scholarly journals Maternal urinary concentrations of organophosphate ester metabolites: associations with gestational weight gain, early life anthropometry, and infant eating behaviors among mothers-infant pairs in Rhode Island

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Crawford ◽  
Nicola Hawley ◽  
Antonia M. Calafat ◽  
Nayana K. Jayatilaka ◽  
Rosemary J. Froehlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

Abstract Background Organophosphate esters (OPEs)—used as flame retardants and plasticizers—are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as reduced fecundity and live births and increased preterm delivery. OPEs may interfere with growth and metabolism via endocrine-disruption, but few studies have investigated endocrine-related outcomes. The objective of this pilot study (n = 56 mother-infant pairs) was to evaluate associations of OPEs with gestational weight gain (GWG), gestational age at delivery, infant anthropometry, and infant feeding behaviors. Methods We quantified OPE metabolites (bis-2-chloroethyl phosphate [BCEP], bis (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate [BDCPP], diphenyl phosphate [DPHP]) in pooled maternal spot urine collected throughout pregnancy (~ 12, 28, and 35 weeks’ gestation). We obtained maternal sociodemographic characteristics from questionnaires administered at enrollment and perinatal characteristics from medical record abstraction. Trained research assistants measured infant weight, length, head and abdominal circumferences, and skinfold thicknesses at birth and 6 weeks postpartum. Mothers reported infant feeding behavior via the Baby Eating Behavior Questionnaire (BEBQ). Using multiple linear regression, we assessed associations of log2-transformed maternal urinary OPE metabolites with GWG, gestational age at delivery, infant anthropometry at birth, weekly growth rate, and BEBQ scores at 6 weeks postpartum. We used linear mixed effects (LME) models to analyze overall infant anthropometry during the first 6 weeks of life. Additionally, we considered effect modification by infant sex. Results We observed weak positive associations between all OPE metabolites and GWG. In LME models, BDCPP was associated with increased infant length (β = 0.44 cm, 95%CI = 0.01, 0.87) and weight in males (β = 0.14 kg, 95%CI = 0.03, 0.24). BDCPP was also associated with increased food responsiveness (β = 0.23, 95%CI = 0.06, 0.40). DPHP was inversely associated with infant abdominal circumference (β = − 0.50 cm, 95%CI = − 0.86, − 0.14) and female weight (β = − 0.19 kg, 95%CI = − 0.36, − 0.02), but positively associated with weekly growth in iliac skinfold thickness (β = 0.10 mm/wk., 95%CI = 0.02, 0.19). Further, DPHP was weakly associated with increased feeding speed. BCEP was associated with greater infant thigh skinfold thickness (β = 0.34 mm, 95%CI = 0.16, 0.52) and subscapular skinfold thickness in males (β = 0.14 mm, 95%CI = 0.002, 0.28). Conclusions Collectively, these findings suggest that select OPEs may affect infant anthropometry and feeding behavior, with the most compelling evidence for BDCPP and DPHP.

scholarly journals Association between perinatal factors, genetic susceptibility to obesity and age at adiposity rebound in children of the EDEN mother–child cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminata Hallimat Cissé ◽  
Sandrine Lioret ◽  
Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain ◽  
Anne Forhan ◽  
Ken K. Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Perinatal Factors ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Adiposity Rebound ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Background Early adiposity rebound (AR) has been associated with increased risk of overweight or obesity in adulthood. However, little is known about early predictors of age at AR. We aimed to study the role of perinatal factors and genetic susceptibility to obesity in the kinetics of AR. Methods Body mass index (BMI) curves were modelled by using mixed-effects cubic models, and age at AR was estimated for 1415 children of the EDEN mother–child cohort study. A combined obesity risk-allele score was calculated from genotypes for 27 variants identified by genome-wide association studies of adult BMI. Perinatal factors of interest were maternal age at delivery, parental education, parental BMI, gestational weight gain, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and newborn characteristics (sex, prematurity, and birth weight). We used a hierarchical level approach with multivariable linear regression model to investigate the association between these factors, obesity risk-allele score, and age at AR. Results A higher genetic susceptibility to obesity score was associated with an earlier age at AR. At the most distal level of the hierarchical model, maternal and paternal educational levels were positively associated with age at AR. Children born to parents with higher BMI were more likely to exhibit earlier age at AR. In addition, higher gestational weight gain was related to earlier age at AR. For children born small for gestational age, the average age at AR was 88 [±39] days lower than for children born appropriate for gestational age and 91 [±56] days lower than for children born large for gestational age. Conclusion The timing of AR seems to be an early childhood manifestation of the genetic susceptibility to adult obesity. We further identified low birth weight and gestational weight gain as novel predictors of early AR, highlighting the role of the intrauterine environment in the kinetics of adiposity.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic and mental health in women with early gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Yedu Quansah ◽  
Justine Gross ◽  
Leah Gilbert ◽  
Amelie Pauchet ◽  
Antje Horsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
History Of

Abstract Context Early diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM) may reduce adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes, especially in high-risk women. However, there is a lack of data for other outcomes. Objective We compared cardiometabolic and mental health outcomes in women with early (eGDM) and classical (cGDM) GDM. Methods This prospective cohort included 1185 women with cGDM and 76 women with eGDM. eGDM had GDM-risk factors (BMI >30kg/m 2, family history of diabetes, history of GDM, ethnicity), were tested at <20 weeks gestational age and diagnosed using ADA prediabetes criteria. Women underwent lifestyle adaptations. Obstetric, neonatal, mental, cardiometabolic outcomes were assessed during pregnancy and postpartum. Results eGDM had lower gestational weight gain than cGDM (10.7±6.2 vs 12.6±6.4, p=0.03), but needed more medical treatment (66% vs 42%, p<0.001). They had similar rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, except for increased large-for-gestational-age infants (25% vs 15%, p=0.02). Mental health during pregnancy and postpartum did not differ between groups. eGDM had more atherogenic postpartum lipid profile than cGDM (p≤0.001). In eGDM, the postpartum prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was 1.8-times, prediabetes was 3.1-times and diabetes was 7.4-times higher than cGDM (MetS-waist circumference-based: 62% vs 34%/MetS-BMI-based: 46% vs 24%; prediabetes: 47.5% vs 15.3%; diabetes: 11.9% vs 1.6%, all p<0.001). These differences remained unchanged after adjusting for GDM-risk factors. Conclusion Compared to cGDM, eGDM was not associated with differences in mental health, but with increased adverse cardiometabolic outcomes, independent of GDM-risk factors and gestational weight gain. This hints to a pre-existing risk-profile in eGDM.

scholarly journals Patterns of Gestational Weight Gain in Women with Overweight or Obesity and Risk of Large for Gestational Age

Obesity Facts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Wenyu Huang ◽  
Zhi Zhang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Zhihong Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

scholarly journals Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes among Nulliparous Women

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie M. Dude ◽  
William Grobman ◽  
David Haas ◽  
Brian M. Mercer ◽  
Samuel Parry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Excessive Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders

Abstract Objective To determine the association between total gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes. Study Design Data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-To-Be (NuMoM2b) study were used. Total gestational weight gain was categorized as inadequate, adequate, or excessive based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Outcomes examined included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, mode of delivery, shoulder dystocia, large for gestational age or small for-gestational age birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Results Among 8,628 women, 1,666 (19.3%) had inadequate, 2,945 (34.1%) had adequate, and 4,017 (46.6%) had excessive gestational weight gain. Excessive gestational weight gain was associated with higher odds of hypertensive disorders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78–2.36) Cesarean delivery (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09–1.41), and large for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.23–1.80), but lower odds of small for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.50–0.71). Conversely, inadequate gestational weight gain was associated with lower odds of hypertensive disorders (aOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62–0.92), Cesarean delivery (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65–0.92), and a large for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55–0.94), but higher odds of having a small for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.37–1.96). Conclusion Both excessive and inadequate gestational weight gain are associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Stratified analysis of the correlation between gestational weight gain and birth weight for gestational age: a retrospective single-center cohort study in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko SATO ◽  
Naoyuki MIYASAKA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Tokyo Medical ◽  
Newborn Size

Abstract Background Japan has an exceptionally high proportion of low-weight births and underweight women. It has been suggested that an appropriate increase in gestational weight gain (GWG) for underweight women will help to prevent low birth weight. The current strategy aims to raise the desired value of GWG equally for all pregnant women within the underweight category. However, it remains elusive whether or not the relationship between GWG and birth weight for gestational age (BW/GA) are uniformly equivalent for all the women. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of women who delivered their newborns at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital from 2013 to 2017. First, in order to examine the direct effect of an increase or decrease in GWG on BW/GA, we analyzed the correlation between inter-pregnancy differences in GWG and BW/GA using a sub-cohort of women who experienced two deliveries during the study period (n = 75). Second, we dichotomized the main cohort (n = 1114) according to BW/GA to verify our hypothesis that the correlation between GWG and BW/GA differs depending on the size of the newborn. Results The inter-pregnancy difference in BW/GA was not correlated with that of GWG. However, the correlation between BW/GA of siblings was high (r = 0.63, p = 1.9 × 10− 9). The correlation between GWG and BW/GA in women who delivered larger-sized newborns was higher (r = 0.17, p = 4.1 × 10− 5) than that in women who delivered smaller-sized newborns (r = 0.099, p = 1.9 × 10− 2). This disparity did not change after adjustment for pre-pregnancy BMI. The mean birth weight in the dichotomized groups corresponded to percentile 52.0 and 13.4 of the international newborn size assessed by INTERGROWTH-21st standards. Conclusions In our study, GWG was positively correlated with BW/GA for heavier neonates whose birth weights were similar to the average neonatal weight according to world standards. However, caution might be required for low-birth-weight neonates because increased GWG does not always result in increased birth weight.

Size for gestational age at birth according to offspring sex and gestational weight gain in underweight women

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 536-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kasuga ◽  
D. Shigemi ◽  
M. Tamagawa ◽  
T. Suzuki ◽  
S.-H. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Normal Weight Group ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Offspring Sex ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth ◽  
Age At Birth

AbstractAlthough maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) are related to fetal growth, there is a paucity of data regarding how offspring sex affects the relationship between maternal BMI in underweight mothers (pre-pregnancy BMI <18.5 kg/m2) and size for gestational age at birth. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of offspring sex on the relationships among maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG and size for gestational age at birth in Japanese underweight mothers. Records of women with full-term pregnancies who underwent perinatal care at Kawasaki Municipal Hospital (Kawasaki, Japan) between January 2013 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The study cohort included underweight (n=566) and normal-weight women (18.5 kg/m2⩽pre-pregnancy BMI<25 kg/m2; n=2671). The incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) births in the underweight group was significantly higher than that in the normal-weight group (P<0.01). Additionally, SGA incidence in the underweight group was significantly higher than that in the normal-weight group (P<0.01) in female, but not male (P=0.30) neonates. In the women with female neonates, pre-pregnancy underweight was associated with a significantly increased probability of SGA (odds ratio [OR]: 1.80; P<0.01), but inadequate GWG was not (OR: 1.38; P=0.11). In contrast, in women with male neonates, inadequate GWG was associated with a significantly increased probability of SGA (OR: 1.53; P=0.03), but not with pre-pregnancy underweight (OR: 1.30; P=0.10). In conclusion, the present results suggest that pre-pregnancy underweight is associated with SGA in female offspring but not in male offspring.

scholarly journals Gestational Weight Gain Influences Neonatal Outcomes in Women With Obesity and Gestational Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M Ramos-Levi ◽  
Gemma Rodriguez-Carnero ◽  
Cristina Garcia-Fontao ◽  
Antia Fernandez-Pombo ◽  
Paula Andújar-Plata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. Obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated to increased risk of perinatal complications and obesity in the offspring. However, the impact of gestational weight gain (GWG) on maternal and fetal outcomes has led to controversial results. Research design and methods. Retrospective study of 220 women with GDM and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Pregnant women were classified according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations regarding prior BMI and GWG. We evaluated the impact of GWG on birth weight and perinatal outcomes. Results. Mean maternal age was 34.7±5.3 years. Pre-pregnancy obesity was classified as grade I in 55.3% of cases, grade II in 32.0%, and grade III in 12.7%. GWG was adequate (5-9kg) in 24.2%, insufficient (< 5kg) in 41.8% and excessive (> 9kg) in 34.2%. Birthweight was within normal range in 81.9%, 3.6% were small for gestational age (SGA) and 14.4% were large for gestational age (LGA). Insufficient GWG was associated to a higher rate of SGA offspring, excessive GWG was associated to LGA and adequate GWG to normal birth weight. Conclusion. GWG in women with pre-pregnancy obesity and GDM impacts neonatal birthweight. Insufficient GWG is associated to SGA and excessive GWG is associated to LGA. Women with adequate GWG according to IOM guidelines obtained better perinatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Gestational Weight Gain among Healthy Pregnant Women from Asia in Comparison with Institute of Medicine (IOM) Guidelines-2009: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Arora ◽  
Bani Tamber Aeri
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Gestational Weight

In 1990, Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended gestational weight gain (GWG) ranges for women in the United States primarily to improve infant birth weight. Changes in key aspects of reproductive health of women of child bearing age, a rising prevalence of obesity, and noncommunicable diseases prompted the revision of IOM guidelines in 2009. However, there is no such recommendation available for Asian women. This systematic review assesses the utility of IOM-2009 guidelines among Indian and other Asian pregnant women in terms of maternal and fetal outcomes. 624 citations were identified using PubMed and Google Scholar, out of which 13 were included. Prospective/retrospective studies of healthy Asian women with a singleton pregnancy which specifically examined fetal-maternal outcomes relative to IOM-2009 guidelines were included. Results. Majority of pregnant Indian women achieved less GWG than the recommendations whereas a mixed trend was noticed among the other Asian pregnant women. The most common fetal-maternal complications among the excessive GWG women were found to be macrosomia, large for gestational age and caesarean section followed by gestational diabetes and hypertension, whereas low birth weight, small for gestational age and preterm birth, was found to be associated with low GWG women. The findings highlight the need for appropriate GWG limits across the different body mass index levels specifically for Indians and other Asian population. However, there are not enough publications regarding the utility of IOM-2009 guidelines among the Indian and other Asian women. Thus, higher-quality researches are warranted in future to further validate the findings of the present review.

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