scholarly journals Clinical outcome and safety of selective renal artery embolization using permanent occlusive agents for acute renal bleeding

Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Alwarraky ◽  
Mohamed M. Abdallah ◽  
Mohamed S. Elgharbawy

Abstract Background To evaluate how far is selective renal artery embolization (RAE) using permanent agents effective in treating acute renal artery bleeding. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients (n = 45) with renal bleeding who were managed by selective RAE using coils, N-butyl-cyanoacrylate glue (NBCA glue), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Data retrieved included the cause, number, and type of the bleeding lesions as well as the results of the embolization for 1 year after RAE. Clinical success was the primary outcome while re-bleeding and complications were the secondary outcomes. Results There were 55 bleeding lesions detected by angiography in the included 45 patients. Coils were used in 23/45 patients (51.1%), NBCA glue in 15/45 patients (33.3%), and PVA in 7 patients (15.6%). Bleeding could be controlled with embolization in a single session in 41/45 patients with primary clinical success 91.1%. Four patients needed re-embolization sessions to control bleeding and only one patient was controlled, giving secondary clinical success of 92.3%. Three patients failed to respond to embolization and nephrectomy was done. Iatrogenic dissection of the segmental branch was seen in one patient. Post embolization syndrome was seen in 14/45 patients (31.1%). Non-target embolization was seen in 2 patients: one during treatment with NBCA glue and the other with PVA. No other complications were recorded. No significant differences between clinical success among coil, NBCA glue, and PVA subgroups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Selective RAE using permanent agents is effective in controlling renal bleeding and no significant difference among coil, NBCA glue, and PVA.

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1106) ◽  
pp. 20190256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Contegiacomo ◽  
Enrico Maria Amodeo ◽  
Alessandro Cina ◽  
Carmine Di stasi ◽  
Roberto Iezzi ◽  
...  

Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of renal artery embolization (RAE) for iatrogenic renal vascular injuries (IRVI) management at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, in the last 5 years. Methods: Retrospective analysis of all RAE procedures performed from January 2013 to December 2017. Patients-related (age, sex, vascular variants, hemoglobin and serum creatinine), IRVI-related (type and vascular level of IRVI, presence and extension of hematoma), management-related (temporal interval between diagnostic imaging and RAE) and procedure-related (embolic materials, technical success, clinical success and complications) parameters were evaluated. Results: 28 RAE procedures performed on 28 patients (21 males; 7 females) were included. 19/28 patients had pseudoaneurysm, 7/28 active bleeding and 1/28 arteriovenous fistula; 4/28 patients had a combination of 2 IRVI. The extent of perirenal hematoma showed correlation with the cause of IRVI (p = 0.028). Technical success was achieved in all patients whereas clinical success in 25/28 (89.3%), with 3 patients requiring re-treatment. Minor complications were observed during 2/28 (7.1%) endovascular procedures. No major complications occurred. A longer procedural time was observed in patients with lower pre-procedural levels of hemoglobin (p = 0.016). No differences were found in mean serum creatinine (p = 0.23) before and immediately after treatment, while values of creatinine at 1 week from the procedure were significantly lower (p = 0.04). Conclusion: RAE is safe and effective for the management of iatrogenic IRVI showing high technical and clinical success rate and low complication rate. Advances in knowledge: Low pre-procedural hemoglobin levels increase procedural duration time. Glue alone or in combination with other materials is as safe as coils.


2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivy Chow ◽  
Vincent Mabasa ◽  
Connor Chan

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Small-dose, short-interval dosing for meropenem has been shown to yield pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties similar to those associated with traditional dosing of this drug. However, few studies have examined clinical outcomes in the general population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To characterize differences in effects between a small-dose, short-interval dosing regimen for meropenem (500 mg every 6 h) and the traditional regimen (1000 mg every 8 h) on clinical outcomes and costs to the health care system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 194 patients who received the traditional meropenem dosage (July 2006 to August 2008) and 188 patients who received the small-dose, short-interval regimen (December 2008 and October 2009) at a large tertiary care hospital and a community hospital. The primary outcome (clinical success), the secondary outcomes (30-day in-hospital mortality, time to defervescence, duration of therapy, and length of stay), and drug costs were compared between cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 2 cohorts did not differ significantly in terms of baseline characteristics. There was no statistically significant difference between the small-dose, short-interval regimen and the traditional dosing regimen in terms of the primary outcome: clinical success was achieved in 83.5% (162/194) and 80.8% (152/188) of the patients, respectively. Likewise, there was no statistically significant difference in any of the secondary outcomes. The average drug cost per patient per visit was $222.23 with small-dose, short-interval dosing and $355.90 with traditional dosing, a significant difference of more than $130 per patient per visit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The small-dose, short-interval meropenem dosing regimen resulted in clinical outcomes similar to those achieved with the traditional dosing regimen at significantly lower cost.</p><p> <strong>RÉSUMÉ</strong></p><p><strong>Contexte : </strong>Selon des études, un schéma posologique de méropénème avec administration d’une faible dose à intervalle réduit produit des résultats pharmacocinétiques et pharmacodynamiques semblables à ceux obtenus avec une posologie traditionnelle. Mais peu d’études ont examiné les résultats cliniques dans la population générale.</p><p><strong>Objectif : </strong>Offrir un portrait des différences entre les effets d’un schema posologique de méropénème avec administration d’une faible dose à intervalle réduit (500 mg toutes les 6 heures) et d’une posologie traditionnelle (1000 mg toutes les 8 heures) pour ce qui est des résultats cliniques et des coûts pour le système de santé.</p><p><strong>Méthodes : </strong>La présente étude de cohorte rétrospective incluait 194 patients ayant reçu le méropénème selon le schéma posologique traditionnel (entre juillet 2006 et août 2008) et 188 patients l’ayant reçu avec administration d’une faible dose à intervalle réduit (entre décembre 2008 et octobre 2009) dans un grand hôpital de soins tertiaires et un hôpital communautaire. Le principal paramètre d’évaluation (succès clinique), les paramètres d’évaluation secondaires (taux de mortalité à l’hôpital dans les 30 jours, période de défervescence, durée du traitement et durée du séjour) et les coûts des médicaments ont été comparés entre les cohortes.</p><p><strong>Résultats : </strong>Les deux cohortes n’étaient pas significativement différentes en ce qui touche aux caractéristiques de base. Il n’y avait aucune difference statistiquement significative entre le schéma posologique avec administration d’une faible dose à intervalle réduit et la posologie traditionnelle en ce qui concerne le principal paramètre d’évaluation : le succès clinique a été obtenu respectivement chez 83,5 % (162/194) et chez 80,8 % (152/188) des patients. De même, aucune différence statistiquement significative n’a été relevée pour les paramètres d’évaluation secondaires. Par contre, le coût moyen des médicaments par patient par visite était de 222,23 $ pour le schéma posologique avec administration d’une faible dose à intervalle réduit et de 355,90 $ pour la posologie traditionnelle, une difference significative de plus de 130 $ par patient par visite (<em>p </em>&lt; 0,001).</p><strong>Conclusion : </strong>Le schéma posologique de méropénème avec administration d’une faible dose à intervalle réduit produisait des résultats cliniques semblables à ceux de le posologie traditionnelle, et ce, pour un prix significativement plus faible.


Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Kenta Torigoe ◽  
Kumiko Muta ◽  
Kiyokazu Tsuji ◽  
Ayuko Yamashita ◽  
Shinichi Abe ◽  
...  

Percutaneous renal biopsy is an essential tool for diagnosing various renal diseases; however, little is known about whether renal biopsy performed by physicians with short nephrology experience is safe in Japan. This study included 238 patients who underwent percutaneous renal biopsy between April 2017 and September 2020. We retrospectively analyzed the frequency of post-renal biopsy complications (hemoglobin decrease of ≥10%, hypotension, blood transfusion, renal artery embolization, nephrectomy and death) and compared their incidence among physicians with varied experience in nephrology. After renal biopsy, a hemoglobin decrease of ≥10%, hypotension and transfusion occurred in 13.1%, 3.8% and 0.8% of patients, respectively. There were no cases of post-biopsy renal artery embolism, nephrectomy, or death. The composite complication rate was 16.0%. The incidence of post-biopsy complications was similar between physicians with ≥3 years and <3 years of clinical nephrology experience (12.5% vs. 16.8%, p = 0.64). Furthermore, the post-biopsy composite complication rates were similar between physicians with ≥6 months and <6 months of clinical nephrology experience (16.3% vs. 15.6%, p > 0.99). Under attending nephrologist supervision, a physician with short clinical nephrology experience can safely perform renal biopsy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (04) ◽  
pp. 420-425
Author(s):  
Alex Lionberg ◽  
James Jeffries ◽  
Thuong G. Van Ha

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S799-S800
Author(s):  
Nerea Irusta ◽  
Ana Vega ◽  
Yoichiro Natori ◽  
Lilian M Abbo ◽  
Lilian M Abbo ◽  
...  

Abstract Background In-vitro studies have shown synergistic bactericidal activity with daptomycin (DAP) plus β-lactam antimicrobials against vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE). There is a paucity of data regarding clinical outcomes with this combination in VRE bloodstream infections (BSI). The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of DAP plus a β-lactam with in-vitro activity vs. other therapies for treatment of VRE BSI. Methods IRB-approved, single-center, retrospective study of patients with VRE BSI from 01/2018-09/2019. Patients were excluded if &lt; 18 years old, pregnant, or incarcerated. The primary outcome was time-to-microbiological clearance. Secondary outcomes included infection-related mortality, 30-day all-cause mortality, and incidence of recurrent BSI within 30 days of index culture. Targeted DAP doses were ≥ 8mg/kg and based on MIC. Factors associated with significance for outcomes, via univariate analysis, were evaluated with multivariable logistic regression (MLR), removed in a backward-step approach. Results A total of 85 patients were included, 23 of which received DAP plus a β-lactam. The comparator arm included linezolid or DAP monotherapy. Patients with combination therapy had significantly higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (p=0.013) and numerically higher Pitt Bacteremia scores (PBS) (p=0.087) (Table 1). There was no difference seen in the primary outcome (Table 2). Secondary outcomes are provided in Table 2. The presence of polymicrobial infection and higher PBS were significantly associated with infection-related mortality (p=0.008 and p=0.005, respectively) by MLR. A Mann Whitney U test indicated that presence of infection-related mortality was greater for patients with higher MICS (U=20.5, p=0.06). The presence of an underlying source may be related to recurrence of BSI (p=0.075). Table 1: Patient Characteristics Table 2. Primary and Secondary Outcomes Conclusion We did not find a significant difference in time-to-microbiological clearance, although patients treated with DAP and a β-lactam had higher CCI and PBS. These results are limited by retrospective design, small sample size, and potential selection bias. Prospective randomized studies are needed to further validate these findings. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures


2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1375-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pappas ◽  
C. Constantinides ◽  
P. Leonardou ◽  
G. Zavos ◽  
J. Boletis ◽  
...  

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