scholarly journals Computed tomography-derived area and density of pectoralis muscle associated disease severity and longitudinal changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
So Hyeon Bak ◽  
Sung Ok Kwon ◽  
Seon-Sook Han ◽  
Woo Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Pectoralis Muscle ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Changes

Abstract Background Muscle wasting is associated with prognosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The cross-sectional area of skeletal muscles on computed tomography (CT) could serve as a method to evaluate body composition. The present study aimed to determine the ability of CT-derived pectoralis muscle area (PMA) and pectoralis muscle density (PMD) to determine the severity of COPD and change in longitudinal pulmonary function in patients with COPD. Methods A total of 293 participants were enrolled in this study, a whom 222 had undergone at least two spirometry measurements within 3 years after baseline data acquisition. PMA and PMD were measured from a single axial slice of chest CT above the aortic arch at baseline. The emphysema index and bronchial wall thickness were quantitatively assessed in all scans. The generalized linear model was used to determine the correlation between PMA and PMD measurements and pulmonary function. Results PMA and PMD were significantly associated with baseline lung function and the severity of emphysema (P < 0.05). Patients with the lowest PMA and PMD exhibited significantly more severe airflow obstruction (β = − 0.06; 95% confidence interval: − 0.09 to − 0.03]. PMA was statistically associated with COPD assessment test (CAT) score (P = 0.033). However, PMD did not exhibit statistically significant correlation with either CAT scores or modified Medical Research Council scores (P > 0.05). Furthermore, neither PMA nor PMD were associated with changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 s over a 3-year periods. Conclusions CT-derived features of the pectoralis muscle may be helpful in predicting disease severity in patients with COPD, but are not necessarily associated with longitudinal changes in lung function.

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment the Longitudinal Changes of Pulmonary Vascular Counts in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Won Park ◽  
Myoung-Nam Lim ◽  
Woo Jin Kim ◽  
So Hyeon Bak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Severe Emphysema ◽  
Copd Patients

Abstract BackgroundChest computed tomography(CT) is a widely used method to assess morphological and dynamic abnormalities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The small pulmonary vascular cross-section (CSA), quantitatively extracted from volumetric CT, is a reliable indicator for predicting pulmonary vascular changes. CSA is associated with the severity of symptoms, pulmonary function tests (PFT) and emphysema and in COPD patients the severity increases over time. However, there are few studies of changes in vascular during longitudinal follow-up in COPD patients. We analyzed the correlation longitudinal changes in pulmonary vascular parameters with clinical parameters in COPD patients.Materials and MethodsA total of 288 subjects with COPD were investigated during follow up period up to 6 years. CT images were classified into five subtypes from normal to severe emphysema according to percentage of low-attenuation areas less than -950 and -856 Hounsfield units (HU) on inspiratory and expiratory CT (LAA-950, LAA-856exp). Total number of vessels (Ntotal) and total number of vessels with area less than 5 mm2 (N<5mm) per 1 cm2 of lung surface area (LSA) were measured at 6 mm from the pleural surface.ResultsNtotal/LSA and N<5mm/LSA changed from 1.16±0.27 to 0.87±0.2 and from 1.02±0.22 to 0.78±0.22, respectively, during Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage progression. Both parameters changed from normal to severe emphysema according to CT subtype from 1.39±0.21 to 0.74±0.17 and from 1.18±0.19 to 0.67±0.15, respectively. LAA-950 and LAA-856exp were negatively correlated with Ntotal/LSA (r=-0.738, -0.529) and N<5mm /LSA (r=-0.729, -0.497). On the other hand, pulmonary function test (PFT) results showed a weak correlation with Ntotal/LSA and N<5mm/LSA (r=0.205, 0.210). The depth in CT subtypes for longitudinal change both Ntotal/LSA and N<5mm/LSA was (-0.032, -0.023) and (-0.027) in normal and SAD, respectively.ConclusionsQuantitative computed tomography features faithfully reflected pulmonary vessel alterations, showing in particular that pulmonary vascular alteration started.Trial registrationWe obtained the written informed consent from all participants in this study and the approval for all processes by our institution Institutional Review Board.

scholarly journals Multi detector computed tomography evaluation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and correlation with severity of disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3116
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Ankita Rohira ◽  
Ashish Vijay ◽  
Abhay Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Background: Multi Detector computed tomography (MDCT) may effectively characterize and quantify the extent of emphysema and the air trapping related to the small airway’s disease. Here we highlight the computed-tomography findings of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and correlation with the Spirometrics values.Methods: The study group included the total of 100 adult patients of either sex with a clinical suspicion of COPD and those who undergone MDCT of thorax. Lung function of the patients with the COPD stages mild to very severe was evaluated by both the MDCT and Spirometrics Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs). The scanning was done at maximum end inspiration and maximum end expiration.Results: There was a preponderance of male patients with highly significant correlation between values of mean lung density and low attenuation values (p<0.000I). MDCT correlated well with those obtained from spirometric Pulmonary Function Tests in the patients with COPD and that the correlation at expiration was superior to that at inspiration.Conclusions: The study concludes that Multi-detector computed tomography is the invaluable tool in defining and quantifying COPD and the characterization of emphysematous changes.

Electroacupuncture Reduces Hypothalamic and Medullary Expression of Orexins and their Receptors in a Rat Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Fang Zhang ◽  
Qin Qin ◽  
Wen-Ye Geng ◽  
Chuan-Wei Jiang ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Objectives Decreased lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correlated with abnormal excitability of the respiratory centre where orexin neuropeptides from the hypothalamus are responsible for regulating respiration. We hypothesised that improvements in pulmonary function with electroacupuncture (EA) may be related to orexins in a rat model of COPD. Methods The COPD model was established by cigarette smoke exposure and lipopolysaccharide injection. Modelled rats received EA at BL13 and ST36 for two weeks, after which lung function was tested. Orexin levels in the hypothalamus and medulla were detected by ELISA, while mRNA/protein expression and localisation of orexins and their receptors were investigated using real time PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results The decrease in lung function observed in COPD rats was improved after EA treatment. Orexin levels in the hypothalamus and medulla were significantly higher in COPD rats than in normal rats, but were significantly reduced in the EA-treated group. There was a negative correlation between orexin content and lung function. In the hypothalamus, mRNA and protein expression and immunoreactivity of orexins were significantly higher in the COPD group than in the normal group, but a significant decrease was observed after EA. In the medulla, the expression and immunoreactivity of orexin receptors were significantly higher in the COPD group than in the normal group, but a significant decrease was observed after EA. Conclusions The positive effect of EA on pulmonary function in COPD rats may be related to downregulation of orexins and their receptors in the medulla.

Is oxidative stress associated with disease severity, pulmonary function and metabolic syndrome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 (9) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Sepúlveda Loyola ◽  
F. Vilaça Cavallari Machado ◽  
L. Araújo de Castro ◽  
T. Hissnauer Leal Baltus ◽  
N. Rampazzo Morelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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