scholarly journals Clinicopathological and imaging features of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis in a dog – a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Canadas Sousa ◽  
Joana C. Santos ◽  
Clara Landolt ◽  
Catarina Gomes ◽  
Patrícia Dias-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis ◽  
Reticular Pattern ◽  
Pulmonary Parenchyma ◽  
Alveolar Microlithiasis ◽  
Ct Features

Abstract Background The aetiology of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) in animals is still unknown. In humans, this pulmonary disorder is a rare autosomal recessive disorder triggered by a mutation in the gene SLC34A2, which causes deposition and aggregation of calcium and phosphate in the pulmonary parenchyma with formation of microliths. Although histopathological examination is required for a definite diagnosis, in humans, imaging modalities such as computed tomography can demonstrate typical patterns of the disease. This is the first description of the computed tomographic (CT) features of a histologically confirmed PAM in dogs. Case presentation The following report describes a case of a 7-year-old female Boxer dog evaluated for paroxysmal loss of muscle tone and consciousness with excitement. The main differential diagnoses considered were syncope, seizures, and narcolepsy-cataplexy. The results of the complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, urinalysis, arterial blood pressure, echocardiography, abdominal ultrasound, Holter monitoring, and ECG were all within normal limits. Additional exams included thoracic radiographs, head and thorax CT, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and CT-guided cytology. Thoracic radiographs revealed micronodular calcifications in the lungs, with sandstorm appearance. Computed tomography of the thorax showed the presence of numerous mineralized high-density agglomerates of multiple sizes throughout the pulmonary parenchyma, a reticular pattern with ground glass opacity and intense mineralized fibrosis of the pleural lining. Head CT was unremarkable. BAL and CT-guided cytology were inconclusive, but imaging features strongly suggest the diagnosis of PAM, which was histologically confirmed after necropsy. Conclusions This case report contributes to the clinicopathological and imaging characterization of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis in dogs. In this species, the diagnosis of PAM should be considered when CT features evidence a reticular pattern with ground glass opacity and the presence of an elevated number and size of calcifications.

scholarly journals CT Findings in a Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia at Initial Presentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Xiang ◽  
Ji Lu ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Li Guan ◽  
Cheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Lung ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Reticular Pattern ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Ct Features

Background. COVID-19 first broke out in China and spread rapidly over the world. Objectives. To describe the CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia and to share our experience at initial diagnoses. Patients and Methods. Data from 53 patients (31 men, 22 women; mean age, 53 years; age range, 16-83 years) with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were collected. Their complete clinical data was reviewed, and their CT features were recorded and analyzed. Results. The average time between onset of illness and the initial CT scan was six days (range, 1-42 days). A total of 399 segments were involved and distributed bilaterally (left lung: 186 segments [46.6%], right lung: 213 segments [53.4%]) and peripherally (38 [71.7%] patients). Multiple lobes (45 [84.9%]) and bilateral lower lobes (left lower lobe: 104 [26.1%], right lower lobe: 107 [26.8%], and total: 211 [52.9%]) were the most commonly involved. Ground-glass opacity with consolidation (24 [45.3%]) and pure ground-glass opacity (28 [52.8%]) were the main findings. The other findings were crazy-paving (14 [26.4%]), bronchiectasis (12 [22.6%]), atelectasis (7 [13.2%]), parenchymal bands (6 [11.3%]), air bronchogram (6 [11.3%]), interlobular thickening (5 [9.4%]), reticular pattern (1 [1.9%]), and pleural effusion (1 [1.9%]). Conclusions. Most COVID-19 pneumonia patients had abnormalities on chest CT images at initial presentation. Imaging features combined with patient’s exposure history and onset symptoms could facilitate the identification of the suspected patient for further examinations.

PULMONARY ALVEOLAR MICROLITHIASIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND CASE REPORT OF A LUNG BIOPSY-CONFIRMED DISEASE IN AN INFANT

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
D.Yu. Ovsyannikov ◽  
◽  
O.V. Alekseeva ◽  
R.V. Taniya ◽  
P.A. Frolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Biopsy ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis ◽  
Alveolar Microlithiasis

The article provides up-to-date information on epidemiology, etiology, genetics, pathogenesis, pathomorphology, clinical manifestation, X-ray and computed tomography (CT) semiotics, features in childhood, treatment of a rare genetic interstitial lung disease – pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM). A clinical observation of a child with PAM manifestation, confirmed by lung biopsy in infancy, is presented. The results of X-ray and CT of the patient's chest organs are presented, the unique features of the course of the disease are listed.

scholarly journals Chest computed tomography imaging features in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052110106
Author(s):  
Hoda Salah Darwish ◽  
Mohamed Yasser Habash ◽  
Waleed Yasser Habash
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Bilateral Lesions

Objective To analyze computed tomography (CT) features of symptomatic patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods Ninety-five symptomatic patients with COVID-19 confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction from 1 May to 14 July 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Follow-up CT findings and their distributions were analyzed and compared from symptom onset to late-stage disease. Results Among all patients, 15.8% had unilateral lung disease and 84.2% had bilateral disease with slight right lower lobe predilection (47.4%). Regarding lesion density, 49.4% of patients had pure ground glass opacity (GGO) and 50.5% had GGO with consolidation. Typical early-stage patterns were bilateral lesions in 73.6% of patients, diffuse lesions (41.0%), and GGO (65.2%). Pleural effusion occurred in 13.6% and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in 11.5%. During intermediate-stage disease, 47.4% of patients showed GGO as the disease progressed; however, consolidation was the predominant finding (52.6%). Conclusion COVID-19 pneumonia manifested on lung CT scans with bilateral, peripheral, and right lower lobe predominance and was characterized by diffuse bilateral GGO progressing to or coexisting with consolidation within 1 to 3 weeks. The most frequent CT lesion in the early, intermediate, and late phases was GGO. Consolidation appeared in the intermediate phase and gradually increased, ending with reticular and lung fibrosis-like patterns.

14 A case report of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis with calcification in humeral neck

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Akihiko Kimura ◽  
T Matsuyama ◽  
J Takada ◽  
S Ishii ◽  
M Usui
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis ◽  
Alveolar Microlithiasis

scholarly journals PULMONARY ALVEOLAR MICROLITHIASIS IN PREGNANCY: A RARE CASE REPORT

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (98) ◽  
pp. 16387-16389
Author(s):  
Hemanta Kumar Sethy ◽  
Biswal Pradipta Trilochan ◽  
Geetanjali Panda ◽  
Milan Misra
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Alveolar Microlithiasis ◽  
In Pregnancy

Differential Diagnosis of Colonic Strictures: Pictorial Review with Illustrations from Computed Tomography Colonography

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Wan ◽  
Silvio G. Bruni ◽  
John A. Dufton ◽  
Paul O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Ct Colonography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Mount Sinai Hospital ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Ct Features

Strictures of the colon can lead to significant morbidity requiring surgical management. The etiology of strictures is broad and generally categorized as benign, malignant, or pseudostrictures. Computed tomography (CT) is a crucial imaging modality in the assessment and characterization of colonic pathologies but colonoscopy remains the diagnostic gold standard. However, in the setting of incomplete colonoscopy due to strictures, the imaging features of CT will be relied on. This review will focus on the CT features of different colon pathologies leading to strictures and will be illustrated with images from 10 years of experience with CT colonography at our institutions from 2002-2012 (Hotel Dieu Hospital, Queen's University and Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto).

Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis and Preterm Delivery: A Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülnur Erdem ◽  
Aslı Göktan ◽  
Fatih Erbay ◽  
Tamer Baysal
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis ◽  
Alveolar Microlithiasis

scholarly journals A Rare Cause of Crazy-Paving and Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy: Congestive Heart Failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysegul Senturk ◽  
Aysegul Karalezli ◽  
Ayse Nur Soyturk ◽  
H. Canan Hasanoglu
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Reticular Pattern ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

Crazy-paving sign is a pattern seen on multislice computed tomography images of the lungs. It is characterized by a reticular pattern superimposed on ground-glass opacity. It was first described in the late 1980s in patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, but has now been described in some other diseases of the lung. Enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes can be seen in infectious and specific inflammatory diseases and malignancies. The present report describes a case of a 44-year-old man in whom congestive heart failure presented with a crazy-paving appearance and enlarged lymph nodes of the lungs on the chest computed tomography scan.

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