scholarly journals Age-stage, two-sex life table analysis of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on maize and kidney bean

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Xie ◽  
Junrui Zhi ◽  
Jiaqin Ye ◽  
Yeming Zhou ◽  
Cao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), or fall armyworm, is one of major migratory agricultural pests with a wide range of hosts. The effect of different hosts (maize and kidney bean) on the growth and reproduction of S. frugiperda were investigated using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. Results The results showed that S. frugiperda could complete its entire life cycle on both hosts, albeit with significantly different development and reproduction. The durations of larval and pupal development were significantly prolonged whereas adult lifespan was shortened on kidney bean compared to maize. The differences of survival rates at each instar, prepupal and pupal stages between the two hosts were not statistically significant. The total pre-oviposition period was longer on kidney bean than that on maize (42.05 vs 39.04 days), but there was no difference in the oviposition rate (64.77 on kidney bean vs 62.48 on maize). The differences of net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase were nonsignificant, while the mean generation time on kidney bean (42.05 days) was significantly longer than that on maize (40.92 days). Conclusions The results indicate that S. frugiperda can grow and reproduce normally on both hosts, although maize is more suitable. Nonetheless, the data show that this pest is harmful when the population density is high or when the preferred host is scarce. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Biology and life-table of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with the Old World Date Mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Samah Ben Chaaban ◽  
Brahim Chermiti ◽  
Serge Kreiter
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Old World ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean

The old world date mite Oligonychus afrasiaticus is an important spider mite pest of the date palms Phoenix dactylifera L. mostly in North Africa and the Middle East. A population of the predaceous mite Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas has been recently found in Tunisia in association with a decrease of O. afrasiaticus densities. The objective of this paper was to assess the development and reproduction abilities of T. ( A.) athenas on O. afrasiaticus under laboratory conditions at two temperatures: 27 and 32 °C. The results obtained show that females of T. (A.) athenas develop in 5 days at 27 °C and 4.1 days at 32 °C. The mean fecundity of T. (A.) athenas was 32.1 and 23.2 eggs per female at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. Life table parameters were stimated: the net reproductive rate (Ro) 27.9 and 17.9 eggs/female, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.322 and 0,344 female/female/day and the mean generation time (T) 10.3 and 8.4 days at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. At both temperatures tested, T. (A.) athenas intrinsic rate of increase was greater than that of O. afrasiaticus (rm = 0.213 at 32 °C,against rm = 0.166 day1 at 27 °C). Typhlodromus (A.) athenas would be able to develop at a wide range of temperatures feeding on O. afrasiaticus and seems to be able to potentially control it.

scholarly journals Comparing the Life Table and Population Projection of Gaeolaelaps aculeifer and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Acari: Laelapidae) Based on the Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Theory

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062
Author(s):  
Jihye Park ◽  
Md Munir Mostafiz ◽  
Hwal-Su Hwang ◽  
Duck-Oung Jung ◽  
Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Finite Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Stratiolaelaps Scimitus

Predatory soil-dwelling mites, Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini) and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley) (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae), are essential biocontrol agents of small soil arthropod pests. To understand the population characteristics of these two predatory mites, we investigated their development, survival, and fecundity under laboratory conditions. We used Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) as a food source and analyzed the data using the age-stage, two-sex life table. The duration from egg to adult for G. aculeifer was longer than that for S. scimitus, but larval duration was similar between the two species. Notably, G. aculeifer laid 74.88 eggs/female in 24.50 days, but S. scimitus laid 28.46 eggs/female in 19.1 days. Several population parameters, such as the intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, net reproductive rate, and gross reproductive rate of G. aculeifer, were significantly higher than those of S. scimitus. Using the bootstrap technique with 100,000 samples, we demonstrated that the life tables constructed based on the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of finite rate of increase (λ) net reproductive rate (R0) may characterize the variability in the survival and fecundity curves, as well as predict population growth uncertainty. These data provide important information for the practical application of predatory soil mites to manage agricultural pests.

Biological traits of acarophagous thrips, Scolothrips longicornis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Schizotetranychus smirnovi (Acari: Tetranychidae): Application of female age-specific and age-stage, two-sex life tables

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-524
Author(s):  
Marjan Heidarian ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipor ◽  
Amin Sedaratian-jahromi
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Scolothrips Longicornis

Schizotetranychus smirnovi Wainstein is an important phytophagous pest of almond trees which causes serious damage in southwestern Iran. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner has been considered as an efficient predatory thrips that feeds on this spider mite and hence its efficiency for controlling S. smirnovi should be evaluated. In the current study, all main biological parameters of S. longicornis fed on S. smirnovi were determined under laboratory conditions. Data analysis was performed using both female age-specific and age-stage, two-sex life table theories. Duration of incubation, larval, pre-pupal, pupal and pre-adult periods of male predators were 4.73, 3.18, 1.05, 1.86 and 10.82 days, respectively. These periods in female individuals lasted 4.57, 3.92, 1.04, 1.87 and 11.00 days, respectively. Our findings showed that each female laid an average of 62.74 eggs during its ovipositional period (13.61 days). Using the age-stage, two-sex life table, the values of the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ) and mean generation time (T) were estimated to be 26.236 (eggs/individual), 0.171 (day-1), 1.186 (day-1) and 19.130 (days), respectively. Using the female age-specific life table, these parameters had different values. Our findings revealed that S. longicornis has a reliable capability to increase its population by feeding on S. smirnovi. This information can expand our knowledge for assessing biological efficiency of this predatory thrips in sustainable management of the destructive mite pest. 

scholarly journals Biotic potential, fertility and life table ofSpodoptera albula (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), under controlled conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
DÉBORA G. MONTEZANO ◽  
ALEXANDRE SPECHT ◽  
DANIEL R. SOSA-GÓMEZ ◽  
VÂNIA F. ROQUE-SPECHT ◽  
TARCISO M. BORTOLIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Biotic Potential ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to evaluate the biotic potential, life table parameters and fertility of Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857) under controlled conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hour photo phase). The longevity, pre, post and oviposition periods, fecundity and fertility of 13 couples were evaluated. The longevity of females (13.500 days) was significantly higher than those of males (11.154 days). The mean durations of the pre, post and oviposition periods were 2.615, 1.769 and 9.385 days, respectively. The mean fecundity was 1.417.69 eggs and mean fertility was 1.340.401 larvae, per female. On average, females copulated 1, 231 times. A strong positive correlation was observed between the number of copulations and fecundity (r = 0.847, p <0.001), as well as a strong negative correlation between the number of copulations and the duration of the pre-oviposition period (r = -0.762, p = 0.002), and longevity (r = -0.788, p = 0.001). The biotic potential of S. albula was estimated at 8.768 x 1022 individuals / female / year. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 353,904 times per generation and the mean generation time (T) was 37.187 days. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 1,105, with a finite rate of increase (λ) of 3,019.

scholarly journals Age Stage Two-Sex Life Table Reveals Sublethal Effects of Some Herbal and Chemical Insecticides on Adults ofBemisia tabaci(Hem.: Aleyrodidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Jafarbeigi ◽  
Mohammad Amin Samih ◽  
Mehdi Zarabi ◽  
Saeideh Esmaeily
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Important Pest

The sweetpotato whitefly,Bemisia tabaci(Genn.) (Hem.: Aleyrodidae), is an important pest of agriculture in subtropical and tropical areas. In this study, we used the age-stage two-sex life table to evaluate the sublethal effects of the herbal extracts taken fromFumaria parvifloraLam. (Fumariaceae),Teucrium poliumL. (Lamiaceae),Calotropis procera(Willd.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae), andThymus vulgarisL. (Lamiaceae) as well as the two commercial synthetic insecticides, pymetrozin and neemarin. The whiteflies were exposed to each insecticide using leaf-dip method. Analysis of life table parameters revealed significant differences (P≤0.05) in the net reproductive rate (R0,NRR), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) among different insecticides. The lowest values of the three population parameters,R0,r, andλ, were observed on whiteflies treated with pymetrozin (2.455, 0.036, and 1.036),T. polium(2.828, 0.044, and 1.045), and neemarin (2.998, 0.046, and 1.047), respectively. Results of this study highlights the satisfactory insecticidal effects of the extract taken fromT. poliumonB. tabaci, which is comparable to the two commonly used synthetic insecticides.

scholarly journals Life Table and Preference Choice of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) for Kidney Bean Plants Treated by Exogenous Calcium

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 838
Author(s):  
Guang Zeng ◽  
Jun-Rui Zhi ◽  
Mao Ye ◽  
Wen Xie ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Exogenous Calcium

Exogenous calcium (Ca) has been used to induce host plant resistance in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, including from thrips attack. The aim of this study was to determine whether exogenously applied Ca affects the performance of Frankliniella occidentalis. We assessed the development time, total longevity, reproduction, and population parameters of F. occidentalis, and its preference choice on Ca-treated or untreated control kidney bean plants under laboratory conditions. The results showed that F. occidentalis fed on Ca-treated leaves had a longer developmental time but lower longevity (female and male) and fecundity than F. occidentalis fed on control leaves. Population parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproductive rate (R0), were all found higher in control leaves than in Ca-treated leaves, and the mean generation time (T) was shorter. In preference choices, the number of thrips on control plants was higher than the number of thrips on Ca-treated kidney bean plants. Overall, our results indicated that exogenous Ca pretreatment on kidney bean plants affected the life history and preference choice of F. occidentalis, suggesting Ca might be used as a promising elicitor of inducible plant defense against thrips.

scholarly journals Biotic Potential and Reproductive Parameters of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora G. Montezano ◽  
Alexandre Specht ◽  
Daniel R. Sosa-Gómez ◽  
Vânia F. Roque-Specht ◽  
Juaci V. Malaquias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Biotic Potential ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a native to the Americas and recently reported in Africa, Germany, the Netherlands and India, is a significant pest of many crop species. Although a widespread and important pest, information on its biology and development are incomplete and require detailed study. In this study, the biotic potential and reproductive parameters of S. frugiperda were evaluated under controlled conditions (25&plusmn;1 &deg;C, 70&plusmn;10% RH and 14 hour photophase). The longevity, pre-, post- and oviposition periods, fecundity, and fertility of 30 pairs were evaluated. The longevity of females (10.87 days) was not significantly different from that of males (10.90 days). The mean durations of the pre-, post- and oviposition periods were 2.63, 0.53 and 7.70 days, respectively. The mean fecundity was 2,370.66 eggs per female and mean fertility was 2,309.03 larvae per female. On average, a female copulated 1.6 times. The biotic potential of S. frugiperda was estimated at 2.086 &times; 1029 individuals/female/year. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 1,079.73 times per generation and the mean generation time (T) was 32.00 days. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.22, with a finite rate of increase (&lambda;) of 1.24 per day. This study evaluates and describes the biological parameters of S. frugiperda with special emphasis on its biotic potential and reproductive parameters. This information will improve the development of integrated pest management (IPM) and insect resistance management (IRM) for this species.

Resistant rose cultivar affects life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite and its predators Phytoseiulus persimilis and Amblyseius swirskii (Phytoseiidae) 

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1620-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Alipour ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Azadeh Farazmand ◽  
Mostafa Khanamani
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Herbivores' host plant resistance may also affect performance of their predators. The effect of susceptible ('Yellow') and resistant ('Roulette') rose cultivars on demographic parameters of the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch and its predators Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was determined under laboratory conditions. The obtained data were analyzed using the two-sex life table theory. The development rate of different life stages of TSSM and its predators on the susceptible and resistant rose cultivars were significantly different. Total development time of juvenile stages of TSSM and A. swirskii on the resistant cultivar was longer than that on the susceptible one, although no significant differences were obtained in the case of P. persimilis. By using the two-sex life table, the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of TSSM on the susceptible and resistant cultivars was 0.205 and 0.143 day-1, respectively. In addition, the net reproductive rate (R0) of TSSM on the susceptible and resistant cultivars was 26.46 and 11.47 eggs per individual, respectively; however, the mean generation time (T) of TSSM on these cultivars was 15.92 and 16.92 days, respectively. Furthermore, the value of the intrinsic rate of increase (r) in P. persimilis on the susceptible and resistant cultivars was 0.217 versus 0.163 day-1as well as in A. swirskii on the mentioned cultivars was 0.147 versus 0.117 day-1, respectively. There was no significant difference between the values of the net reproductive rate (R0) in P. persimilis on the susceptible and resistant rose cultivars, but in A. swirskii the value of this parameter on the susceptible cultivar was significantly higher than that on the resistant one. The mean generation time (T) in both predators on the resistant cultivar was longer than the susceptible one. In conclusion, resistance of the rose cultivar negatively affected the population growth parameters of TSSM and its both predators.

Active and frozen host mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari: Acaridae) influence the mass production of the predatory mite Blattisocius mali (Acari: Blattisociidae): life table analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Pirayeshfar ◽  
Seyed Ali Safavi ◽  
Hamid Reza Sarraf-moayeri ◽  
Gerben J Messelink
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Blattisocius mali (Oudemans) is a candidate predatory mite on some astigmatid mite pests like Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank). In current study, life table parameters of B. mali were comparatively evaluated when fed on mixed life stages, frozen (one day at -20°C) and cold stored (90 days at -20°C and 4°C) eggs of T. putrescentiae. The highest and lowest values of fecundity, total longevity, oviposition period, life span and adult longevity of B. mali were observed when the predator provided with one-day and 90-days frozen eggs (stored at 4°C) of T. putrescentiae, respectively. Moreover, the highest values of net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) of B. mali were obtained by feeding on one-day frozen eggs (23.94 offspring/individual, 0.332 day-1, 1.39 day-1, respectively), without significant differences from the predators reared on alive mixed stages of T. putrescentiae. However, the lowest values of R0 (1.54 offspring/individual), r (0.058 day-1) and λ (1.06 day-1) were recorded when B. mali was reared on 90-days frozen eggs (stored at 4°C). The results, as first evidence of life-history of B. mali, represent not only the potential of the predator as suitable biological control agent against T. putrescentiae, but also the possibility of its mass production by frozen host stages. Provision of one-day frozen eggs of T. putrescentiae were the best choice for B. mali survival and reproduction with no harmful effects of living stages (direct damage, frass and exuviae) on crop.

Group-rearing did not affect the life table and predation rate of Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on Tetranychus urticae

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Saemi ◽  
Hasan Rahmani ◽  
Aurang Kavosi ◽  
Hsin Chi
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Negative Effect

To better understand the effect of individual- and group-rearing conditions on predator performance, we studied the life table and predation rate of the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, after the mites had been individually- or group-reared on two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae, eggs at 25±1°C, 65±5% RH and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (L:D) h. The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), net predation rate (C0), finite predation rate (ω) in the individually-reared predators were 40.61 offspring, 0.2594 d-1, 437.3 T. urticae eggs, and 4.8668 preys/d, respectively. Similar values were obtained when the predators were reared in groups (R0 = 43.10 offspring, r = 0.2837 d-1, C0 = 420.9 T. urticae eggs, and ω = 5.9054 preys/d). Mean adult longevities were 28.42 and 25.29 d for group-reared male and female predators, respectively; these values were significantly shorter than those of individual-reared mites (49.87 d for male and 36 d for female). Our results showed that P. persimilis mites could be group-reared in biological control programs without negative effect on their growth and predation potential. 

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