scholarly journals Development of the new CPTSD diagnosis for ICD-11

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Maercker
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The diagnosis of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) was proposed several decades ago by scientist-practitioners, almost parallel to the first description of the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In the previous International Classification of Diseases, version 10 (ICD-10) issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), this symptom constellation was termed ‘enduring personality change after catastrophic experience’. This diagnosis has not been clinically influential, nor has it been subjected to much research. Thus, in a multi-stage process of ICD-11 development, the diagnosis of CPTSD was developed. Methods This paper provides a review of the historical lines of development that led to the CPTSD diagnosis, as well as the results since the ICD-11 publication in 2018. Results The CPTSD diagnosis comprises the core symptoms of the – newly, narrowly defined – PTSD diagnosis, the three symptom groups of affective, relationship, and self-concept changes. The diagnosis is clinically easy to use in accordance with the WHO development goals for the ICD-11 and has shown good psychodiagnostic properties in various studies, including good discrimination from personality disorder with borderline pattern. Conclusion The scholarly use of the new diagnosis has resulted in an increasing number of published studies on this topic in the diagnostic and therapeutic fields.

scholarly journals Association between traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder: results from the ESEMeD-Spain study

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Olaya ◽  
J. Alonso ◽  
L. Atwoli ◽  
R. C. Kessler ◽  
G. Vilagut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background.The relative importance of traumatic events (TEs) in accounting for the social burden of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could vary according to cross-cultural factors. In that sense, no such studies have yet been conducted in the Spanish general population. The present study aims to determine the epidemiology of trauma and PTSD in a Spanish community sample using the randomly selected TEs method.Methods.The European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD)-Spain is a cross-sectional household survey of a representative sample of adult population. Lifetime prevalence of self-reported TEs and lifetime and 12-month prevalence of PTSD were evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Reports of PTSD associated with randomly selected TEs were weighted by the individual-level probabilities of TE selection to generate estimates of population-level PTSD risk associated with each TE.Results.Road accident was the most commonly self-reported TE (14.1%). Sexual assault had the highest conditional risk of PTSD (16.5%). The TEs that contributed most to societal PTSD burden were unexpected death of a loved one (36.4% of all cases) and sexual assault (17.2%). Being female and having a low educational level were associated with low risk of overall TE exposure and being previously married was related to higher risk. Being female was related to high risk of PTSD after experiencing a TE.Conclusions.Having an accident is commonly reported among Spanish adults, but two TE are responsible for the highest burden associated with PTSD: the unexpected death of someone close and sexual assault. These results can help designing public health interventions to reduce the societal PTSD burden.

scholarly journals Complex post-traumatic stress disorder: a new diagnosis in ICD-11

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris R. Brewin
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
System A ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
New Diagnosis

SUMMARYThe World Health Organization's proposals in ICD-11, released for comment by member states in 2018, introduce for the first time in a major diagnostic system a distinction between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). This article sets the new diagnosis of CPTSD within the context of previous similar formulations, describes its definition and requirements, and reviews the evidence concerning its epidemiology, differential diagnosis, assessment and treatment.

scholarly journals Complex post-traumatic stress disorder in participants of the military actions in the operation militarygroups in the view of the eleven edition of the International classification of diseases

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Post Traumatic

The introduction of the new concept of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) in the International Classification of Diseases of the 11th Edition deserves attention in a country where active fighting is taking place. The increase in the number of PTSD sufferers among military personnel and civilians on the territory of hostilities increases the likelihood of PTSD occurring among the contingent. At present, we have no experience in the diagnosis of cPTSD. The objective of our study, along with the diagnosis of PTSD symptoms, is to use a quality of life questionnaire to evaluate the symptoms of cPTSD. The result revealed that the level of community and service support was below average, indicating the need to improve community social support. The self-realization of the combatants has a low average level, which further influences the level of adaptation after the end of the service. Physical and psychological well-being are also low, and this indicator to the need for psychological and physical rehabilitation of demobilized soldiers. At the same time, communication with friends and family, performance were at a high enough level, and these are positive factors that influence the adaptation to civilian life. Summarizing the research, we suggest that in order to organize the help of the combatants more effectively, it is necessary to evaluate, along with a purely psychiatric diagnosis of PTSD, the level of social and physical adaptation of patients with PTSD.

scholarly journals El estrés y el consumo de alcohol durante la pandemia de la covid-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Wilson Lenin Andrade Chauvin
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
World Health ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship

This work describes the relationship between stress and alcohol consumption during the period of social confinement established because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It starts from the premise that there is an increase in stress that encourages alcohol consumption among the18 to 55-year-old population. Social confinement constitutes an environment that contributes to raising stress levels, leading to post-traumatic stress disorder. This measure was applied to prevent the massive spread of the new virus, after the World Health Organization issued biosafety and disease control guidelines. A compilation of 47 academic articles published between March 2020 and November 2020 was carried out. The results show that from March to April there was an increase in alcohol consumption as a measure of self-medication to relax and calm down during this stressful situation, and that this was more prevalent among women and health personnel, whereas for the following months - May to June - alcohol consumption decreased. Keywords: covid-19/ stress/ alcohol consumption/ social confinement/ mental health.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED WITH CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) IN THE STUDENT POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Konstantopoulou ◽  
Stavroula Pantazopoulou ◽  
Theodoros Iliou
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Post Traumatic

<p>The pandemic has killed at least 670,000 people since it hit China's Wuhan, and 17 million cases have been diagnosed. The United States, Brazil, Mexico and Britain have been hit hard by COVID-19 in recent weeks (7/2020) as their governments try to find an effective response. A pandemic is a health crisis that occurs once in a hundred years, the effects of which will be felt for decades (WHO). In the dramatic changes brought about by a crisis, unfortunately many people experience a time of stress and sadness like no other in their lives and then the most common diagnosis is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Anxiety Disorder (World Health Organization [WHO]), 2001). In this study we detect and categorize symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 in a student population.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0620/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Depression in War-related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and the Enduring Personality Change After Catastrophic Experience (F62.0) a 15-year Follow-up

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Stojakovic ◽  
B. Stojakovic ◽  
V. Pandzic ◽  
S. Vukadinovic ◽  
M. Subotic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Post Traumatic

Objective:This study was a 15-year follow-up examination. Many patients with F 62.0 and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have symptoms of depression. The authors’ objective is to analyze symptoms of depression in F 62.0 and PTSD.Method:The subjects were 200 male psychiatric patients at a Clinic of psychiatry medical center Banjaluka and psychiatry department of with war-related PTSD. Post traumatic stress syndrom-PTSS scale and 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-HAMD was used to assess state measures of symptom severity; from 3 months to 15 years after returning from the war.Results:The symptoms of prolonged PTSS (with duration between six moths and two years) had been founded at 54%, and 32% of patients had no diagnosis PTSD. The enduring personality change after catastrophic experience (F 62.0) had been found at 14% patients (with duration more than two years), 19% met HAMD Diagnostic Criteria for major depressive disorder.The enduring personality exchange F 62.0 had been found at 8% patients and 16% met HAMD Diagnostic Criteria for major depressive disorder 15 years after returning from the war.Conclusions:The statistical relationship between level of combat exposure and PTSD symptoms at 15 years, suggests that it may take time for the consequences of traumatic exposure to become apparent. Moreover, degree of exposure may be important in predicting the eventual development of symptoms and precipitation of F 62.0 enduring personality exchange. Continued follow-up will address the evolution of PTSD symptoms in war related PTSD.

The clinical significance criterion in DSM-IV post-traumatic stress disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1437-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAOMI BRESLAU ◽  
GERMAN F. ALVARADO
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe DSM-IV definition of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) requires that the syndrome cause clinically significant distress or impairment. The impact of the clinical significance criterion on the lifetime prevalence of PTSD among civilian victims of traumatic events has not been evaluated.MethodData from two community-based samples were examined, the 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma (n=2181) and the Mid-Atlantic Urban Youth Study (n=1698). The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO CIDI) was used to ascertain DSM-IV PTSD.ResultsThe inclusion of the clinical significance criterion in DSM-IV reduces the conditional probability of PTSD given exposure to trauma by approximately 30%. Cases with clinically significant syndrome showed more pervasive and persistent disturbance and an excess in impaired activity days.ConclusionsThe consistency of the findings between the two studies strengthens the evidence on the impact of the clinical significance criterion in the diagnosis of PTSD, and the construct validity of its measurement. There is a need for greater research effort on the definition and measurement of the clinical significance criterion.

scholarly journals The replicability of ICD-11 complex post-traumatic stress disorder symptom networks in adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 (06) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Knefel ◽  
Thanos Karatzias ◽  
Menachem Ben-Ezra ◽  
Marylene Cloitre ◽  
Brigitte Lueger-Schuster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
World Health ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
International Advisory

BackgroundThe ICD-11 includes a new disorder, complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). A network approach to CPTSD will enable investigation of the structure of the disorder at the symptom level, which may inform the development of treatments that target specific symptoms to accelerate clinical outcomes.AimsWe aimed to test whether similar networks of ICD-11 CPTSD replicate across culturally different samples and to investigate possible differences, using a network analysis.MethodWe investigated the network models of four nationally representative, community-based cross-sectional samples drawn from Germany, Israel, the UK, and the USA (total N = 6417). CPTSD symptoms were assessed with the International Trauma Questionnaire in all samples. Only those participants who reported significant functional impairment by CPTSD symptoms were included (N = 1591 included in analysis; mean age 43.55 years, s.d. 15.10, range 14–99, 67.7% women). Regularised partial correlation networks were estimated for each sample and the resulting networks were compared.ResultsDespite differences in traumatic experiences, symptom severity and symptom profiles, the networks were very similar across the four countries. The symptoms within dimensions were strongly associated with each other in all networks, except for the two symptom indicators assessing aspects of affective dysregulation. The most central symptoms were ‘feelings of worthlessness’ and ‘exaggerated startle response’.ConclusionsThe structure of CPTSD symptoms appears very similar across countries. Addressing symptoms with the strongest associations in the network, such as negative self-worth and startle reactivity, will likely result in rapid treatment response.Declaration of interestA.M. and M.C. were members of the World Health Organization (WHO) ICD-11 Working Group on the Classification of Disorders Specifically Associated with Stress, reporting to the WHO International Advisory Group for the Revision of ICD-10 Mental and Behavioural Disorders. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not represent the official policies or positions of the International Advisory Group or the WHO.

scholarly journals Quality of life and its association with psychiatric disorders in outpatients with trauma history in a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati Dhungana ◽  
Rishav Koirala ◽  
Saroj Prasad Ojha ◽  
Suraj Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background Quality of life is an important indicator of health and has multiple dimensions. It is adversely affected in patients with trauma history, and psychiatric disorders play an important role therein. Studies in trauma-affected populations focus mainly on the development of psychiatric disorders. Our study explored various aspects of quality of life in trauma patients in a clinical setting, mainly focusing on the association of psychiatric disorders on various domains of quality of life. Methods One hundred patients seeking help at the psychiatry outpatient of a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal, and with history of trauma were interviewed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 2.1 for trauma categorization. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were assessed using the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version; while the level of anxiety and depression symptoms was assessed using the 25-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality Of Life-Brief Version measure. Information on sociodemographic and trauma-related variables was collected using a semi-structured interview schedule. The associations between psychiatric disorders and quality of life domains were explored using bivariate analyses followed by multiple regressions. Results The mean scores (standard deviations) for overall quality of life and health status perception were 2.79 (.87) and 2.35 (1.11), respectively. The mean scores for the physical, psychological, social and environmental domains were 12.31 (2.96), 11.46 (2.84), 12.79 (2.89), and 13.36 (1.79), respectively. Natural disaster was the only trauma variable significantly associated with overall quality of life, but not with other domains. Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder were all significantly associated with various quality of life domains, where anxiety had the greatest number of associations. Conclusion Quality of life, overall and across domains, was affected in various ways based on the presence of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with trauma. Our findings therefore emphasize the need to address these disorders in a systematic way to improve the patients’ quality of life.

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