scholarly journals Biotic potential, fertility and life table ofSpodoptera albula (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), under controlled conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
DÉBORA G. MONTEZANO ◽  
ALEXANDRE SPECHT ◽  
DANIEL R. SOSA-GÓMEZ ◽  
VÂNIA F. ROQUE-SPECHT ◽  
TARCISO M. BORTOLIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Biotic Potential ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to evaluate the biotic potential, life table parameters and fertility of Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857) under controlled conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hour photo phase). The longevity, pre, post and oviposition periods, fecundity and fertility of 13 couples were evaluated. The longevity of females (13.500 days) was significantly higher than those of males (11.154 days). The mean durations of the pre, post and oviposition periods were 2.615, 1.769 and 9.385 days, respectively. The mean fecundity was 1.417.69 eggs and mean fertility was 1.340.401 larvae, per female. On average, females copulated 1, 231 times. A strong positive correlation was observed between the number of copulations and fecundity (r = 0.847, p <0.001), as well as a strong negative correlation between the number of copulations and the duration of the pre-oviposition period (r = -0.762, p = 0.002), and longevity (r = -0.788, p = 0.001). The biotic potential of S. albula was estimated at 8.768 x 1022 individuals / female / year. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 353,904 times per generation and the mean generation time (T) was 37.187 days. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 1,105, with a finite rate of increase (λ) of 3,019.

scholarly journals Biology and life-table of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with the Old World Date Mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Samah Ben Chaaban ◽  
Brahim Chermiti ◽  
Serge Kreiter
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Old World ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean

The old world date mite Oligonychus afrasiaticus is an important spider mite pest of the date palms Phoenix dactylifera L. mostly in North Africa and the Middle East. A population of the predaceous mite Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas has been recently found in Tunisia in association with a decrease of O. afrasiaticus densities. The objective of this paper was to assess the development and reproduction abilities of T. ( A.) athenas on O. afrasiaticus under laboratory conditions at two temperatures: 27 and 32 °C. The results obtained show that females of T. (A.) athenas develop in 5 days at 27 °C and 4.1 days at 32 °C. The mean fecundity of T. (A.) athenas was 32.1 and 23.2 eggs per female at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. Life table parameters were stimated: the net reproductive rate (Ro) 27.9 and 17.9 eggs/female, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.322 and 0,344 female/female/day and the mean generation time (T) 10.3 and 8.4 days at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. At both temperatures tested, T. (A.) athenas intrinsic rate of increase was greater than that of O. afrasiaticus (rm = 0.213 at 32 °C,against rm = 0.166 day1 at 27 °C). Typhlodromus (A.) athenas would be able to develop at a wide range of temperatures feeding on O. afrasiaticus and seems to be able to potentially control it.

scholarly journals Biotic Potential and Reproductive Parameters of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora G. Montezano ◽  
Alexandre Specht ◽  
Daniel R. Sosa-Gómez ◽  
Vânia F. Roque-Specht ◽  
Juaci V. Malaquias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Biotic Potential ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a native to the Americas and recently reported in Africa, Germany, the Netherlands and India, is a significant pest of many crop species. Although a widespread and important pest, information on its biology and development are incomplete and require detailed study. In this study, the biotic potential and reproductive parameters of S. frugiperda were evaluated under controlled conditions (25&plusmn;1 &deg;C, 70&plusmn;10% RH and 14 hour photophase). The longevity, pre-, post- and oviposition periods, fecundity, and fertility of 30 pairs were evaluated. The longevity of females (10.87 days) was not significantly different from that of males (10.90 days). The mean durations of the pre-, post- and oviposition periods were 2.63, 0.53 and 7.70 days, respectively. The mean fecundity was 2,370.66 eggs per female and mean fertility was 2,309.03 larvae per female. On average, a female copulated 1.6 times. The biotic potential of S. frugiperda was estimated at 2.086 &times; 1029 individuals/female/year. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 1,079.73 times per generation and the mean generation time (T) was 32.00 days. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.22, with a finite rate of increase (&lambda;) of 1.24 per day. This study evaluates and describes the biological parameters of S. frugiperda with special emphasis on its biotic potential and reproductive parameters. This information will improve the development of integrated pest management (IPM) and insect resistance management (IRM) for this species.

Resistant rose cultivar affects life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite and its predators Phytoseiulus persimilis and Amblyseius swirskii (Phytoseiidae) 

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1620-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Alipour ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Azadeh Farazmand ◽  
Mostafa Khanamani
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Herbivores' host plant resistance may also affect performance of their predators. The effect of susceptible ('Yellow') and resistant ('Roulette') rose cultivars on demographic parameters of the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch and its predators Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was determined under laboratory conditions. The obtained data were analyzed using the two-sex life table theory. The development rate of different life stages of TSSM and its predators on the susceptible and resistant rose cultivars were significantly different. Total development time of juvenile stages of TSSM and A. swirskii on the resistant cultivar was longer than that on the susceptible one, although no significant differences were obtained in the case of P. persimilis. By using the two-sex life table, the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of TSSM on the susceptible and resistant cultivars was 0.205 and 0.143 day-1, respectively. In addition, the net reproductive rate (R0) of TSSM on the susceptible and resistant cultivars was 26.46 and 11.47 eggs per individual, respectively; however, the mean generation time (T) of TSSM on these cultivars was 15.92 and 16.92 days, respectively. Furthermore, the value of the intrinsic rate of increase (r) in P. persimilis on the susceptible and resistant cultivars was 0.217 versus 0.163 day-1as well as in A. swirskii on the mentioned cultivars was 0.147 versus 0.117 day-1, respectively. There was no significant difference between the values of the net reproductive rate (R0) in P. persimilis on the susceptible and resistant rose cultivars, but in A. swirskii the value of this parameter on the susceptible cultivar was significantly higher than that on the resistant one. The mean generation time (T) in both predators on the resistant cultivar was longer than the susceptible one. In conclusion, resistance of the rose cultivar negatively affected the population growth parameters of TSSM and its both predators.

scholarly journals Biotic potential and reproductive parameters of Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the laboratory

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Specht ◽  
V. F. Roque-Specht
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Finite Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Biotic Potential ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract In this study we evaluate the biotic potential and reproductive parameters of Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker, 1858) under controlled conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hour photophase). Females, on average, (14.433 days) did not live significantly longer than their male counterparts (13.100 days). The mean durations of the pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition periods were 2.767, 10.600 and 1.067 days, respectively. The mean fecundity of females was 5,073.533 eggs and the mean fertility was 5,021.027 larvae. On average, females copulated 1.167 times. Fecundity was positively correlated with the number of copulations (r = 0.583, P <0.001). The number of copulations, however, was negatively correlated whit the duration of the pre-oviposition (r = -0.560, P = 0.007) and oviposition (r = -0.479, P = 0.048) periods, and overall longevity (r = -0.512, P = 0.031). The biotic potential was estimated at 6.547 x 1021 individuals/female/year. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 2,193.722 times per generation and the mean generation time (T) was 46.407 days. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.166, with a finite rate of increase (λ) of 1.180, per week.

scholarly journals Effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam at LC30 and LC50 on the life table of soybean aphid Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aonan Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Zhenghao Shi ◽  
Kuijun Zhao ◽  
Tianying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a main pests of soybean that poses a serious threat to its production. Studies were conducted to understand effects of the different concentrations of the insecticides (imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) on the life table of A. glycines to provide vital information for its effective management. We found that the mean generation time, adult and total pre-oviposition periods in A. glycines specimens exposed to LC50 imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were significantly longer than those in the control group. However, when exposed to LC30 imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, the adult pre-ovipositional period was significantly shorter than that in the control group. The mean fecundity per female adult, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase were significantly decreased in individuals exposed to LC30 and LC50 concentrations of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, respectively (P < 0.05). Both insecticides produce stress effects on A. glycines, and specimens treated with LC50 concentrations of the two insecticides exhibited a significant decrease in their growth rates than those treated with LC30 concentrations. This study provides data that can be used as a reference to predict the effect of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on the population dynamics in the field, and agricultural producers could attach importance to prevent stimulation the reproduction made by low-lethal concentrations during actually applying pesticides.

scholarly journals Effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on the development and reproduction of the soybean aphid Aphis glycines

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0250311
Author(s):  
Aonan Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Zhenghao Shi ◽  
Tianying Liu ◽  
Lanlan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean

The soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a primary pest of soybeans and poses a serious threat to soybean production. Our studies were conducted to understand the effects of different concentrations of insecticides (imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) on A. glycines and provided critical information for its effective management. Here, we found that the mean generation time and adult and total pre-nymphiposition periods of the LC50 imidacloprid- and thiamethoxam-treatment groups were significantly longer than those of the control group, although the adult pre-nymphiposition period in LC30 imidacloprid and thiamethoxam treatment groups was significantly shorter than that of the control group. Additionally, the mean fecundity per female adult, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase of the LC30 imidacloprid-treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group and higher than those of the LC50 imidacloprid-treatment group (P < 0.05). Moreover, both insecticides exerted stress effects on A. glycines, and specimens treated with the two insecticides at the LC50 showed a significant decrease in their growth rates relative to those treated with the insecticides at LC30. These results provide a reference for exploring the effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on A. glycines population dynamics in the field and offer insight to agricultural producers on the potential of low-lethal concentrations of insecticides to stimulate insect reproduction during insecticide application.

scholarly journals How Is Fitness of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Affected When Different Developmental Stages Are Exposed to Chlorfenapyr?

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Anna Skourti ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Nikos E. Papanikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is an important pest of stored products. Insecticidal treatment is a common practice for the control of this notorious insect pest. Most studies are focused on the immediate and/or delayed mortality effects, while there are no data on the effects of insecticides on the population fitness. This study deals with the effect of chlorfenapyr on T. castaneum, investigating the cost of exposure of different developmental stages on population performance, by using life table statistics and a survival analysis method. For this purpose, eggs, larvae, and parental adult females of T. castaneum were exposed to chlorfenapyr and birth or death rates were calculated daily. The exposure of eggs and larvae to chlorfenapyr was detrimental for T. castaneum and they did not complete development. When parental females were exposed to chlorfenapyr, the progeny survival curve, biological features, as well as the life table parameters did not differ significantly compared to the control treatment. Thus, egg hatching, larval and pupal developmental periods, female and male longevities for the control treatment, and the progeny of the females that were exposed to chlorfenapyr were 4.66 and 4.76 days, 25.85 and 25.71 days, 5.00 and 5.26 days, 87.33 and 104.22 days, and 76.87 and 91.87 days, respectively. In addition, the mean values of the net reproductive rate, the intrinsic rate of increase, the mean generation time and the doubling time for the control treatment and the progeny of the parental females which were exposed to chlorfenapyr were 14.3 and 9.3 females/female, 0.038 and 0.028 females/female/day, 1.039 and 1.029, 70.0 and 76.9 days, and 18.5 and 24.9 days, respectively. We expect these results to have bearing on the management of T. castaneum, since the repeatedly insecticidal applications could be reduced in storage facilities.

Biological traits of acarophagous thrips, Scolothrips longicornis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Schizotetranychus smirnovi (Acari: Tetranychidae): Application of female age-specific and age-stage, two-sex life tables

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-524
Author(s):  
Marjan Heidarian ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipor ◽  
Amin Sedaratian-jahromi
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Scolothrips Longicornis

Schizotetranychus smirnovi Wainstein is an important phytophagous pest of almond trees which causes serious damage in southwestern Iran. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner has been considered as an efficient predatory thrips that feeds on this spider mite and hence its efficiency for controlling S. smirnovi should be evaluated. In the current study, all main biological parameters of S. longicornis fed on S. smirnovi were determined under laboratory conditions. Data analysis was performed using both female age-specific and age-stage, two-sex life table theories. Duration of incubation, larval, pre-pupal, pupal and pre-adult periods of male predators were 4.73, 3.18, 1.05, 1.86 and 10.82 days, respectively. These periods in female individuals lasted 4.57, 3.92, 1.04, 1.87 and 11.00 days, respectively. Our findings showed that each female laid an average of 62.74 eggs during its ovipositional period (13.61 days). Using the age-stage, two-sex life table, the values of the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ) and mean generation time (T) were estimated to be 26.236 (eggs/individual), 0.171 (day-1), 1.186 (day-1) and 19.130 (days), respectively. Using the female age-specific life table, these parameters had different values. Our findings revealed that S. longicornis has a reliable capability to increase its population by feeding on S. smirnovi. This information can expand our knowledge for assessing biological efficiency of this predatory thrips in sustainable management of the destructive mite pest. 

scholarly journals Age Stage Two-Sex Life Table Reveals Sublethal Effects of Some Herbal and Chemical Insecticides on Adults ofBemisia tabaci(Hem.: Aleyrodidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Jafarbeigi ◽  
Mohammad Amin Samih ◽  
Mehdi Zarabi ◽  
Saeideh Esmaeily
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Important Pest

The sweetpotato whitefly,Bemisia tabaci(Genn.) (Hem.: Aleyrodidae), is an important pest of agriculture in subtropical and tropical areas. In this study, we used the age-stage two-sex life table to evaluate the sublethal effects of the herbal extracts taken fromFumaria parvifloraLam. (Fumariaceae),Teucrium poliumL. (Lamiaceae),Calotropis procera(Willd.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae), andThymus vulgarisL. (Lamiaceae) as well as the two commercial synthetic insecticides, pymetrozin and neemarin. The whiteflies were exposed to each insecticide using leaf-dip method. Analysis of life table parameters revealed significant differences (P≤0.05) in the net reproductive rate (R0,NRR), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) among different insecticides. The lowest values of the three population parameters,R0,r, andλ, were observed on whiteflies treated with pymetrozin (2.455, 0.036, and 1.036),T. polium(2.828, 0.044, and 1.045), and neemarin (2.998, 0.046, and 1.047), respectively. Results of this study highlights the satisfactory insecticidal effects of the extract taken fromT. poliumonB. tabaci, which is comparable to the two commonly used synthetic insecticides.

scholarly journals Age-stage, two-sex life table analysis of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on maize and kidney bean

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Xie ◽  
Junrui Zhi ◽  
Jiaqin Ye ◽  
Yeming Zhou ◽  
Cao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), or fall armyworm, is one of major migratory agricultural pests with a wide range of hosts. The effect of different hosts (maize and kidney bean) on the growth and reproduction of S. frugiperda were investigated using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. Results The results showed that S. frugiperda could complete its entire life cycle on both hosts, albeit with significantly different development and reproduction. The durations of larval and pupal development were significantly prolonged whereas adult lifespan was shortened on kidney bean compared to maize. The differences of survival rates at each instar, prepupal and pupal stages between the two hosts were not statistically significant. The total pre-oviposition period was longer on kidney bean than that on maize (42.05 vs 39.04 days), but there was no difference in the oviposition rate (64.77 on kidney bean vs 62.48 on maize). The differences of net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase were nonsignificant, while the mean generation time on kidney bean (42.05 days) was significantly longer than that on maize (40.92 days). Conclusions The results indicate that S. frugiperda can grow and reproduce normally on both hosts, although maize is more suitable. Nonetheless, the data show that this pest is harmful when the population density is high or when the preferred host is scarce. Graphic abstract

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