scholarly journals Factors influencing the uptake of evidence in child health policy-making: results of a survey among 23 European countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Zdunek ◽  
Denise Alexander ◽  
Peter Schröder-Bäck ◽  
Michael Rigby ◽  
Mitch Blair
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Child Health Policy ◽  
Culture Development

Abstract Background The ability to successfully transfer knowledge across international boundaries to improve health across the European Region is dependent on an in-depth understanding of the many factors involved in policy creation. Across countries we can observe various approaches to evidence usage in the policy-making process. This study, which was a part of the Models of Child Health Appraised (MOCHA) project assessing patterns of children’s primary care in Europe, focused on how and what kind of evidence is used in child health policy-making processes in European countries and how it is applied to inform policy and practice. Method In this study, a qualitative approach was used. The data were analysed in accordance with the thematic analysis protocol. The MOCHA project methodology relies on experienced country agents (CA) recruited for the project and paid to deliver child health data in each of 30 European countries. CAs are national experts in the child health field who defined the country-specific structured information and data. A questionnaire designed as a semi-structured survey instrument asked CAs to indicate the sources of evidence used in the policy-making process and what needed to be in place to support evidence uptake in policy and practice. Results In our data we observed two approaches to evidence usage in child health policy formulation. The scientific approach in our understanding refers to the so-called bottom-up initiatives of academia which identify and respond to the population’s needs. Institutional approaches can be informed by scientific resources as well; however, the driving forces here are governmental institutions, whose decisions and choices are based not only on the population needs but also on political, economic and organizational factors. The evidence used in Europe can also be of an external or internal nature. Various factors can affect the use of evidence in child health policy-making. Facilitators are correlated with strong scientific culture development, whereas barriers are defined by a poor tradition of implementing changes based on reliable evidence. Conclusions Focusing on the facilitators and actively working to reduce the barriers can perceivably lead to faster and more robust policy-making, including the development of a culture of scientific grounding in policy creation.

scholarly journals Strengthening the link between policy formulation and implementation of Indigenous health policy directions

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Matthews ◽  
Lisa R Jackson Pulver ◽  
Ian T Ring
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Government Level

This study aimed to understand the problems within the Indigenous health policy process in Australia and how weaknesses in the process impact on policy implementation. Using semistructured questions, 23 key stakeholders in the policy-making process were interviewed. Three main themes dominated; a need for increased Indigenous involvement in policy formulation at the senior Australian Government level, increased participation of Indigenous community-controlled health organisations in the policy-making process and, most importantly, ensuring that policies have the necessary resources for their implementation. The emergence of these specific themes demonstrated weaknesses in policy process from the formulation stage onward. Tackling these would, according to our informants, significantly enhance the effectiveness of the policy process and contribute to further improvement of the health of Indigenous Australians.

scholarly journals The Value of Anthropology in Child Health Policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Spray
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Child Health Policy ◽  
Streptococcus A ◽  
Government Initiative

AbstractWorking at the nexus of medical anthropology and the anthropology of childhood, this article challenges three assumptions often embedded in child health policy: (1) children are the passive recipients of healthcare; (2) children’s knowledge of illness and their body can be assumed based on adult understandings; and (3) children’s healthcare can be isolated from their social relations. I explore these themes through the case study of a 2011 New Zealand government initiative to reduce the rates of rheumatic fever affecting low-income Māori and Pasifika children. Drawing on fieldwork with around 80 children at an Auckland primary school, I show how the ‘sore throat’ programme does not merely treat streptococcus A infections, but plays an active role in constituting children’s experiences and understandings of their bodies and illness, and in shaping healthcare practices in ways unintended by policy-makers.

Promoting the uptake of preventative Aboriginal child health policy in Western Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
Sue Bradshaw ◽  
Leonie Hellwig ◽  
Diann Peate ◽  
Anne Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Aboriginal Child ◽  
Child Health Policy

scholarly journals Analysis of changes in maternal and child health policy in a capital of northeastern Brazil. Dilemmas and challenges for care

10.3823/2150 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo de Sousa Soares ◽  
Ulisses U Anjos ◽  
Rodrigo PT Vianna ◽  
Adernanda R Guimarães ◽  
Luciano B Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Child Health Policy ◽  
And Child Health

scholarly journals Designing transdisciplinary projects for collaborative policy-making: The Integration and Implementation Sciences framework as a tool for reflection

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Melissa Robson-Williams ◽  
Bruce Small ◽  
Roger Robson-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Water Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Practice Change ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Transdisciplinary Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Community Values ◽  
Project Completion ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Environmental Limits

Collaborative policy-making has increased in New Zealand, and with it has brought new demands for supporting research. As a tool for reflection of projects where both research and societal outcomes of policy and practice change are pursued and multiple knowledges are recognised, we use the Integration and Implementation Sciences framework. We present insights for the design and implementation of transdisciplinary research from the Selwyn Waihora Project, which aimed to produce socially robust information to support land and water policy-making in New Zealand’s South Island.The Selwyn Waihora Project was a research project supporting a collaborative policy-making process to set environmental limits in the Selwyn Waihora catchment in New Zealand’s South Island. In this Design Report we reflect on this project based on data collected from a range of project participants approximately two years after project completion. The data collection was guided by the Integration and Implementation Sciences framework (i2S). On the basis of participant responses, and the authors’ first-hand experiences working on the project, we present insights for transdisciplinary research. Through the questions asked by the i2S framework insights emerged on: what it means to honour community values; the importance of context but that projects can pay too much attention to it; boundary objects to foster integration across multiple knowledge systems; the value of intra-team narratives for translation; the importance of considering the losers of the research; and sharing the burden of uncertainty.

scholarly journals Citizen Participation in the Formulation of Public Policy in Mombasa County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-107
Author(s):  
Stephen Kiruku Kamau ◽  
Daniel Mange Mbirithi
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
County Government ◽  
Public Policy Making ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Main Factors

To assist the government in determining its mandate, citizens should be involved as they best know their needs. The significance of citizen engagement in the process of policy formulation is rooted in among others, the fact that public policy outputs and effects affect those to whom the policy is targeted at. This study aimed to determine the effect of public participation in the public policy making process in Mombasa County, Kenya. The objectives of the research were; to establish the modes of citizen participation used in public policy making process in Mombasa County, Kenya; to determine the main factors that influence citizen participation in public policy making process; to establish the implication of citizen participation in public policy making process and to determine the extent of citizen/ public participation in public policy making process. The study was guided by Good Governance Theory.  The study utilized descriptive survey research design. The study targeted 560 County government and civil society representatives including women leaders, youth leaders and people living with disabilities representatives. The study used Yamane formulae to determine the sample size of 233 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed to select respondents. Data were collected through primary sources which include questionnaire, and interview schedule; while the secondary data were collected from the documentary sources. Data analysis involved both quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially, and presented through frequency tables, pie chart and bar graphs. Qualitative data were analyzed by themes and presented through narration and pros forms. The findings of the study established that the main factors that affect citizen participation in formulation of public policy include direct benefits (financial, material), tangible or non-tangible to long or short term, among others. Other factors such as culture, history, government policy and social, political and economic structures influence community participation. Also, the findings of the study revealed that citizens are well acquainted with public policy processes and there is effective county government guidelines and clear standards enhance public policy making processes. The study findings revealed that involvement in policy formulation is positively related to performance. Also, consultation enables easy supervision of work. The research also concluded that education is essential for both parties who are participating towards high quality public policy formulation as it would certainly reduce unnecessary manipulation and the problem brought on by lack of knowledge, accountability and transparency and understanding of each party’s requirements. The study recommends that County Government of Mombasa should establish a participatory framework that allows citizens to monitor and evaluate development outcomes in the counties to ensure better decision making and implementation for subsequent projects and plans.

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