scholarly journals The functional roles of IGF-1 variants in the susceptibility and clinical outcomes of mild traumatic brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jia Wang ◽  
Henry Sung-Ching Wong ◽  
Chung-Che Wu ◽  
Yung-Hsiao Chiang ◽  
Wen-Ta Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Bioinformatics Databases ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is an important pleiotropic hormone that exerts neuroprotective and neuroreparative effects after a brain injury. However, the roles of IGF-1 variants in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are not yet fully understood. This study attempted to elucidate the effects of IGF-1 variants on the risk and neuropsychiatric outcomes of mTBI. Methods Based on 176 recruited mTBI patients and 1517 control subjects from the Taiwan Biobank project, we first compared the genotypic distributions of IGF-1 variants between the two groups. Then, we analyzed associations of IGF-1 variants with neuropsychiatric symptoms after mTBI, including anxiety, depression, dizziness, and sleep disturbances. Functional annotation of IGF-1 variants was also performed through bioinformatics databases. Results The minor allele of rs7136446 was over-represented in mTBI patients compared to community-based control subjects. Patients carrying minor alleles of rs7136446 and rs972936 showed more dizziness and multiple neuropsychiatric symptoms after brain injury. Conclusions IGF-1 variants were associated with the risk and neuropsychiatric symptoms of mTBI. The findings highlight the important role of IGF-1 in the susceptibility and clinical outcomes of mTBI.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Approach to Traumatic Axonal Injury of the Spinothalamic Tract in Individual Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang ◽  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Pain ◽  
Traumatic Axonal Injury ◽  
Spinothalamic Tract ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Control Subjects

Objectives: We investigated an approach for the diagnosis of traumatic axonal injury (TAI) of the spinothalamic tract (STT) that was based on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) results and a statistical comparison of individual patients who showed central pain following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) with the control group. Methods: Five right-handed female patients in their forties and with central pain following mTBI and 12 age-, sex-, and handedness-matched healthy control subjects were recruited. After DTT reconstruction of the STT, we analyzed the STT in terms of three DTT parameters (fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and fiber number (FN)) and its configuration (narrowing and tearing). To assess narrowing, we determined the area of the STT on an axial slice of the subcortical white matter. Results: the FN values were significantly lower in at least one hemisphere of each patient when compared to those of the control subjects (p < 0.05). Significant decrements from the STT area in the control group were observed in at least one hemisphere of each patient (p < 0.05). Regarding configurational analysis, the STT showed narrowing and/or partial tearing in at least one hemisphere of each of the five patients. Conclusions: Herein, we demonstrate a DTT-based approach for the diagnosis of TAI of the STT. The approach involves a statistical comparison between DTT parameters of individual patients who show central pain following mTBI and those of an age-, gender-, and handedness-matched control group. We think that the method described in this study can be useful in the diagnosis of TAI of the STT in individual mTBI patients.

L0026 Risk of headaches and sleep disturbances following mild traumatic brain injury: a preliminary report

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. S104
Author(s):  
G. Chaput ◽  
C. Manzini ◽  
R. Denis ◽  
A. Demers ◽  
J.-F. Giguère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Sleep Disturbances

Long-term cognitive and emotional consequences of mild traumatic brain injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Konrad ◽  
A. J. Geburek ◽  
F. Rist ◽  
H. Blumenroth ◽  
B. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Negative Response ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Negative Response Bias ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to investigate long-term cognitive and emotional sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), as previous research has remained inconclusive with respect to their prevalence and extent.MethodThirty-three individuals who had sustained mTBI on average 6 years prior to the study and 33 healthy control subjects were matched according to age, gender and education. Structural brain damage at time of testing was excluded by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was conducted to assess learning, recall, working memory, attention and executive function. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Possible negative response bias was ruled out by implementing the Word Memory Test (WMT).ResultsThe mTBI individuals had significant impairments in all cognitive domains compared to the healthy control subjects. Effect sizes of cognitive deficits were medium to large, and could not be accounted for by self-perceived deficits, depression, compensation claims or negative response bias. BDI scores were significantly higher in the patient group, and three patients fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for a mild episode of major depression.ConclusionsPrimarily, well-recovered individuals who had sustained a minor trauma more than half a decade ago continue to have long-term cognitive and emotional sequelae relevant for everyday social and professional life. mTBI may lead to a lasting disruption of neurofunctional circuits not detectable by standard structural MRI and needs to be taken seriously in clinical and forensic evaluations.

scholarly journals Magnetoencephalography-based identification of functional connectivity network disruption following mild traumatic brain injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1840-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alhourani ◽  
Thomas A. Wozny ◽  
Deepa Krishnaswamy ◽  
Sudhir Pathak ◽  
Shawn A. Walls ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Phase Locking ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Phase Locking Value

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) leads to long-term cognitive sequelae in a significant portion of patients. Disruption of normal neural communication across functional brain networks may explain the deficits in memory and attention observed after mTBI. In this study, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine functional connectivity during a resting state in a group of mTBI subjects ( n = 9) compared with age-matched control subjects ( n = 15). We adopted a data-driven, exploratory analysis in source space using phase locking value across different frequency bands. We observed a significant reduction in functional connectivity in band-specific networks in mTBI compared with control subjects. These networks spanned multiple cortical regions involved in the default mode network (DMN). The DMN is thought to subserve memory and attention during periods when an individual is not engaged in a specific task, and its disruption may lead to cognitive deficits after mTBI. We further applied graph theoretical analysis on the functional connectivity matrices. Our data suggest reduced local efficiency in different brain regions in mTBI patients. In conclusion, MEG can be a potential tool to investigate and detect network alterations in patients with mTBI. The value of MEG to reveal potential neurophysiological biomarkers for mTBI patients warrants further exploration.

scholarly journals Psychometric Evaluation of Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Quality after a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hon-Ping Ma ◽  
Po-Shen Chen ◽  
Chung-Shun Wong ◽  
Cheng-Fu Chang ◽  
Ju-Chi Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Psychological Assessments ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Introduction. Over 1 million mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) cases are reported annually worldwide and may result in cognitive, physical, and emotional deterioration; depression; anxiety; and sleep problems. However, studies on long-term mTBI effects are limited. This study included 440 patients, and regular follow-ups of psychological assessments were performed for 2 years. Four questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Beck’s anxiety inventory (BAI), and Beck’s depression inventory (BDI), were used to evaluate sleep problems, daytime sleepiness, anxiety, and depression, respectively. Results show that BAI and BDI scores considerably improved at the 6th-week, 1st-year, and 2nd-year follow-ups compared to baseline, yet these remained significantly different. In addition, anxiety and depression were prominent symptoms in a select subgroup of patients with poor initial evaluations, which improved over the 2 years. However, the ESS and PSQI scores fluctuated only mildly over the same time span. In conclusion, the mTBI patients showed a gradual improvement of anxiety and depression over the 2 years following injury. While anxiety and depression levels for mTBI patients in general did not return to premorbid status, improvements were observed. Sleep disorders persisted and were consistent with initial levels of distress.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document