The share of ultra-processed foods and the overall nutritional quality of diets in the US: evidence from a nationally representative cross-sectional study

Objectives: The development and severity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to a number of psychosocial risk factors. Research has shown that the amount of social capital in a community influences the physical and mental health of community members. We assessed the independent role of perceived neighborhood context, including physical and socioeconomic characteristics, and collective efficacy, a form of social capital, on ADHD prevalence. Methods: Cross-sectional study utilizing the 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health, a nationally representative dataset. The population of interest was children between the ages of four and seventeen living in randomly selected households. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the association between indices of perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions, built environment, and collective efficacy (study exposures) on risk of ADHD (outcome), controlling for pertinent individual and family risk factors.Results: 9.8 percent of children in the US (ages 4‐17) had ADHD as reported by their caregiver. In multivariate analysis, white race, male gender, increased geographic mobility, exposure to household smoke, exposure to > 2 hours/day TV, and maternal mental illness increased the odds of ADHD, while a two‐parent household reduced the odds. The highest level of perceived neighborhood collective efficacy was associated with reduced risk of ADHD compared to lower levels of perceived collective efficacy (adjusted OR: 0.785; 95% CI: 0.650-0.946; p=.011). Perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and built environment were not associated with ADHD risk.Results: Nine percent of children in the US (ages 4-17 ) had ADHD as reported by their caregiver. Univariately, all 3 neighborhood characteristics were associated with risk of ADHD (p-value =.01, .04, and .0002 for socioeconomic conditions, built environment, and collective efficacy, respectively). After accounting for well-established risk factors for ADHD, perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and built environment were no longer associated with ADHD, while collective efficacy remained significant (p=.0002). Lower level of perceived neighborhood collective efficacy was associated with increased risk of ADHD (OR: 1.7; 95\% CI: 1.3-2.2, comparing the lowest with the highest level).Conclusions: Our study suggests that perceived neighborhood collective efficacy may buffer the impact of individual-and family-level risk factors for ADHD in children.

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Do depressed patients on adjunctive atypical antipsychotics demonstrate a better quality of life compared to those on antidepressants only? (a comparative cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of the united states population)

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2014.03.1289 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. A220

Author(s):

Y.S. Alruthia ◽

S.H. Hong ◽

D.K. Solomon

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

United States ◽

Atypical Antipsychotics ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

United States Population ◽

Nationally Representative

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A cross-sectional study of the nutritional quality of student canteen purchases from New South Wales primary-school canteens

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019001903 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (16) ◽

pp. 3092-3100 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tessa Delaney ◽

Rachel Sutherland ◽

Rebecca Wyse ◽

Luke Wolfenden ◽

Christophe Lecathelinais ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Quality ◽

New South ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

South Wales ◽

School Canteen

AbstractObjective:To assess the nutritional quality of student canteen purchases at recess and lunch, including: (i) the mean energy (kilojoules), saturated fat (grams), total sugar (grams) and Na (milligrams) and percentage of energy from saturated fat and total sugar; and (ii) the proportion and types of foods purchased that are healthier (green) and less healthy (amber/red) according to a state school canteen policy.Design:A cross-sectional study of student canteen food and beverage recess and lunch purchases.Setting:Twenty-six randomly selected government primary schools that were non-compliant with a state school canteen policy from a region of New South Wales, Australia, were approached to participate.Participants:Students (aged 5–12 years) of participating schools.Results:Eighteen schools (69 %) consented to participate. On average students’ recess purchases contained 571·2 kJ energy, 1·6 g saturated fat, 11·6 g total sugar and 132·4 mg Na with 10·0 % of energy from saturated fat and 37·8 % of energy from total sugar. Students’ lunch purchases contained 685·4 kJ energy, 1·8 g saturated fat, 12·7 g total sugar and 151·4 mg Na with 9·5 % of energy from saturated fat and 31·8 % of energy from total sugar. Less healthy items represented 72 and 76 % of all items purchased at recess and lunch, respectively, with ‘savoury snacks’ and ‘sugar-sweetened ice blocks and slushies’ being the most common recess and lunch purchases, respectively.Conclusions:There is considerable scope to improve the nutritional quality of student purchases from primary-school canteens, with a high percentage of energy from total sugar. Future research is required to identify effective strategies to enhance compliance with canteen policies and support the purchase of healthier foods from school canteens.

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Consumption of ultra-processed foods and associated sociodemographic factors in the USA between 2007 and 2012: evidence from a nationally representative cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020574 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. e020574 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Larissa Galastri Baraldi ◽

Euridice Martinez Steele ◽

Daniela Silva Canella ◽

Carlos Augusto Monteiro

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Processed Food ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

The Usa ◽

Nationally Representative

ObjectivesTo compare ultra-processed food consumption across sociodemographic groups and over time (2007–2008, 2009–2010, 2011–2012) in the USA.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012.ParticipantsAll individuals aged ≥2 years with at least one 24-hour dietary recall were included (n=23 847).Main outcome measuresAverage dietary contribution of ultra-processed foods (expressed as a percentage of the total caloric value of the diet), obtained after classifying all food items according to extent and purpose of industrial food processing using NOVA classification.Data analysisLinear regression was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic characteristics or NHANES cycles and dietary contribution of ultra-processed foods.ResultsAlmost 60% of calories consumed in the period 2007–2012 came from ultra-processed foods. Consumption of ultra-processed foods decreased with age and income level, was higher for non-Hispanic whites or non-Hispanic blacks than for other race/ethnicity groups and lower for people with college than for lower levels of education, all differences being statistically significant. Overall contribution of ultra-processed foods increased significantly between NHANES cycles (nearly 1% point per cycle), the same being observed among males, adolescents and high school education-level individuals.ConclusionsUltra-processed food consumption in the USA in the period 2007–2012 was overall high, greater among non-Hispanic whites or non-Hispanic blacks, less educated, younger, lower-income strata and increased across time.

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Nutritional quality of foods and non-alcoholic beverages advertised on Brazilian free-to-air television: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-08527-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fernanda Helena Marrocos Leite ◽

Laís Amaral Mais ◽

Camila Zancheta Ricardo ◽

Giovanna Calixto Andrade ◽

Julia Soares Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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Nutritional quality of snacks for preschoolers recommended on the internet

Journal of Human Growth and Development ◽

10.7322/jhgd.127654 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 64

Author(s):

Vanessa Fernandes Amadei Santos ◽

Felipe Silva Neves ◽

Mirella Lima Binoti ◽

Larissa Loures Mendes

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Web Pages ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Author Identification ◽

The Media ◽

Calcium Iron ◽

Lay Public

Introduction: Concerns about proper nutrition in childhood have been highlighted by the media. This is accompanied by an ongoing increase in the number of Internet pages, including those on social networks, channeled toward providing health information. Objective: To analyze the nutritional quality of snack recipes presented on web pages, aimed at preschoolers and described as healthy. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out in 2015. A search was made for Brazilian web pages aimed at the lay public, and that contained snacks for children between 2 and 6 years of age. The first 20 URLs located by the search engine were selected and 10% of the recipes were set apart. The snacks were checked for compliance with steps 6, 7, and 8 of the Food Guide. Subsequently, nutritional labels were made for the preparations that met the three pre-established steps. Results: 85% of the pages were sites, 5% were blogs, and the rest were identified as sites/blogs. It was found that all were readable/comprehensible and 40% provided author identification. Of the 35 preparations initially observed, 31.4% met all three steps for healthy eating. In the qualitative analysis, seven were considered hypocaloric; only one of the snacks came close to the proposed carbohydrate content; two had excess protein. In general, the recipes had low quantities of: lipids, calcium, iron, sodium, and fiber. Conclusions: less than half of the addresses consulted identified the author. In addition, the recipes were predominantly misleading, as most had inadequacies in macronutrient and micronutrient content.

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Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods by Pesco-Vegetarians, Vegetarians, and Vegans: Associations with Duration and Age at Diet Initiation

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxaa196 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 151 (1) ◽

pp. 120-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joséphine Gehring ◽

Mathilde Touvier ◽

Julia Baudry ◽

Chantal Julia ◽

Camille Buscail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Quality ◽

Vegetarian Diet ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Industrial Plant ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Daily Food ◽

Dietary Records ◽

Vegetarian Diets

ABSTRACT Background There is a growing availability of industrial plant-based meat and dairy substitutes that can be classified as ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Very little is known about the consumption of UPFs by vegetarians. Objective The aim of this cross-sectional study, from the NutriNet-Santé cohort, was to describe the contribution of UPFs to different vegetarian diets, in relation to the nutritional quality of their diet, and determinants of UPF consumption, including duration and age at vegetarian diet initiation. Methods The study population (n = 21,212) was divided into 4 groups: 19,812 meat eaters, 646 pesco-vegetarians, 500 vegetarians, and 254 vegans. Daily food intakes were collected using repeated 24-h dietary records. Vegetarian diets were described by the proportion of energy from UPFs and the nutritional quality of the diet using healthy and unhealthy plant-based diet indices (PDIs). In a subsample without meat eaters (n = 1,400), a multivariable linear regression model was performed to study the association between UPF consumption and its determinants. Results Higher avoidance of animal-based foods was associated with a higher consumption of UPFs (P < 0.001), with UPFs supplying 33.0%, 32.5%, 37.0%, and 39.5% of energy intakes for meat eaters, pesco-vegetarians, vegetarians, and vegans. The nutritional quality of diets was also associated with the level of animal-based foods avoidance (P < 0.001), with healthy PDIs at 53.5, 60.6, 61.3 and 67.9 for meat-eaters, pesco-vegetarians, vegetarians, and vegans. Short duration and young age at diet initiation were associated with an increased consumption of UPFs (βage at initiation = −0.003, P = 0.001; βduration = −0.002, P < 0.001). Conclusions Not all vegetarian diets necessarily have health benefits, because of potential adverse effects of UPFs on nutritional quality and healthiness of diet. UPF consumption by vegetarians and their diet characteristics should be considered in future studies on the links between vegetarianism and health. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03335644.

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Is FOP Nutrition Label Nutri-Score Well Understood by Consumers When Comparing the Nutritional Quality of Added Fats, and Does It Negatively Impact the Image of Olive Oil?

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10092209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 2209

Author(s):

Morgane Fialon ◽

Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽

Nancy Babio ◽

Mathilde Touvier ◽

Serge Hercberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Olive Oil ◽

Nutritional Quality ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritional Qualities

It has been suggested that the current ranking of olive oil by Nutri-Score (C) is not in line with its nutritional quality and could have a negative impact on the sales and consumption of olive oil, especially compared to other added fats with lower nutritional qualities One of the objectives of this study is to investigate consumers’ understanding of Nutri-Score when comparing the nutritional quality of added fats, and to test whether or not Nutri-Score has a negative impact on the image and the choice of olive oil in a sample of Spanish consumers. A cross-sectional study of 486 Spanish adults (mean age ± SD: 45.8 ± 14.0 years; 48.6% women) was conducted. Subjects were recruited through a web panel provider to participate in an online questionnaire. Almost 80% of participants declared that Nutri-Score was useful for recognizing the differences in nutritional quality between the eight added fats presented in the study; 89.1% rightly identified that olive oil was among the added fats with the best nutritional quality (vs. 4.1% for rapeseed oil (Nutri-Score C), and less than 3% for other added fats (Nutri-Score D or E)). When asked about which added fat they would buy more frequently, 86.2% of participants selected olive oil. Then, after being reminded that among added fats, the Nutri-Score C given to olive oil was the best grade, a majority of participants declared that they would keep consuming olive oil as much as before (71.4%). Finally, almost 78% of participants thought that Nutri-Score should be displayed on olive oil. In conclusion, the results of our study suggest that displaying Nutri-Score on olive oil was well accepted and understood by a large majority of participants who appeared to accept the current ranking of the Nutri-Score for olive oil (Nutri-Score C).

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