scholarly journals Implementation of a structured emergency nursing framework results in significant cost benefit

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Curtis ◽  
Prabhu Sivabalan ◽  
David S. Bedford ◽  
Julie Considine ◽  
Alfa D’Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Emergency Nursing ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Patient Deterioration ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Implementation Costs ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Patients are at risk of deterioration on discharge from an emergency department (ED) to a ward, particularly in the first 72 h. The implementation of a structured emergency nursing framework (HIRAID) in regional New South Wales (NSW), Australia, resulted in a 50% reduction of clinical deterioration related to emergency nursing care. To date the cost implications of this are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine any net financial benefits arising from the implementation of the HIRAID emergency nursing framework. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted between March 2018 and February 2019 across two hospitals in regional NSW, Australia. Costs associated with the implementation of HIRAID at the study sites were calculated using an estimate of initial HIRAID implementation costs (AUD) ($492,917) and ongoing HIRAID implementation costs ($134,077). Equivalent savings per annum (i.e. in less patient deterioration) were calculated using projected estimates of ED admission and patient deterioration episodes via OLS regression with confidence intervals for incremental additional deterioration costs per episode used as the basis for scenario analysis. Results The HIRAID-equivalent savings per annum exceed the costs of implementation under all scenarios (Conservative, Expected and Optimistic). The estimated preliminary savings to the study sites per annum was $1,914,252 with a payback period of 75 days. Conservative projections estimated a net benefit of $1,813,760 per annum by 2022–23. The state-wide projected equivalent savings benefits of HIRAID equalled $227,585,008 per annum, by 2022–23. Conclusions The implementation of HIRAID reduced costs associated with resources consumed from patient deterioration episodes. The HIRAID-equivalent savings per annum to the hospital exceed the costs of implementation across a range of scenarios, and upscaling would result in significant patient and cost benefit.

scholarly journals Implementation of A Structured Emergency Nursing Framework Results in Significant Cost Benefit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Curtis ◽  
Prabhu Sivabalan ◽  
David S. Bedford ◽  
Julie Considine ◽  
Alfa D’Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Emergency Nursing ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Patient Deterioration ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Implementation Costs ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Patients are at risk of deterioration on discharge from an emergency department (ED) to a ward, particularly in the first 72 hours. The implementation of a structured emergency nursing framework (HIRAID) in regional New South Wales (NSW), Australia, resulted in a 50% reduction of clinical deterioration related to emergency nursing care. To date the cost implications of this are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine any net financial benefits arising from the implementation of the HIRAID emergency nursing framework. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted between March 2018 and February 2019 across two hospitals in regional NSW, Australia. Costs associated with the implementation of HIRAID at the study sites were calculated using an estimate of initial HIRAID implementation costs (AUD) ($492,917) and ongoing HIRAID implementation costs ($134,077). Equivalent savings (i.e. in less patient deterioration) were calculated using projected estimates of ED admission and patient deterioration episodes via OLS regression with confidence intervals for incremental additional deterioration costs per episode used as the basis for scenario analysis. Results The HIRAID-equivalent savings exceed the costs of implementation under all scenarios (Conservative, Expected and Optimistic). The estimated preliminary savings to the study sites was $1,914,252 with a payback period of 75 days. Conservative projections estimated a net benefit of $1,813,760 per annum by 2022-23. The state-wide projected equivalent savings benefits of HIRAID equalled $227,585,008 per annum, by 2022-23. Conclusions The implementation of HIRAID reduced costs associated with resources consumed from patient deterioration episodes. The HIRAID-equivalent savings exceed the costs of implementation across a range of scenarios, and upscaling would result in significant patient and cost benefit.

scholarly journals Cost-benefit Analysis of Seedling Production on Floating Beds in a Few Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Mohammod Akbar Kabir ◽  
Md. Moniruzzaman ◽  
Kawsar Jahan ◽  
Md. Shahjahan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Government Aid ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The Cost

The aim of this study was to calculate the cost benefit analysis and economic viability of seedling production on the floating bed at Nazirpur Upazila in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh. The study area was selected purposively and 50 households (HHs) were surveyed through purposive sampling technique from a population of 80 households. From the results of those primary data, it was found that 68% farmers were engaged in seedling production as business purpose, and 30% as both own and business, 21 vegetables and spices seedlings were cultivated in the studied area. Average per square meter cost for floating seedling cultivation found BDT (Bangladeshi taka) 281 and benefit was BDT 401. The net benefit of floating agriculture found BDT 120 and with a BCR of 1.43. Income from floating seedlings mainly utilized in winter vegetable cultivation (Kandi), mainstream agriculture, business, house development and land purchase etc. Fifty percent (50%) of the floating farmers mentioned various constraints regarding floating seedling production such as lack of government aid, higher interest from NGOs and lack of capital. Among the surveyed respondents, 64% agreed that floating cultivation is effective to combat climate change and 76% replied as beneficial to the environment. Although floating agriculture is an indigenous age-old practice in the South-western region of Bangladesh, it can be replicated with the help of subsidy and agro-technology.

Environmental costs and their impact on the net present value of a hydro-electric project in Kerala, India

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Santhakumar ◽  
Achin Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents the operational procedures involved in incorporating the environmental costs in the cost–benefit analysis of a hydro-electric project. The proposed project, if implemented, would result in the loss of 2,800 hectares of tropical forests and dislocation of two settlements of about 200 families who are currently dependent on the forests for their livelihood. The forests are mainly used for extracting reed – a material used both by traditional artisans and the paper-pulp industry. The potential environmental costs and benefits of the project are identified and approximate estimates of some of these costs are made for items such as carbon sequestration, bio-diversity, and so on, based on similar estimates made elsewhere. These estimated environmental costs are incorporated into the analysis, and the hypothetical estimate of the non-use value, which would make the project's net benefit zero, is estimated under different discount rates. The analysis brings into sharp focus some crucial factors that have a direct bearing on the social trade-off involved in the project choice.

scholarly journals A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Gown Use in Controlling Vancomycin-ResistantEnterococcusTransmission Is It Worth the Price?

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Puzniak ◽  
Kathleen N. Gillespie ◽  
Terry Leet ◽  
Marin Kollef ◽  
Linda M. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
The Cost

AbstractObjective:To determine the net benefit and costs associated with gown use in preventing transmission of van-comycin-resistantEnterococcus(VRE).Design:A cost-benefit analysis measuring the net benefit of gowns was performed. Benefits, defined as averted costs from reduced VRE colonization and infection, were estimated using a matched cohort study. Data sources included a step-down cost allocation system, hospital informatics, and microbiology databases.Setting:The medical intensive care unit (MICU) at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri.Patients:Patients admitted to the MICU for more than 24 hours from July 1, 1997, to December 31, 1999.Interventions:Alternating periods when all healthcare workers and visitors were required to wear gowns and gloves versus gloves alone on entry to the rooms of patients colonized or infected with VRE.Results:On base-case analysis, 58 VRE cases were averted with gown use during 18 months. The annual net benefit of the gown policy was $419,346 and the cost per case averted of VRE was $1,897. The analysis was most sensitive to the level of VRE transmission.Conclusions:Infection control policies (eg, gown use) initially increase the cost of health services delivery. However, such policies can be cost saving by averting nosocomial infections and the associated costs of treatment. The cost savings to the hospital plus the benefits to patients and their families of avoiding nosocomial infections make effective infection control policies a good investment.

Cost–benefit evaluation of a decentralized water system for wastewater reuse and environmental protection

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1515-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chen ◽  
X. C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Water System ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Benefit Evaluation ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
The Cost

This paper proposed a net benefit value (NBV) model for cost–benefit evaluation of wastewater treatment and reuse projects, and attention was mainly paid to decentralized systems which are drawing wide interests all over the world especially in the water-deficient countries and regions. In the NBV model, all the factors related to project costs are monetary ones which can be calculated by using traditional methods, while many of the factors related to project benefits are non-monetary ones which need sophisticated methods for monetization. In this regard, the authors elaborated several methods for monetization of the benefits from wastewater discharge reduction, local environment improvement, and human health protection. The proposed model and methods were applied for the cost–benefit evaluation of a decentralized water reclamation and reuse project in a newly developed residential area in Xi'an, China. The system with dual-pipe collection and grey water treatment and reuse was found to be economically ineligible (NBV > 0) when all the treated water is reused for artificial pond replenishment, gardening and other non-potable purposes by taking into account the benefit of water saving. As environmental benefits are further considered, the economic advantage of the project is more significant.

On the Optimization of Cholesterol Screening

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Milsum
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Cholesterol Screening ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Marker Level

Total serum cholesterol is a major risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Some guidelines have been published regarding treatment levels. However, before implementing cholesterol screening, the costs and benefits should be analyzed as a function of cholesterol level. Analysis is readily implemented on microcomputer spreadsheets using decision tree analysis. Because it is very difficult to establish some of the costs satisfactorily, the facility of spreadsheets in performing sensitivity analysis is crucial. Here, plausible numerical values are used as “default” conditions for estimating in a preliminary way the costs and benefits of a putative screening-intervention program. The cost-benefit condition remains very close to optimal over the range 200-240 mg/dl for cholesterol marker level. The optimal condition may shift considerably when the default parameter values are altered. With the default values, the maximal net benefit is around 5% of the estimated current costs of CHD deaths without screening.

scholarly journals Economic Impact and Cost Benefit of the Inpatient Clinical Pharmacist Interventions in Cancer Care Units

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Abushanab ◽  
Amaal Gulied ◽  
Anas Hamad ◽  
Palli Valappila Abdul Rouf ◽  
Moza Al Hail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacist ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background: Clinical pharmacists play a key role in ensuring the optimum use of cancer medicines. Yet, the economic benefit of this role has never been assessed in Qatar. Aim: To evaluate the overall economic impact of clinical pharmacist interventions in the main cancer care setting in Qatar. Methods: From the public healthcare perspective, this was an analysis of the total economic benefit and a cost-benefit analysis of the clinical pharmacy interventions. As a study sample size, patient records in March 2018, July/August 2018, and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed at the National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Qatar. The total benefit from interventions was the total of the cost avoidance due to preventable adverse drug events (ADEs) plus the cost savings associated with therapeutic interventions. The interventions cost was based on salary and increased cost due to therapeutic interventions. The cost-benefit analysis results were presented via net benefit and benefit‐to‐cost ratio measures. Results : Total of 1,352 interventions occurred during the 3-month follow-up period. The total benefit was QAR 196,010,360 (USD53,834,206), constituting cost avoidance of QAR 194,764,534 (USD 53,492,040) and cost savings of QAR 1,245,826 (USD 342,166), mostly due to recommending additional medications and the medication dose reduction. The benefit-to-cost ratio was 174:1 and the annual net benefit was QAR 779,539,440 (USD 214,100,351). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of results. Conclusion: The clinical pharmacist intervention is a cost-beneficial practice in the NCCCR setting, associated with ADEs prevention and substantial economic benefits, including relative to the interventions cost.

Fungicidal management of web blight of urdbean caused by Rhizoctonia solani

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani K. Basandra ◽  
Daisy Basandrai ◽  
B. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Breeder Seed ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Web Blight

Web blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani causes huge yield loses in urdbean (Vigna mungo). All the commercially grown varieties are susceptible. Hence, more than ten fungicides were evaluated as foliar sprays during kharif season 2005, 2007-2010 using susceptible variety UL 338. Two foliar sprays of fungicides, namely; hexaconazole 5EC (Contaf 5EC)@ 0.1%, difenconazole 25EC (Score 25EC) @ 0.05%, carbendazim 50WP (Bavastin 50WP) @ 0.1% and propiconazole 25EC (Tilt 25EC) @ 0.1% significantly reduced the disease severity resulting in 81.1, 80.6, 65.9 and 76.2% control over unsprayed check with corresponding mean yield of 872, 821, 791 and 754 kg/ha compared with the mean yield of 584 kg /ha in unsprayed control . The net benefit for the two foliar sprays of hexaconazole 5EC, difenconazole 25EC, propiconazole 25EC and carbendazim 50WP and chlorthalonil 50WP, has been worked out to be Rs.10229, 6891, 6375, 4524 and 3274, respectively for the crop grown for the grain purpose (@Rs. 4300/q) with the cost: benefit ratio of 5.8, 3.1, 2.6, 4.0 and 1.8, respectively. In the crop, grown for the breeder seed purpose (Rs.12000/q), the net profit for foliar sprays of hexaconazole 5EC, difenconazole 25EC, propiconazole 25EC, carbendazim 50WP and chlorthanonil was worked out to be Rs.32405, 25140, 17616, 22614 and 16980 respectively with cost: benefit ratio of 16.0, 8.6, 7.3, 11.2 and 4.9, respectively. The same trend was observed for foundation and certified seed also. The fungicides were effective in reducing the severity of powdery mildew also.

scholarly journals The importance of cost-benefit analysis: a response

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nicol ◽  
Michael Coen
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Institutional Investment ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operational Processes

The critique by Draper raises some interesting points that we did not have space to discuss in our published paper. As he points out, taking a purely quantitative approach to the evaluation of ICT investments in teaching and learning is wholly inappropriate. However, in this transitional period, where ICT applications are new and the effects on operational processes within higher education institutions are unknown, it is not only qualitative issues that need to be investigated but also the potential changes to the scope and nature of the costs incurred by institutions. While the small-scale, and localized, introduction of ICT in teaching might only affect the time and effort of a few individual academics, large-scale deployment of the same methodology may require substantial institutional investment (for example, in network infrastructure, hardware, licenses, support staff). The CBA model encourages institutions to consider and record all the cost implications of their strategies, not in an attempt to quantify the outputs (benefits) of these new learning processes but to identify and quantify the inputs to these processes. These quantitative inputs can then be evaluated in the context of qualitative outputs.DOI:10.1080/0968776030110311

Persuasion and Economic Efficiency: The Cost-Benefit Analysis of Banning Abortion

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianne Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Pareto Improvement ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

How do economists persuade their readers that one policy is superior to another? A glance at the literature on welfare economics quickly provides the answer to this question: Economists enter policy debates armed with mathematical models, evaluating options on the basis of their consequences. Economists typically classify a policy change as a welfare (or “potential Pareto”) improvement with respect to the status quo if the gain realized by the winners exceeds the harm sustained by the losers. The best policy becomes the one that generates the highest net benefit.

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