scholarly journals Evaluation of different point-of-care tests to characterize the vaginal discharge of sows after parturition and parameters’ correlation with subsequent reproductive performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Grahofer ◽  
T. Mäder ◽  
H. Nathues
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Birth Process ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

AbstractThe lochia is the physiological uterine discharge post-partum, whereas abnormal fluids are often indicators of puerperal disorders in sows, which negatively influence the further reproductive performance. The aim of the study was to characterize the vaginal discharge in sows employing simple and feasible tests and to correlate the evaluated parameters with the subsequent reproductive performance of these sows. The birth process of 48 clinically healthy free farrowing sows was monitored and several parameters characterizing the vaginal discharge such as total amount, colour, amount of cells (somatic cell count) and cell characteristics (cytology) were collected daily from first to fifth day after parturition. Finally, the reproductive performance of the following gestation was evaluated and compared to the characteristics of the lochia. The amount of vaginal discharge was significantly increased on the second (p < 0.01), third (p = 0.019) and fourth (p = 0.011) day post-partum compared to day one. Furthermore, a decrease in the percentage of neutrophilic granulocytes from day one to three (p = 0.038), four (p = 0.038) and five (p = 0.048) post-partum was observed. The percentage of neutrophilic granulocytes in the yellowish vaginal discharge was increased compared to whitish (p = 0.02) or clear (p = 0.027) vaginal discharge. In addition, obstetrics (p = 0.003) and an increased farrowing duration (p = 0.017) significantly increased the amount of vaginal discharge. Sows with a high amount of vaginal discharge had a significant higher body temperature than sows with no (p = 0.014) or low amount (p < 0.01) of vaginal discharge. No correlation was detected between the evaluated parameters of the lochia and the subsequent reproductive performance. It is hypothesised that the amount of vaginal discharge alone is not a predictor for the performance of sows during their next gestation. However, it might serve as indicator for acute endometritis. In summary, the different parameters of the vaginal discharge determined by means of point-of-care tests might be useful to strengthen a presumptive diagnose of endometritis in sows during the first five days after parturition.

Relationship between milk somatic cell count and postpartum ovarian cyclicity and fertility in dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thinh Nguyen ◽  
Toshihiko Nakao ◽  
Gokarna Gautam ◽  
Long Su ◽  
Ranasinghe Ranasinghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Ovarian Cyclicity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The main objective of the study was to describe the relationship of high somatic cell count (SCC) with the incidence of abnormal postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity and reproductive performance in dairy cows. The factors influencing SCC were also investigated. Four hundred and forty-seven cows from six dairy herds in Japan were monitored for SCC and postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity. Cows with high SCC (200,000 to 500,000) had a higher incidence of prolonged luteal phase (P < 0.01) than cows with an SCC of 50,000 to 100,000. The high SCC cows (> 500,000) also showed a higher incidence of delayed first ovulation post partum than cows with an SCC ≤500,000 (P < 0.05) during the first month post partum. Cows with an SCC of 200,000 to 500,000 showed lower conception and pregnancy rates, and more days from calving to conception than cows with an SCC of less than 200,000 (P < 0.05). Cows in parity 5 or more had a higher incidence of high SCC than cows in the first and second parities (P < 0.05). It is concluded that cows with a high SCC have a higher incidence of abnormal postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity, leading to reduced reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms in the bovine lactoferrin promoter are associated with reproductive performance and somatic cell count

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 1253-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O’Halloran ◽  
D.P. Berry ◽  
B. Bahar ◽  
D.J. Howard ◽  
T. Sweeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin

Effect of mid-line or low-line milking systems on milking characteristics in goats

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Manzur ◽  
José-Ramón Díaz ◽  
Amine Mehdid ◽  
Nemesio Fernández ◽  
Cristòfol Peris
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Intramammary Infection ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Milk Flow

Two experiments were carried out to compare mechanical milking in mid-level (ML) and low-level (LL) milkline in goats. The first trial used 40 intramammary infection (IMI)-free goats that had been milked in ML during a pre-experimental period of 4±1 weeks post partum. These animals were divided into two groups (n=20), randomly assigning each group to ML or LL milking for a 17-week experimental period. During this period, several strategies were applied to increase teat exposure to pathogens in both experimental groups. The IMI rate was the same in both experimental groups (30% of goats), although the majority of new infections appeared earlier in ML (weeks 1–5) than in LL (weeks 7–16). Teat-end vacuum range (maximum minus minimum vacuum) was higher in ML than in LL, but no significant differences were found in the remaining variables [milk production and composition, somatic cell count (SCC), frequency of liner slips+teatcups fall off]. In the second experiment, in a crossover design (54 goats in fourth month of lactation; 2 treatments, ML and LL, in 2 experimental periods each lasting 1 week) it was observed that both the milk fractioning (reduced machine milk and increased machine stripping) and average machine milk flow worsened slightly in ML milking; in contrast, no differences were observed in total milking time or teat thickness changes after milking. It was concluded that the differences found between ML and LL are not sufficiently important to discourage breeders from using ML in goat milking.

Analysis of relationship between sows colostrum and milk somatic cell count and reproductive performance traits

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marek Babicz ◽  
Robert Cichocki ◽  
Karolina Kasprzak ◽  
Kinga Kropiwiec ◽  
Katarzyna Szuba
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Performance Traits

1156 Effects of Omnigen-AF supplementation on body temperature, milk production, and somatic cell count in lactating dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 554-555
Author(s):  
T. Leiva ◽  
R. F. Cooke ◽  
A. P. Brandao ◽  
R. L. A. Cerri ◽  
R. O. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals A Connection Between Mastitis During Early Lactation and Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows – A Review / Związek mastitis we wczesnej laktacji z użytkowością reprodukcyjną krów mlecznych – artykuł przeglądowy

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-448
Author(s):  
Jan Olechnowicz ◽  
Jędrzej M. Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Genetic Standard Deviation

Abstract The objective of this study was to present a relationship between mastitis in the post-calving period and fertility traits of dairy cows. The threshold of 200,000 cells/ml for somatic cell count is used as a reference for healthy quarters of the cow’s udder. The genetic correlation between mastitis and somatic cell count is strong (from 0.7 to 0.8). Although heritability for fertility traits is low (from 0.01 to 0.02), the genetic standard deviation for mastitis varies from 1.2 to 7.0 percentage units, suggesting that genetic gain can be achieved by selecting for mastitis. Results of this study suggest that mastitis in the postpartum period can have a markedly negative impact on the reproductive performance of dairy cows. The synergistic effect of common conditions (somatic cell count, body condition score and lameness score) or other factors (e.g. heat stress, fertility management, the presence of repeat breeders) also lowers fertility of cows. Production of milk with fewer than 100,000 cells/ml leads to improved health and fertility in the cows.

scholarly journals The importance of hoof health in dairy production

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Krpálková ◽  
Victor E. Cabrera ◽  
Ludmila Zavadilová ◽  
Miloslava Štípková
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Binary Variable ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Czech Republic

The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of hoof health on reproduction and production performance, somatic cell count, and longevity in dairy cattle. The data set consisted of records from 19 145 dairy cows at 11 dairy farms in the Czech Republic during years 1998 to 2016. Observations were grouped according to the number of hoof disease (HD) incidence. Each record included a binary variable indicating if HD was observed. The prevalence (% of all cows) observed with HD and its changes according to parity, milk yield, and calving interval were calculated. Great variability among farms was observed. HD detected in the first month of first lactation was associated with 1.5 kg/day lower milk yield and 58 000 cell/ml higher somatic cell count during first lactation. HD detected in the first month of second lactation was associated with 2.6 kg/day lower milk yield and 45 000 cell/ml higher somatic cell count during second lactation. Results from completed lactations showed that observed HD was associated with significantly lower milk yield: 124 kg less during first lactation and 308 kg less during second lactation. Reproductive performance was the poorest in the group with the highest number of HD observations (frequency) within a single lactation (≥ 4). The higher the number of HD frequency per lactation, the greater was the negative association on production and reproductive performance.

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