four ARGs (CFLAR, RGS19, PINK1 and CTSD) with the most significant prognostic values were enrolled to construct the risk signature. Patients in high-risk group had better prognosis than the low-risk group (P < 0.0001 in TCGA; P < 0.01 in GEO) and considered as an independent prognosis factor. We also found that high-risk group indicated an immune-suppression status and had higher levels of infiltrating regulatory T cells and macrophages, which are correlated with worse outcome. Besides, risk score showed a significantly positive correlation with the expression of PD-1 and CTLA4, as well as estimate score and immune score.Conclusion: This study established a novel autophagy-related four-gene prognostic risk signature, and the autophagy-related scores are associated with immune landscape of LUSC, with higher score indicating a stronger immune-suppression status.

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