scholarly journals Prevalence of HIV and HCV among injecting drug users in three selected WHO-EMRO countries: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Jahan Shayan ◽  
Rajab Nazari ◽  
Frank Kiwanuka
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Hcv Prevalence ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Significant Burden

Abstract Background HIV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections are responsible for a significant burden of mortality and morbidity, particularly in developing countries. This study sought to determine the prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis C among injecting drug users in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Methods This review conforms to the Preferred Reporting Guidelines for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science/Knowledge, SID.ir, and MAGIRAN were searched. Studies that were published from 2003 up to 2018 were considered for analysis. Studies were screened for inclusion in duplicate, and also, that data were narratively synthesized. Results We report on data from 79 articles. The total number of participants in studies that assessed the prevalence of HIV among injecting drug users included 68,926 participants, while those from studies that assessed HCV prevalence were 23,016 participants. Overall HIV and HCV prevalence among injecting drug users in the three selected countries were 9.1% (95% CI 6.9–12.0%) and 48.3% (95% CI 43.9–52.7%), respectively. Iran had the highest HIV prevalence of 11.0% among injectable drug users (95% CI 8.4–14.2%), while Afghanistan had the lowest HIV prevalence of 3.1% (95% CI 1.5–6.3%) among three selected countries. In Pakistan, the prevalence of HIV was 8.6% (95% CI 4.8–15.0%). Regarding HCV prevalence, Pakistan had the highest while Afghanistan had the lowest, 54.4% (95% CI 33.5–73.9%) and 37.3% (95% CI 35.2–39.4%), respectively. HCV prevalence in Iran was 47.7% (95% CI 43.4–52.0%). Conclusion Injecting drug users form a special cohort of persons at risk of HIV and Hepatitis C infections. The prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis noted from our findings is significantly high. Awareness of the grave risk of spreading HIV and Hepatitis C associated with sharing needles is recommended among this sub-group of drug users.

scholarly journals Spatial mapping of hepatitis C prevalence in recent injecting drug users in contact with services

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. HARRIS ◽  
V. D. HOPE ◽  
A. MORONGIU ◽  
M. HICKMAN ◽  
F. NCUBE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
North West ◽  
Spatially Correlated ◽  
The North ◽  
Hcv Prevalence

SUMMARYIn developed countries the majority of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections occur in injecting drug users (IDUs) with prevalence in IDUs often high, but with wide geographical differences within countries. Estimates of local prevalence are needed for planning services for IDUs, but it is not practical to conduct HCV seroprevalence surveys in all areas. In this study survey data from IDUs attending specialist services were collected in 52/149 sites in England between 2006 and 2008. Spatially correlated random-effects models were used to estimate HCV prevalence for all sites, using auxiliary data to aid prediction. Estimates ranged from 14% to 82%, with larger cities, London and the North West having the highest HCV prevalence. The methods used generated robust estimates for each area, with a well-identified spatial pattern that improved predictions. Such models may be of use in other areas of study where surveillance data are sparse.

Prevalence and Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus in Iranian Drug User: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Najimi-Varzaneh ◽  
Mohammad Gholami-Fesharaki
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Hcv Prevalence

Context: Hepatitis C, as a major public health problem, has serious complications and drug users are the highest risk group for it.Objectives: As the importance of this subject, the current study has been done to estimate the pooled prevalence  and distribution of hepatitis c virus in Iranian Drug User.Evidence Acquisition: Articles were identified through international searching databases including PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Google Scholar and Web of Science and Iranian scientific information database (SID), Health. barakatkns, IranDoc, Civilica and MagIran. We reviewed systematically all studies reporting the prevalence of HCV Iranian Drug User.Results: 227 records were identified by the electronic search, of which 62 studies were identified as relevant  papers which were meta-analyzed for the pooled HCV prevalence. Overall, prevalence of HCV  was 42.01 %( 36.83%-47.20%) in Iranian drug user.Conclusion: Our meta-analysis study showed that HCV prevalence is high in drug users in Iran. With respect to the high prevalence of Hepatitis C among Drug User, ongoing preventive actions for this group are recommended.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for hepatitis C among drug users: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Yang Tang ◽  
Di Xu ◽  
Guang Zhang ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Svr12 Rate ◽  
Funnel Plots ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background and aims Limited data is available on the efficacy of direct acting anti-viral drugs on hepatitis C in drug users. The aim of this meta-analysis was to comprehensively analyze the efficacy and safety of LDV/SOF in drug users infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Methods The PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published till April 2021 on HCV-positive drug users who were treated with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF). The primary endpoint was pooled sustained virological response at 12 weeks (SVR12) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to assess the publication bias. Results A total of 12 studies and 711 subjects treated with LDV/SOF-based regimen for HCV were included, and the pooled SVR12 rate was 89.8% (95% CI 85.9–92.7). The pooled SVR12 rate of genotype 1 drug users was 92.4% (95% CI 88.6–95.0). Subgroup analysis showed that pooled SVR12 rates of patients treated with LDV/SOF and LDV/SOF ± RBV were 89.2% (95% CI 83.4–93.1), 90.4% (95% CI 83.6–94.5) respectively. In addition, the SVR12 rates were 88% (95% CI 70.7–95.7) for 8 weeks, 89.9% (95% CI 81.0–94.9) for 12 weeks and 82.2% (95% CI 24.9–98.5) for 24 weeks of treatment. Conclusion LDV/SOF is a safe and relatively effective treatment for hepatitis C in drug users.

Hepatitis C prevalence in injecting drug users in Europe, 1990–2007: impact of study recruitment setting

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. RONDY ◽  
L. WIESSING ◽  
S. J. HUTCHINSON ◽  
C. MATHEÏ ◽  
F. MATHIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Study Recruitment ◽  
Hcv Prevalence ◽  
Random Intercept ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYMonitoring injecting drug users' (IDUs) health is challenging because IDUs form a difficult to reach population. We examined the impact of recruitment setting on hepatitis C prevalence. Individual datasets from 12 studies were merged. Predictors of HCV positivity were sought through a multilevel analysis using a mixed-effects logistic model, with study identifier as random intercept. HCV prevalence ranged from 21% to 86% across the studies. Overall, HCV prevalence was higher in IDUs recruited in drug treatment centres compared to those recruited in low-threshold settings (74% and 42%, respectively, P < 0·001). Recruitment setting remained significantly associated with HCV prevalence after adjustment for duration of injecting and recent injection (adjusted odds ratio 0·7, 95% confidence interval 0·6–0·8, P = 0·05). Recruitment setting may have an impact on HCV prevalence estimates of IDUs in Europe. Assessing the impact of mixed recruitment strategies, including respondent-driven sampling, on HCV prevalence estimates, would be valuable.

scholarly journals Estimating the prevalence of hepatitis C among intravenous drug users in upper middle income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0212558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Granados-García ◽  
Yvonne N. Flores ◽  
Lizbeth I. Díaz-Trejo ◽  
Lucia Méndez-Sánchez ◽  
Stephanie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Users ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

scholarly journals Long-Term and Short-Term Prognostic Value of Circulating Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity-2 Concentration in Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cardiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Guoqi Dong ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Hongru Zhang ◽  
Yihuang Gu
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Increasing Risk

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) has been considered as a prognostic factor of cardiovascular disease. However, the prognostic value of sST2 concentration in chronic heart failure remains to be summarized. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for eligible studies up to January 1, 2020. Data extracted from articles and provided by authors were used in agreement with the PRISMA statement. The endpoints were all-cause mortality (ACM), cardiovascular mortality (CVM)/heart failure-related hospitalization (HFH), and all-cause mortality (ACM)/heart failure-related readmission (HFR). <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 11 studies with 5,121 participants were included in this analysis. Higher concentration of sST2 predicted the incidence of long-term ACM (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.04), long-term ACM/HFR (HR: 1.42, CI: 1.27–1.59), and long-term CVM/HFH (HR: 2.25, CI: 1.82–2.79), regardless of short-term ACM/HFR (HR: 2.31, CI: 0.71–7.49). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Higher sST2 concentration at baseline is associated with increasing risk of long-term ACM, ACM/HFR, and CVM/HFH and can be a tool for the prognosis of chronic heart failure.

scholarly journals Heart rate variability as a strain indicator for psychological stress for emergency physicians during work and alert intervention: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Thielmann ◽  
Robert Pohl ◽  
Irina Böckelmann
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Objective Monitoring ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Health Studies

Abstract Background The workloads of emergency physicians are severe. The prevalence of burnout among emergency physicians is higher than with other physicians or compared to the general population. The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a valid method for objective monitoring of workload. The aim of this paper is to systematically evaluate the literature on heart rate variability as an objective indicator for mental stress of emergency physicians. Methods A systematic literature review examining heart rate variability of emergency physicians in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement for reporting systematic reviews was performed. PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Libary, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were used. The methodological quality was evaluated by using a modified STARD for HRV. Results Two studies matched the inclusion criteria by using HRV between alert intervention and two other studies were considered that used HRV in other question areas. It showed an adaptation of HRV under stress. The studies were not comparable. Conclusions There is a need for occupational health studies that examine strains and stress of emergency physicians. The well-established parasympathetic mediated HRV parameters seem to be suitable parameters to objectify the stress.

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