scholarly journals Situation awareness modeling for emergency management on offshore platforms

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Nasir Danial ◽  
Jennifer Smith ◽  
Faisal Khan ◽  
Brian Veitch
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Markov Logic ◽  
Cognitive States ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Fire Accidents

Abstract Situation awareness is the first and most important step in emergency management. It is a dynamic step involving evolving conditions and environments. It is an area of active research. This study presents a Markov Logic Network to model SA focusing on fire accidents and emergency evacuation. The model has been trained using empirical data obtained from case studies. The case studies involved human participants who were trained for responding to emergencies involving fire and smoke using a virtual environment. The simulated (queried) and empirical findings are reasonably consistent. The proposed model enables implementing an agent that exploits environmental cues and cognitive states to determine the type of emergency currently being faced. Considering each emergency type as a situation, the model can be used to develop a repertoire of situations for agents so that the repertoire can act as an agent’s experience for later decision-making.

scholarly journals Ship leadership, situation awareness and crew safety behavior - Pre-registered replications in two survey datasets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Sætrevik ◽  
Sigurd William Hystad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Self Report ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Safety Behavior ◽  
Cognitive States ◽  
Safety Work ◽  
Subjective Risk

Situation awareness is often assumed to be central for safety work. A self-reported measure can measure context-general situation awareness in large datasets and test its relationships with other variables relevant for safety. A previous study (Sætrevik and Hystad, 2017, Safety Science) found that authentic leadership predicted situation awareness and self-report of committing unsafe actions. Additionally, situation awareness predicted subjective risk assessment and committing unsafe actions. The current study performed pre-registered analyzes that attempted to replicate these effects in two novel survey datasets. Both datasets replicated the associations between situation awareness and unsafe actions, and between situation awareness and subjective risk assessment. The dataset that measured leadership found it to be associated with both situation awareness and unsafe actions. The pre-registered structural equation models explained large amounts of the variance in situation awareness and unsafe actions, and medium to large amounts of the variance in subjective risk assessment. We also tested adjusted models that incorporated more of the measured items and improved the validity of the measures. The study also supports the claim that a crew member’s cognitive states are associated with safety outcomes, and that leadership qualities may facilitate this relationship. This pre-registered replication in two novel datasets demonstrates the reliability of the previously identified relationships.

Crowdsourcing, data and information fusion and situation awareness for emergency Management of forest fires: The project DF100Fogo (FDWithoutFire)

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 101172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan C.M. Oliveira ◽  
Leonardo C. Botega ◽  
Jordan F. Saran ◽  
Jordana N. Silva ◽  
Jéssica O.S.F. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Information Fusion ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Forest Fires

Social Media for Disaster Awareness and Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 82-116
Author(s):  
Akhila Manne ◽  
Madhu Bala Myneni
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Event Detection ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Awareness Information ◽  
Disaster Management System

Social media has redefined crisis management in the recent years. Extraction of situation awareness information from social media sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, etc. is a non-trivial task once the required framework is established. Unfortunately, most public safety authorities are still suspicious of using social media in engaging and disseminating information. This chapter reports on how social media can be effectively used in the field of emergency management along with the opportunities and challenges put forth. The chapter starts with a discussion on the functions of social media and its trustworthiness. It provides a description of the framework for disaster management system and the methodology to be adopted. The methodology consists of volunteer classification, methods of data collection, challenges faced, event detection, and data characterization with currently available disaster management tools. The chapter concludes with the division between practice and research and moves toward envisioning how social media may be used as a resource in emergency management.

Operational and Strategic Decisions in Engineering Design Games

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Grogan ◽  
Alparslan Emrah Bayrak
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Operational Decisions ◽  
Operational Design ◽  
Load Limit ◽  
Dynamic Decisions ◽  
Human Participants

Engineering design games model decision-making activities by incorporating human participants in an entertaining platform. This article distinguishes between design decisions at operational and strategic timescales as important features of engineering design games. Operational decisions consider static and short-term dynamic decisions to establish a player’s situation awareness and initial entertainment. Strategic decisions consider longer-term dynamic decisions subject to large uncertainties to retain player engagement. However, constraints on cognitive load limit the ability to simultaneously address both lower-level operational design decisions and higher-level strategic decisions such as collaboration or sustainability. Partial automation can be introduced to reduce cognitive load for operational decisions and focus additional effort on strategic decisions. To illustrate tradeoffs between operational and strategic decisions, this paper discusses example cases for two existing games: Orbital Federates and EcoRacer. Discussion highlights the role of automation and entertainment in engaging human participants in engineering design games and makes recommendations for design of future engineering design games.

Comparing Different Crowd Emergency Evacuation Models Based on Human Centered Sensing Criteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaziar Radianti ◽  
Ole-Christoffer Granmo ◽  
Noureddine Bouhmala ◽  
Parvaneh Sarshar ◽  
Jose J. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Crowd Behavior ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
New Class ◽  
Crowd Control

Emergency evacuation of crowds is a fascinating phenomenon that has attracted researchers from various fields. Better understanding of this class of crowd behavior opens up for improving evacuation policies and smarter design of buildings, increasing safety. Recently, a new class of disruptive technology has appeared: Human-centered sensing which allows crowd behavior to be monitored in real-time, and provides the basis for real-time crowd control. The question then becomes: to what degree can previous crowd models incorporate this development, and what areas need further research? In this paper, the authors provide a survey that describes some widely used crowd models and discuss the advantages and shortages from the angle of human-centered sensing. Their review reveals important research opportunities that may contribute to an improved and more robust emergency management.

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