scholarly journals Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) survey of experiences with ambulatory healthcare for Asians and non-Hispanic Whites in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohir Ahmedov ◽  
Nadereh Pourat ◽  
Honghu Liu ◽  
Ron D. Hays
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Configural Invariance ◽  
Fit Index ◽  
Consumer Assessment ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract Background Differences in experiences of care reported by Asian Americans (Asians) compared to non-Hispanic Whites (Whites) may be due to lack of measurement invariance. Methods We evaluated the three-factor structure and the equivalence of responses to the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) Clinical and Group (CG-CAHPS) Adult Visit Survey 1.0 and compared care experiences of Asians and Whites. Thirteen questions were used to elicit reports about specific aspects of care and two questions assessed overall care perceptions. This analysis of the CAHPS database included 769 providers and 266,327 respondents. Most surveys (98%) were administered by mail and the rest (2%) by phone. Only 0.5% of the surveys were administered in Spanish. The sample was 64% female, 89% White and 2% Asian, 39% 65 years or older, and 32% were high school graduates or less. Results A three-factor model was supported by categorical confirmatory factor analysis using weighted least squares with mean and variance adjustment: confirmatory fit index (CFI) = 0.99 and root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.03). A multi-group configural invariance model also fit the data well: (CFI = 0.993, RMSEA = 0.031). Regression models indicated that Asians reported worse access, lower scores on office staff courtesy and helpfulness and rating their doctors and were less likely to recommend their doctors to family/friends than did Whites. Conclusions Use of the CG-CAHPS Adult Visit Survey 1.0 to assess perceptions of care by Asians and Whites is supported. Quality improvement efforts are needed to address worse experiences of care among Asians in the United States.

scholarly journals Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Hagerty ◽  
William Samuels ◽  
Andrea Norcini-Pala ◽  
Eileen Gigliotti
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Range Theory ◽  
Consumer Assessment ◽  
Three Factor

A confirmatory factor analysis of data from the responses of 12,436 patients to 16 items on the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems–Hospital survey was used to test a latent factor structure based on Peplau’s middle-range theory of interpersonal relations. A two-factor model based on Peplau’s theory fit these data well, whereas a three-factor model also based on Peplau’s theory fit them excellently and provided a suitable alternate factor structure for the data. Though neither the two- nor three-factor model fit as well as the original factor structure, these results support using Peplau’s theory to demonstrate nursing’s extensive contribution to the experiences of hospitalized patients.

scholarly journals Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Training among Medical Schools in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110287
Author(s):  
Robert L. Cooper ◽  
Mohammad Tabatabai ◽  
Paul D. Juarez ◽  
Aramandla Ramesh ◽  
Matthew C. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) has been shown to be an effective method of HIV prevention for men who have sex with-men (MSM) and -transgender women (MSTGWs), serodiscordant couples, and injection drug users; however fewer than 50 000 individuals currently take this regimen. Knowledge of PrEP is low among healthcare providers and much of this lack of knowledge stems from the lack or exposure to PrEP in medical school. We conducted a cross sectional survey of medical schools in the United States to assess the degree to which PrEP for HIV prevention is taught. The survey consisted Likert scale questions assessing how well the students were prepared to perform each skill associated with PrEP delivery, as well as how PrEP education was delivered to students. We contacted 141 medical schools and 71 responded to the survey (50.4%). PrEP education was only reported to be offered at 38% of schools, and only 15.4% reported specific training for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) patients. The most common delivery methods of PrEP content were didactic sessions with 11 schools reporting this method followed by problem-based learning, direct patient contact, workshops, and small group discussions. Students were more prepared to provide PrEP to MSM compared to other high-risk patients. Few medical schools are preparing their students to prescribe PrEP upon graduation. Further, there is a need to increase the number of direct patient contacts or simulations for students to be better prepared.

scholarly journals Evaluation of pharmacists’ awareness of illegal online pharmacies and perceived impact on safe access to medicines

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239920262110056
Author(s):  
John B Hertig ◽  
Shannon M James ◽  
Connor J Hummel ◽  
Matthew J Rubin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Access To Medicines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Online Pharmacies ◽  
Effective Medication ◽  
Selection Of

Background: An estimated 95% of all online pharmacies operate unlawfully. Illegal online pharmacies distribute substandard and falsified medical products that may result in patient harm and suboptimal treatment, leading to an overall mistrust of medications, healthcare providers, and health systems. As medication experts, pharmacists are trusted to guide patients in selection of safe and effective medication therapy. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine gaps in knowledge and recognition of the negative clinical and safety impacts associated with illegal Internet pharmacies by licensed pharmacists. Methods: A 37-question electronic survey was developed and distributed to pharmacists across the United States by email via a database from the American Pharmacists Association. Descriptive statistics was utilized to analyze data. Results: A total of 347 pharmacists from across the United States responded to at least one question in the survey. In all, 58% of pharmacists reported a lack of confidence in their ability to counsel patients on the identification of illegal pharmacy websites. Fewer than 60% of pharmacists were able to accurately identify the legitimacy of a webpage based on visual characteristics. In addition, 75% of pharmacists reported being unfamiliar with resources available to help consumers identify safe and legitimate online pharmacies. Conclusion: Integration of the topic into pharmacy education curricula, training on available resources, and additional research into the prevalence and impact of illegal pharmacy websites are necessary to ensure that pharmacists and other healthcare professionals are adequately prepared to protect their communities from the threat of illegal online pharmacies.

scholarly journals Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) into the Malay Language

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Badruridzwanullah Zun ◽  
Mohd Ismail Ibrahim ◽  
Ariffin Marzuki Mokhtar ◽  
Ahmad Sukari Halim ◽  
Wan Nor Arifin Wan Mansor
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Patient Perceptions ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Hospital Consumer Assessment ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Consumer Assessment ◽  
Face Validation

Background: Patient feedback is an important tool in assessing health system quality. The Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) was developed in 2006 as a standardized instrument to assess patient perceptions in the United States of America. This study aimed to translate and validate the HCAHPS questionnaire into the Malay language in order to assess patient perceptions of health services in Malaysia. Methods: The original HCAPHS in English was translated into Malay based on the established guideline. The content validation involved an expert panel of 10 members, including patients. The face validation pilot testing of the HCAHPS-Malay version was conducted among 10 discharged patients. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) used principal axis factor, and varimax rotation was established based on a cross-sectional study conducted among 200 discharged patients from Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM). Results: The overall content validity index was 0.87, and the universal face validity index was 0.82. From the EFA, the factor loading value ranged from 0.652 to 0.961 within nine domains. The internal consistency reliability with Cronbach’s alpha was 0.844. Conclusion: The HCAHPS-Malay is a reliable and valid tool to determine patients’ perception of healthcare services among inpatients in Hospital USM based on the content and face validation result together with a good construct validity and excellent absolute reliability. Further testing on HCAHPS-Malay version in other settings in Malaysia needs to be done for cross-validation.

scholarly journals The Association of Mobile Health Applications with Self-Management Behaviors among Adults with Chronic Conditions in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10351
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Amy F. Ho ◽  
R. Constance Wiener ◽  
Usha Sambamoorthi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Health Records ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Mhealth Apps ◽  
Management Behaviors

Background: Mobile applications related to health and wellness (mHealth apps) are widely used to self-manage chronic conditions. However, research on whether mHealth apps facilitate self-management behaviors of individuals with chronic conditions is sparse. We aimed to evaluate the association of mHealth apps with different types of self-management behaviors among patients with chronic diseases in the United States. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study. We used data from adult participants (unweighted n = 2340) of the Health Information National Trends Survey in 2018 and 2019. We identified three self-management behaviors: (1) resource utilization using electronic personal health records; (2) treatment discussions with healthcare providers; and (3) making healthcare decisions. We analyzed the association of mHealth apps to self-management behaviors with multivariable logistic and ordinal regressions. Results: Overall, 59.8% of adults (unweighted number = 1327) used mHealth apps. Adults using mHealth apps were more likely to use personal health records (AOR = 3.11, 95% CI 2.26–4.28), contact healthcare providers using technology (AOR = 2.70, 95% CI 1.93–3.78), and make decisions on chronic disease management (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.93–3.49). The mHealth apps were associated with higher levels of self-management involvement (AOR = 3.53, 95% CI 2.63–4.72). Conclusion: Among individuals with chronic conditions, having mHealth apps was associated with positive self-management behaviors.

The Benefits of Commitment to a Currency Peg: Aggregate Lessons from the Regional Effects of the 1896 U.S. Presidential Election

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott L. Fulford ◽  
Felipe Schwartzman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Real Activity ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Shock

We develop a method to use the one-time cross-sectional impact of a cleanly identified shock to identify its aggregate impact through the use of a factor model. We apply this methodology to evaluate the importance of fluctuations to the commitment to a currency peg for macroeconomic outcomes during the gold standard period in the United States. The presidential election in 1896 provides a cleanly identified positive shock to commitment to the gold standard. After the election, bank leverage increased substantially, particularly in states where gold was in greater use. Using the latent factor identified by the election, we find that full commitment to gold had the potential to reduce the volatility of real activity overall by a significant amount in the last two decades of the nineteenth century, as well as substantially mitigate the economic depression starting in 1893.

scholarly journals HIV-Related Stigma by Healthcare Providers in the United States: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 418-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelica Geter ◽  
Adrienne R. Herron ◽  
Madeline Y. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Related Stigma

scholarly journals Equal work for unequal pay: the gender reimbursement gap for healthcare providers in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (1092) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejas Desai ◽  
Sadeem Ali ◽  
Xiangming Fang ◽  
Wanda Thompson ◽  
Pankaj Jawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equal Work

Protecting the Next Generation

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Sundstrom ◽  
Laura A. Carr ◽  
Andrea L. DeMaria ◽  
Jeffrey E. Korte ◽  
Susan C. Modesitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Cues To Action ◽  
Fit Index

This study guides social marketing campaigns to increase human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among young women by elaborating the health belief model (HBM). A self-administered, anonymous, web-based questionnaire was e-mailed to all entering female college students at a large, public university in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Findings elaborate the HBM constructs of perceived threat, benefits, barriers, and cues to action. Almost all participants had heard about the HPV vaccine and the majority of first-year students had received at least one shot in the vaccination series. Results expand understandings of perceived threat in relation to the HPV vaccine by explicating misinformation and knowledge gaps. Participants indicated that parents and physicians were their most trusted sources of vaccine information. Television and Internet cues to action were negatively associated with HPV vaccination among these women. Structural equation modeling results affirmed the HBM’s fit (comparative fit index = 0.935, normative fit index = 0.921, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.077). This finding suggests the importance of multimodal sources of information, expanding the dichotomous internal and external cues to action. Perceptions of vaccine safety remained a significant barrier to the uptake of HPV vaccination among participants. Racial disparities between White and non-White students could have a considerable impact on the established inequality in HPV vaccination rates in the United States. Results inform future social marketing campaign messages and strategies based on the HBM.

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