scholarly journals Correction to: Status of racial disparities between black and white women undergoing assisted reproductive technology in the US

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Seifer ◽  
Burcin Simsek ◽  
Ethan Wantman ◽  
Alexander M. Kotlyar
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
White Women ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Correction to: Status of racial disparities between black and white women undergoing assisted reproductive technology in the US

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Seifer ◽  
Burcin Simsek ◽  
Ethan Wantman ◽  
Alexander M. Kotlyar
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
White Women ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Us

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Status of racial disparities between black and white women undergoing assisted reproductive technology in the US

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Seifer ◽  
Burcin Simsek ◽  
Ethan Wantman ◽  
Alexander M. Kotlyar
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
White Women ◽  
Live Birth Rate ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Cumulative Live Birth Rate ◽  
Cumulative Live Birth ◽  
The Us

Abstract Background Numerous studies have demonstrated substantial differences in assisted reproductive technology outcomes between black non-Hispanic and white non-Hispanic women. We sought to determine if disparities in assisted reproductive technology outcomes between cycles from black non-Hispanic and white non-Hispanic women have changed and to identify factors that may have influenced change and determine racial differences in cumulative live birth rates. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of the SARTCORS database outcomes for 2014–2016 compared with those previously reported in 2004–2006 and 1999/2000. Patient demographics, etiology of infertility, and cycle outcomes were compared between black non-hispanic and white non-hispanic patients. Categorical values were compared using Chi-squared testing. Continuous variables were compared using t-test. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess confounders. Results We analyzed 122,721 autologous, fresh, non-donor embryo cycles from 2014 to 2016 of which 13,717 cycles from black and 109,004 cycles from white women. The proportion of cycles from black women increased from 6.5 to 8.4%. Cycles from black women were almost 3 times more likely to have tubal and/or uterine factor and body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that black women had a lower live birth rate (OR 0.71;P < 0.001) and a lower cumulative live birth rate for their initial cycle (OR 0.64; P < 0.001) independent of age, parity, body mass index, etiology of infertility, ovarian reserve, cycle cancellation, past spontaneous abortions, use of intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection or number of embryos transferred. A lower proportion of cycles in black women were represented among non-mandated states (P < 0.001) and cycles in black women were associated with higher clinical live birth rates in mandated states (P = 0.006). Conclusions Disparities in assisted reproductive technology outcomes in the US have persisted for black women over the last 15 years. Limited access to state mandated insurance may be contributory. Race has continued to be an independent prognostic factor for live birth and cumulative live birth rate from assisted reproductive technology in the US.

scholarly journals Investigation of Racial Disparities in Early Supportive Medication Use and End-of-Life Care Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Stage IV Breast Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (19) ◽  
pp. 2265-2270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon K. Check ◽  
Cleo A. Samuel ◽  
Donald L. Rosenstein ◽  
Stacie B. Dusetzina
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
White Women ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Stage Iv Breast Cancer

Purpose Early supportive care may improve quality of life and end-of-life care among patients with cancer. We assessed racial disparities in early use of medications for common cancer symptoms (depression, anxiety, insomnia) and whether these potential disparities modify end-of-life care. Methods We used 2007 to 2012 SEER-Medicare data to evaluate use of supportive medications (opioid pain medications and nonopioid psychotropics, including antidepressants/anxiolytics and sleep aids) in the 90 days postdiagnosis among black and white women with stage IV breast cancer who died between 2007 and 2012. We used modified Poisson regression to assess the relationship between race and supportive treatment use and end-of-life care (hospice, intensive care unit, more than one emergency department visit or hospitalization 30 days before death, in-hospital death). Results The study included 752 white and 131 black women. We observed disparities in nonopioid psychotropic use between black and white women (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.51; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.74) but not in opioid pain medication use. There were also disparities in hospice use (aRR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.99), intensive care unit admission or more than one emergency department visit or hospitalization 30 days before death (aRR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.63), and risk of dying in the hospital (aRR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.09). Supportive medication use did not attenuate end-of-life care disparities. Conclusion We observed racial disparities in early supportive medication use among patients with stage IV breast cancer. Although they did not clearly attenuate end-of-life care disparities, medication use disparities may be of concern if they point to disparities in adequacy of symptom management given the potential implications for quality of life.

scholarly journals Health Care Segregation, Physician Recommendation, and Racial Disparities in BRCA1/2 Testing Among Women With Breast Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (22) ◽  
pp. 2610-2618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marie McCarthy ◽  
Mirar Bristol ◽  
Susan M. Domchek ◽  
Peter W. Groeneveld ◽  
Younji Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
White Women ◽  
Physician Recommendation ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Physician Characteristics ◽  
White Patients

Purpose Racial disparities in BRCA1/2 testing have been documented, but causes of these disparities are poorly understood. The study objective was to investigate whether the distribution of black and white patients across cancer providers contributes to disparities in BRCA1/2 testing. Patients and Methods We conducted a population-based study of women in Pennsylvania and Florida who were 18 to 64 years old and diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 2007 and 2009, linking cancer registry data, the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile, and patient and physician surveys. The study included 3,016 women (69% white, 31% black), 808 medical oncologists, and 732 surgeons. Results Black women were less likely to undergo BRCA1/2 testing than white women (odds ratio [OR], 0.40; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.48; P < .001). This difference was attenuated but not eliminated by adjustment for mutation risk, clinical factors, sociodemographic characteristics, and attitudes about testing (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P < .001). The care of black and white women was highly segregated across surgeons and oncologists (index of dissimilarity 64.1 and 61.9, respectively), but adjusting for clustering within physician or physician characteristics did not change the size of the testing disparity. Black women were less likely to report that they had received physician recommendation for BRCA1/2 testing even after adjusting for mutation risk (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.82; P < .001). Adjusting for physician recommendation further attenuated the testing disparity (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.57 to 1.02; P = .06). Conclusion Although black and white patients with breast cancer tend to see different surgeons and oncologists, this distribution does not contribute to disparities in BRCA1/2 testing. Instead, residual racial differences in testing after accounting for patient and physician characteristics are largely attributable to differences in physician recommendations. Efforts to address these disparities should focus on ensuring equity in testing recommendations.

scholarly journals White Women Mothering Mixed-Race Children in a Black-White Interracial Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Lu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
White Women ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Interracial Relationships ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Black British ◽  
The Us ◽  
Interracial Relationship

It is over five decades since ‘River of Blood,’ the speech about race in Britain, has been acknowledged as the symbol of discrimination towards immigration and minorities like Black British. Meanwhile, America, as another traditional western cultural center, has faced more serious issues during the process of human equality. Loving. V. Virginia, as a legal milestone of Civil Rights in the US, has influenced the public attitude of the majority towards interracial union; however, the discrimination and prejudice have become more invisible via the changing of societal environment.  Although the anti-miscegenation movement has been treated as the big step of human rights, the union between black and white faces misunderstanding, even stigmas in their daily lives.  Hence, taking black-white interracial relationships as examples, from white women’s perspective, this essay will examine the dilemma between their own cognition of cultural identities and being partially embedded into a different culture when ‘marrying-out’ and raising mixed-race children. 

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