scholarly journals Anti-malarial medicine quality field studies and surveys: a systematic review of screening technologies used and reporting of findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Lalani ◽  
Freddy Eric Kitutu ◽  
Siân E. Clarke ◽  
Harparkash Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Medicine Quality

Investigating the field effectiveness of respirators against metal particle exposure in various workplaces: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ata Rafiee ◽  
Imranul Laskar ◽  
Bernadette Quémerais
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metal Particle ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Breathing Zone ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Particle Exposure ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Health Impairments

Abstract Welders are exposed to high levels of metal fumes, which could be resulting in various health impairments. Respirators became a practical protective option in workplaces, as they are lightweight and easy to use. This systematic review attempts to explore the field effectiveness of using respirators to reduce metal particle exposure in workplaces. We reviewed papers published from 1900 to April 2019 in five major bibliographic databases, including Embase, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL, along with organizational websites to cover gray literature. In total, 983 references were identified from the databases, out of which, 520 duplicates were removed from the EndNote database. The remaining 463 references were screened for their title and abstract. Out of 463, 70 references went through the full-text screening. Finally, eight papers, including 19 workplace respirator studies, satisfied all the inclusion criteria and were reviewed in this report. The geometric means for metal levels in workers’ breathing zone with and without respirators were 9.4 and 1,777 µg/m3 for iron, 1.1 and 139 µg/m3 for lead, 2.1 and 242 µg/m3 for zinc, and 27 and 1,398 µg/m3 for manganese oxide, respectively. Most reviewed studies reported significant differences between measured metal particle levels among workers who worn respirators and who did not. In addition, results showed that N95 provided significantly less protection than elastomeric half facepieces, full-face respirators, and powered air-purifying respirators (p<0.001). More field studies are recommended to investigate Workplace Protection Factor (WPF) and fit factor (FF) of different respirators to understand the actual protection levels that they could be provided to control welding fume exposure among welders in various workplaces.

scholarly journals Assessing the quality of antenatal corticosteroids in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243034
Author(s):  
Euodia Mosoro ◽  
Alyce N. Wilson ◽  
Caroline S. E. Homer ◽  
Joshua P. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Newborn Health ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Maternal And Newborn Health ◽  
Antenatal Corticosteroids ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Medicine Quality ◽  
Maternal And Newborn

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the administration of intramuscular antenatal corticosteroids to women at risk of preterm birth to prevent preterm-associated neonatal mortality and morbidity. Poor quality medicines are a major problem for health services in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), however the quality of antenatal corticosteroids is not well understood. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of available studies describing the quality of recommended injectable antenatal corticosteroids (dexamethasone or betamethasone) in LMICs. Methods Structured search strategy was applied to six databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Global Index Medicus, WHO Medicines Quality Database), without year or language restrictions. Any primary study reporting any medicine quality parameter (Active Pharmacological Ingredient, pH and sterility) for injectable dexamethasone or betamethasone was eligible. Two authors independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data on included studies and applied Medicine Quality Assessment Reporting Guidelines tool to assess study quality. Results were reported narratively, stratified by country of manufacture, organisation type and level of care. Results In total, 15,547 citations were screened with two eligible studies identified that focussed on dexamethasone quality (no studies of betamethasone were identified). One study included 19 samples from 9 LMICs, and the other included “less than 100 samples” from India. The prevalence of failed dexamethasone samples ranged from 3.14% to 32.2% due to inadequate Active Pharmacological Ingredient. A higher prevalence of failed dexamethasone samples were seen at the point of care and the public sector. Conclusions Poor quality maternal and newborn health medicines can endanger women and newborns. Though available evidence on antenatal corticosteroids quality in LMICs is limited, results suggested poor quality dexamethasone may be prevalent in some countries. More primary studies are required to confirm these findings and guide policymakers on procurement of good-quality maternal and newborn health medicines.

scholarly journals Trust and Public Health Emergency Events: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Pradeep Sopory ◽  
Julie M. Novak ◽  
Ashleigh M. Day ◽  
Stine Eckert ◽  
Lee Wilkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Emergency Events

Abstract The systematic review examined the phenomenon of trust during public health emergency events. The literature reviewed was field studies done with people directly affected or likely to be affected by such events and included quantitative, qualitative, mixed-method, and case study primary studies in English (N = 38) as well as Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish (all non-English N = 30). Studies were mostly from high- and middle-income countries, and the event most covered was infectious disease. Findings from individual studies were first synthesized within methods and evaluated for certainty/confidence, and then synthesized across methods. The final set of 11 findings synthesized across methods identified a set of activities for enhancing trust and showed that it is a multi-faceted and dynamic concept.

Ethnomedicinal plants for the management of diabetes worldwide: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zakariyyah Aumeeruddy ◽  
Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

Background: The increasing incidence of diabetes worldwide has urged researchers to explore for novel antidiabetic agents from natural products. Ethnomedicinal field studies on diabetes have expanded across the globe documenting large numbers of folk medicinal plants against diabetes. Nonetheless, a systematic review of these surveys has not been conducted so far. This study documents the medicinal plants traditionally used globally for managing diabetes. Methods: Key databases including Sciencedirect, Medline/PubMed, and Google Scholar were scrutinized. The Plant List and The International Plant Names Index (IPNI) were used to validate the scientific plant names. Results: 2004 traditionally used plants belonging to 1112 genera and 197 families were reported across 92 countries for the management of diabetes. Leguminosae (105 genera and 193 species), Compositae (97 genera and 188 species), and Lamiaceae (47 genera and 121 species) were the main plant families reported. Momordica charantia L., Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Allium sativum L., Azadirachta indica A.Juss., Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don, Olea europaea L., Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm., Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., and Allium cepa L were the species mostly reported. Indeed, the antidiabetic properties of these main species have been evidenced by experimental studies. Several antidiabetic compounds acting via different mechanisms have been identified including momordicoside, karaviloside , cucurbitacin , charantin, and charantoside from M. charantia, cuminoside from S. cumini, S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide from A. sativum, limonoids from A. indica, alkaloids including vindoline, vindolidine, vindolicine and vindolinine from C. roseus, oleuropein and oleanolic acid from O. europaea, flavone C-glycosides such as vicenin-1, isoschaftoside, and schaftoside from T. foenum-graecum seeds, gymnemosides, gymnemagenin, and pregnane glycosides from G. sylvestre, chysalodin from A. vera, and quercetin from A. cepa. Conclusion: This review is the first to provide a compiled list of traditional medicinal plants used worldwide against diabetes.

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