Motivación a la lectura en niños de edades tempranas

The action of reading is a complex skill in order to understand the written text. Children tend to present problems when reading, generating difficulties in reading comprehension and affecting their educational performance, the responsibility of stimulating children to read lies with parents, school and society. The objective of this research is to identify those motivational practices towards reading at early ages, exposed by different theoretical references, extracted from updated primary sources, in which positive results are evidenced for the reading habit of children. This research was carried out with a qualitative approach, at a descriptive level, with the documentary bibliographic type, with an analysis of references. The results show that the motivating practices for reading at early ages are those applied by teachers, as well as the imitation of children with parents who have reading habits. Dialogic reading that generates the role of narrator in the child and the use of bibliographic material as a promoter of the relationship between the child and the text. Reading is of vital importance for the promotion of the student's academic quality, magic methods to stimulate reading do not exist and motivating the child properly will have a positive result in his or her intellectual and academic development. The teacher as motivator is the support for the child to assume the reading process; the family is in charge of stimulating reading activity in early childhood; story reading involves children as active readers and writers; the use of library material generates a relationship between the child and the text; and dialogic reading creates an environment of equal reading motivation.

El desarrollo social sostenible, aplicado en la educación: modelo pedagógico desde la socioformación

Education is one of the main means to reach people with knowledge for their academic and personal growth, which is why it is a pragmatic way to educate in sustainability. It seeks to improve habits and satisfy needs that have been the cause of social problems that arise today, without compromising future resources; It also seeks a balance between the environment and the human being. Through the socioformation that contributes through its educational model to the resolution of problems in the context that originate a priority need, a sustainable social development can be applied through education, which applies alternative solutions to the problems detected, which have an impact on improving the living conditions of human beings, obtaining productivity. This work aimed to describe the benefits of building sustainability in education, identify the characteristics used by the socioformative approach and determine the priority actions to strengthen sustainability in different areas of production. A documentary bibliographic search of the last ten years on sustainability and education was carried out, from which it is concluded that, through education, better habits of behavior can be acquired within social equality, gender, care of the environment and of oneself, prevailing human rights over all things, to improve the quality of life.

Análisis de la política de inclusión educativa en la educación media en el Ecuador

This paper makes a review of the educational inclusion policy in secondary education institutions. The classification of the current regulations that the Ecuadorian State has to guarantee the right to quality inclusive education, as well as the pre and post pandemic educational policy, is made to compare the strengths and weaknesses of the inclusive curriculum in force in Ecuador. A systemic review of the literature was carried out using the descriptive method. The main results all show that educational inclusion is a citizen's right in which equal opportunities are for and all regardless of the social, economic, political and personal context promoted by the principles of equality. In this sense, the implementation of inclusion policies in education plays a fundamental role, since education has significant relevance in the construction of a just and equitable society. It is concluded that inclusion is a social action that demands the commitment and responsibility of governments, the educational community and the family for the development of a more just, inclusive and inclusive society.

Pedagogía verde para la formación de seres crí­ticos y reflexivos

The advancement of science and technology has modified the lifestyle, implanting superficial recreation sites away from the natural environment, education must center the student within the natural context to generate environmental awareness and form critical and reflective beings. Present real alternatives that promote interaction with the natural environment and generate meaningful learning. This article was based on qualitative research through a bibliographic review, the most relevant articles were selected, the results were obtained from indexed journals, mainly in Google Scholar. Green pedagogy aims to transform the social and cultural context by adding nature as the central axis of education; For this, various researchers present real alternatives to bring the natural environment closer to the social one, trying to contrast the damage caused to the planet. Several researchers try to generate environmental awareness, analyze the socio-historical context and present alternatives that stop the damage caused to the Earth, to produce a significant change within society, for this it is necessary to intervene in education and to shape actions, thoughts and ways of proceeding of students in a conscious, direct and real way.

Emprendimiento para la carrera de educación inicial

Since the COVID-19 pandemic declared by the World Health Organization, the work environment in the education sector has been affected, especially at the early education level, due to the suspension of face-to-face classes, the introduction of virtual education and, in some cases, the closure of educational institutions. From this perspective, the purpose of this study is to describe university teacher training in the field of entrepreneurship in the Early Childhood Education program at public and private universities in Ecuador. The information was collected through a broad epistemological analysis, as well as the curricula, the graduate profile and the projected labor field of the career that are related to entrepreneurship as part of academic training. The results reveal that of the 30 universities that offer this career, 13 include entrepreneurship as a subject in their curricula, 6 relate it to their projected field of work and 4 include it in their graduate profile. This shows the limited consideration of entrepreneurship in the training of initial education professionals, which distances them from the real needs of today's rapidly changing labor field. In the future, it is necessary to review the syllabus of this subject to verify the development of entrepreneurial competencies.

Incidencia de las enmiendas constitucionales en la auditaría a la gestión de las organizaciones públicas ecuatorianas

The management audit in the public sector examines the entities’ activities through processes that assess the efficient use of its resources, reporting the results with recommendations for decision-making. The Constitution of 2008, Articles 211 and 212, defined that this action belongs to the comptroller's office. However, the Constitution was amended in 2015 by the Ecuadorian Assembly, to eliminate this action to avoid duplication of work between organizations. This study focuses on this problematic to determine its incidents, even though in 2018, the Constitutional Court declared its unconstitutionality, with judgment No. 18, published in 2019. The methods utilized in this study consist of the organization of materials, and their classification by sources and required documents, considering their relevance, completeness, and timeliness. Then the inductive-deductive, historical-logical, and analytical-synthetic methods were carried out to understand the causes and incidences compared to previous studies findings. The opposing legal impact on the control functions, because of the amendments, is the result of the work leaving 247 examinations in that period. The result was a discussion that demanded greater control from the management due to the general level of cooperation in the country.

Aprendizaje de la lectoescritura en época de pandemia

This review article entitled "Literacy Learning in Pandemic Times", determines the factors that influence and arise at the educational level due to the confinement that has generated difficulties in the learning of literacy. The objective is to synthesize bibliographic information on the different literacy techniques that were developed during the pandemic period. From this perspective, the study is oriented to a documentary bibliographic research with a qualitative analysis, in which information was collected from different bibliographic sources. Contributions from various authors are analyzed, with several perspectives on techniques and importance to determine not only the factors that affect this process, but also the ideal strategies for strengthening literacy that involve institutional, family and student environments. It is concluded that reading and writing in times of pandemic brought with it a series of challenges due to the fact that education moved towards virtuality with all the demands and new limitations imposed by physical distance for the development of a learning process that in itself requires accompaniment; the family becomes the nucleus of education, it learned to use reading methods, stimulated the development of social, cognitive and affective skills necessary for the effective development of reading and writing.

Rol de la familia en la educación virtual del nivel inicial

The pandemic severely widened the education gap worldwide and particularly in Ecuador. As is known, the educational institutions of the different levels were affected, they suspended the face-to-face modality and implemented virtuality. This situation led the families to assume the role of support and control to the students in a direct way. Hence, this work analyzes the integration strategies used institutionally to promote the participation of families in virtual education at the initial level. The information was collected through a broad theoretical study, considering that it is a qualitative research of descriptive level and; It was analyzed using the Atlas ti 9.0 software. The data reveal that parents have difficulties to adequately support the education of their children or represented. It is also found that a high number of schoolchildren remain alone in their homes during the day or accompanied by older adults and even siblings, due to the fact that adults are involved in work activities. What has been described, leads to conclude that the deficient support of parents to schoolchildren in virtual education processes significantly affects their learning and consequently their comprehensive training.

Estrategias de asociatividad para la comercialización de productos agroecológicos

The associativity took a leading role, due to times of crisis, in this way it constituted a contribution to the problems of small producers in the cooperative and associative sector of the popular and solidarity economic model in the current market. This article is based on the analysis of strategies to promote the commercialization and marketing of agro-ecological foods that faced the new demands between producers and consumers. This work was developed with a theoretical character, for which an extensive bibliographic study of publications of the last five years was carried out, referring to associativity strategies. The results revealed the popular and solidarity sector investigated resorted to associativity as a collective model to increase their equitable competitiveness among the autonomous groups of small and medium producers. In addition, They adopted strategies of continuous improvement for cooperative work in a network, training and social integration, technological innovation and the change of agricultural practices. Hence, it is concluded that associativity constituted a strategy of fundamental importance towards the cooperative and comprehensive development of collective groups in the context investigated to be developed in the following article.

Tutoría académica en la educación superior: el rol del autor académico, tutor pedagógico y del estudiante en la modalidad a distancia

Academic tutoring constitutes a pedagogical practice that allows the construction of knowledge for the different actors involved in the process, thus, this work reflects on academic tutoring in higher education, in education careers with a distance modality, made up of three subjects, the academic author, the pedagogical tutor and the student. This analysis, based on a set of questions about each of the different roles, as well as mentions the realities located, the purpose in the environment and virtual social environment and identifies four dimensions, the pedagogical, the administrative, the technological and the social, which are involved in the process of teaching and learning, which has as its purpose to learn to understand, learn to be, learn to live together, learn to act and learn to decide approaching reality as an actor in your role and enabling autonomous and collaborative work. Academic tutoring requires a process of reflection on the goal of personal formation, deepening of the role, identification of the needs of students, academic goals, emotional aspects in which the dimensions facilitate the teaching and learning process.