scholarly journals Identifying configurations of behavior change techniques in effective medication adherence interventions: a qualitative comparative analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Kahwati ◽  
Meera Viswanathan ◽  
Carol E. Golin ◽  
Heather Kane ◽  
Megan Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Adherence Interventions ◽  
Effective Medication

Behavioral Theories and Motivational Features Underlying eHealth Interventions for Adolescent Antiretroviral Adherence: A Systematic Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemitu Mequanint Bezabih ◽  
Kathrin Gerling ◽  
Workeabeba Abebe ◽  
Vero Vanden Abeele
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Motivational Design ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Adherence Interventions

BACKGROUND Electronic health (eHealth) interventions provide new opportunities for the delivery of ART adherence interventions for adolescents. Reviews have examined their effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability. However, studies have not systematically explored the extent to which interventions are grounded in theory to guide the selection of behavior change techniques (BCTs) and their design in the application. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review was to explore which health behavior theories support eHealth ART interventions for adolescents, and which BCTs are present in the design of the chosen platforms. Additionally, we investigated whether more extensive use of theory was associated with higher quality of the study and higher impact of the intervention. METHODS A systematic search was applied on IEEE Xplore, ACM, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases. The results were reported following the PRISMA guidelines. Theory use and BCTs were coded using the Theory Coding Scheme (TCS) and the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy version 1 (BCTTv1) respectively. Design principles were identified using the Lenses of Motivational Design for mHealth. RESULTS Twenty-four papers describing fifteen different eHealth interventions were included. Out of the fifteen interventions, ten were grounded in theory, of which only three used theories extensively. None of the included studies relied on theories addressing adolescent developmental psychology. Interventions used forty-two different behavior change techniques, most commonly ‘prompts/cues’. Moreover, twenty-four motivational design principles were applied, most common was the technique of ‘reminding’. Simplistic applications (SMS texting and phone calls) were most frequent delivery platforms, yet smartphone apps were also emerging. Most of the included eHealth applications reported positive impact. CONCLUSIONS The overall evaluation of the design process of eHealth interventions indicated gaps in the use of theory, behavior change techniques, and how these were translated into design principles in the chosen technology platform. None of the theory-based interventions provided strong justifications why and how the respective theories were selected, or how appropriate these theories are for adolescents in particular. Moreover, none of the included interventions considered specific theories on adolescent developmental psychology to guide ART adherence interventions. In sum, theories, BCTs and features that tailor specifically to adolescents are still missing; instead adolescents are simply considered young adults.

scholarly journals Use of Brief Messages Based on Behavior Change Techniques to Encourage Medication Adherence in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Developmental Studies (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Kiera Bartlett ◽  
Andrew Farmer ◽  
Rustam Rea ◽  
David P French
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Adherence Support

BACKGROUND Brief messages are a promising way to improve adherence to medication for people with type 2 diabetes. However, it is often unclear how messages have been developed and their precise content, making it difficult to ascertain why certain messages are successful and some are not. OBJECTIVE The goal of the research was to develop messages that have proven fidelity to specified evidence-derived behavior change techniques (BCTs) and are acceptable to people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Four studies were conducted: (1) a workshop (n=21) where behavioral change researchers and health care professionals developed messages based on specific BCTs or beliefs or concerns related to taking medication, (2) a focus group study with people with type 2 diabetes (n=23) to assess acceptability of the approach, (3) a survey to ascertain the acceptability of a subset of messages to people with type 2 diabetes (n=61) and, (4) a survey with behavior change researchers to assess the fidelity of a subset of messages to their intended BCT (n=18). RESULTS In study 1, 371 messages based on 38 BCTs and beliefs/concerns were developed. Workshop participants rated BCTs to be relevant to medication adherence (mean 7.12/10 [SD 1.55]) and messages to have good fidelity (mean 7.42/10 [SD 1.19]). In study 2, the approach of providing medication adherence support through text messages was found to be acceptable. In study 3, mean acceptability of all BCTs was found to be above the midpoint (mean 3.49/5 [SD 0.26]). In study 4, mean fidelity for all BCTs was found to be above the midpoint (mean 7.61/10 [SD 1.38]). CONCLUSIONS A library of brief messages acceptable to people with type 2 diabetes and representative of specific evidence-derived BCTs was developed. This approach allowed brief messages to be developed with known content that can be used to test theory.

scholarly journals Interactive Two-Way mHealth Interventions for Improving Medication Adherence: An Evaluation Using The Behaviour Change Wheel Framework (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Chiang ◽  
Michael Guo ◽  
K Rivet Amico ◽  
Lou Atkins ◽  
Richard T Lester
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Therapy Adherence ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence ◽  
Behavior Change Wheel

BACKGROUND Medication adherence is an important but highly complex set of behaviors, which for life-threatening and infectious diseases such as HIV carry critical consequences for individual and public health. There is growing evidence that mobile phone text messaging interventions (mHealth) connecting providers with patients positively impact medication adherence, particularly two-way engagement platforms that require bidirectional communication versus one-way in which responses are not mandatory. However, mechanisms of action have not been well defined. The Behavior Change Wheel is a comprehensive framework for behavior change that includes an all-encompassing model of behavior known as Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behavior and is complemented by a taxonomy of behavior change techniques. Evaluating mHealth interventions for medication adherence using these tools could provide useful insights that may contribute to optimizing their integration into the healthcare system and successful scaling-up. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to help address the current knowledge gap regarding how two-way mHealth interventions for medication adherence may work by applying the Behavior Change Wheel to characterize WelTel: an interactive digital health outreach platform with robust evidence for improving adherence to antiretroviral therapy. METHODS To characterize how WelTel may promote medication adherence, we applied the Behavior Change Wheel to systematically (1) generate a behavioral diagnosis through mapping known antiretroviral therapy adherence barriers onto the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behavior model of behavior, (2) specify the behavior change techniques that WelTel delivers, (3) link identified behavior change techniques to corresponding intervention functions of the Behavior Change Wheel, and (4) connect these behavior change techniques and intervention functions to respective Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behavior influences on behavior to determine potential mechanisms of action. RESULTS Our evaluation of WelTel using the Behavior Change Wheel suggests that most of its impact is delivered primarily through its personalized communication component, in which 8 different behavior change techniques were identified and linked with 5 intervention functions (environmental restructuring, enablement, education, persuasion, and training). Its mechanisms of action in promoting antiretroviral therapy adherence may involve addressing all Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behavior influences on behavior (physical and psychological capability, physical and social opportunity, reflective and automatic motivation). CONCLUSIONS Systematically unpacking the potential active ingredients of effective interventions facilitates the creation and implementation of more parsimonious, tailored, and targeted approaches. Evaluating WelTel using the Behavior Change Wheel has provided valuable insights into how and why such interactive two-way mHealth interventions may produce greater impact than one-way in addressing both nonintentional and intentional forms of nonadherence. The application of the Behavior Change Wheel for evidence synthesis across mHealth interventions targeting various conditions would contribute to strengthening the knowledge base regarding how they may work to impact medication adherence behavior.

Behavior Change Techniques in Apps for Medication Adherence

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. e143-e146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eimear C. Morrissey ◽  
Teresa K. Corbett ◽  
Jane C. Walsh ◽  
Gerard J. Molloy
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques

scholarly journals Use of Brief Messages Based on Behavior Change Techniques to Encourage Medication Adherence in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Developmental Studies

10.2196/15989 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. e15989
Author(s):  
Yvonne Kiera Bartlett ◽  
Andrew Farmer ◽  
Rustam Rea ◽  
David P French
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Adherence Support

Background Brief messages are a promising way to improve adherence to medication for people with type 2 diabetes. However, it is often unclear how messages have been developed and their precise content, making it difficult to ascertain why certain messages are successful and some are not. Objective The goal of the research was to develop messages that have proven fidelity to specified evidence-derived behavior change techniques (BCTs) and are acceptable to people with type 2 diabetes. Methods Four studies were conducted: (1) a workshop (n=21) where behavioral change researchers and health care professionals developed messages based on specific BCTs or beliefs or concerns related to taking medication, (2) a focus group study with people with type 2 diabetes (n=23) to assess acceptability of the approach, (3) a survey to ascertain the acceptability of a subset of messages to people with type 2 diabetes (n=61) and, (4) a survey with behavior change researchers to assess the fidelity of a subset of messages to their intended BCT (n=18). Results In study 1, 371 messages based on 38 BCTs and beliefs/concerns were developed. Workshop participants rated BCTs to be relevant to medication adherence (mean 7.12/10 [SD 1.55]) and messages to have good fidelity (mean 7.42/10 [SD 1.19]). In study 2, the approach of providing medication adherence support through text messages was found to be acceptable. In study 3, mean acceptability of all BCTs was found to be above the midpoint (mean 3.49/5 [SD 0.26]). In study 4, mean fidelity for all BCTs was found to be above the midpoint (mean 7.61/10 [SD 1.38]). Conclusions A library of brief messages acceptable to people with type 2 diabetes and representative of specific evidence-derived BCTs was developed. This approach allowed brief messages to be developed with known content that can be used to test theory.

Qualitative Comparative Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Federo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis

Impact of Globalisation on Pandemics: A comparative study on SARS and Covid-19 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Johann And Devika
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Relationship

BACKGROUND Since November 2019, Covid - 19 has spread across the globe costing people their lives and countries their economic stability. The world has become more interconnected over the past few decades owing to globalisation and such pandemics as the Covid -19 are cons of that. This paper attempts to gain deeper understanding into the correlation between globalisation and pandemics. It is a descriptive analysis on how one of the factors that was responsible for the spread of this virus on a global scale is globalisation. OBJECTIVE - To understand the close relationship that globalisation and pandemics share. - To understand the scale of the spread of viruses on a global scale though a comparison between SARS and Covid -19. - To understand the sale of globalisation present during SARS and Covid - 19. METHODS A descriptive qualitative comparative analysis was used throughout this research. RESULTS Globalisation does play a significant role in the spread of pandemics on a global level. CONCLUSIONS - SARS and Covid - 19 were varied in terms of severity and spread. - The scale of globalisation was different during the time of SARS and Covid - 19. - Globalisation can be the reason for the faster spread in Pandemics.

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