Understand pore structure in carbonate reservoir rocks using geophysical measurements and digital rock physics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Rock Physics ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Digital Rock Physics ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
Digital Rock ◽  
Geophysical Measurements

scholarly journals Construction of pore structure and lithology of digital rock physics based on laboratory experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2113-2125
Author(s):  
Chenzhi Huang ◽  
Xingde Zhang ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Nianyin Li ◽  
Jia Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Rock Physics ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Digital Rock Physics ◽  
Digital Rock ◽  
The Core

AbstractThe development and stimulation of oil and gas fields are inseparable from the experimental analysis of reservoir rocks. Large number of experiments, poor reservoir properties and thin reservoir thickness will lead to insufficient number of cores, which restricts the experimental evaluation effect of cores. Digital rock physics (DRP) can solve these problems well. This paper presents a rapid, simple, and practical method to establish the pore structure and lithology of DRP based on laboratory experiments. First, a core is scanned by computed tomography (CT) scanning technology, and filtering back-projection reconstruction method is used to test the core visualization. Subsequently, three-dimensional median filtering technology is used to eliminate noise signals after scanning, and the maximum interclass variance method is used to segment the rock skeleton and pore. Based on X-ray diffraction technology, the distribution of minerals in the rock core is studied by combining the processed CT scan data. The core pore size distribution is analyzed by the mercury intrusion method, and the core pore size distribution with spatial correlation is constructed by the kriging interpolation method. Based on the analysis of the core particle-size distribution by the screening method, the shape of the rock particle is assumed to be a more practical irregular polyhedron; considering this shape and the mineral distribution, the DRP pore structure and lithology are finally established. The DRP porosity calculated by MATLAB software is 32.4%, and the core porosity measured in a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment is 29.9%; thus, the accuracy of the model is validated. Further, the method of simulating the process of physical and chemical changes by using the digital core is proposed for further study.

Using digital rocks and simulations of pore-scale multiphysics to characterize a sandstone reservoir

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. SB33-SB43
Author(s):  
Madhumita Sengupta ◽  
Mark G. Kittridge ◽  
Jean-Pierre Blangy
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Rock Physics ◽  
Digital Rock Physics ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
Digital Rock ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Reservoir Sandstones ◽  
Sandstone Reservoir

The modeling and prediction of transport and elastic properties for sandstones are critical steps in the exploration and appraisal of hydrocarbon reservoirs, particularly in deepwater settings where seismic data are abundant and well costs are high. Reliable multiphysics modeling of reservoir rocks requires robust models that respect the underlying geologic character and microstructure of the geomaterial and honor the measured properties. We have developed a case study that integrates traditional laboratory measurements with computational methods to quantify and relate physical properties of reservoir sandstones. We evaluate the complementary use of digital rock simulations as a practical technology that adds physical insight into the development and calibration of rock-property relationships. We also determine the challenges faced while applying digital rock physics to interpret laboratory data, and the steps taken to overcome those limitations. Combining physical and computational methods, we achieve an improved understanding of the link between geologic properties (sorting, microporosity) with transport (single-phase permeability, electrical conductivity) and elastic properties (moduli). Combining physical measurements with numerical computations has enhanced our understanding of multiphysics relationships in a heterogeneous sandstone reservoir.

Digital Rock Physics and Challenge in Formation Evaluation of Carbonate Reservoir, Case Study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Antonia Gibrata ◽  
Mohammed Ramadan Ayoub ◽  
Zubair Kalam ◽  
Omar Yahya Al-amrie ◽  
Olivier Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Rock Physics ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Formation Evaluation ◽  
Digital Rock Physics ◽  
Digital Rock

scholarly journals Porosity Identification of Carbonate Core Reservoir Using Digital Rock Physics Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Irsyad Nuruzzaman Sidiq ◽  
Thaqibul Fikri Niyartama
Keyword(s):  
Rock Physics ◽  
Binary Image ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
Digital Rock Physics ◽  
Digital Rock ◽  
Hydrocarbon Reservoir ◽  
Otsu Method ◽  
Scanned Image ◽  
Physical Quantities

Indonesia is an archipelago country so rich with coral reefs that are a major component of the carbonate rock constituents. Where as much as 40% of carbonate rocks in Indonesia is a hydrocarbon reservoir is still rarely done exploration. This is because conventional hydrocarbon exploration technology has not been able to provide detailed information about the physical quantities. Hydrocarbon exploration technologies currently leads on digital technology to know the physical quantities of a reservoir of more detail such as porosity. Porosity which is physical quantities related to the presence of hydrocarbons in the pores of rocks. Digital Rock Physics (DRP) is a digital image-based method as an alternative method to find the physical quantities of rock samples to make it more effective and efficient. This study aims to identify the physical quantity using the method of porosity of the DRP until obtaining porosity of rock core carbonate reservoir by analyzing the binary image of the two rock cores from the same reservoir but has different dimensions to find out the exact core rocks to analyze the value of porosity. Binary image obtained from a scanned image of a projection of rock that has been reconstructed to become the greyscale image and have gone through the process of thresholding. The results of this study showed that the method can identify the physical quantities of DRP porosity and non-damaging rock pore structure (non-destructive). Analysis of the porosity of the rock core with histogram variations performed (by adjustingting the histogram), using the otsu method of thresholding and pixel size of the image has high (5.343750 μm) used to analyze the value of porosity. The porosity values acquired for 18.040 and has precision 96.20%.

scholarly journals Digital Rock Samples Porosity Analysis by OTSU Thresholding Technique Using MATLAB

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Yahya Jirjees Tawfeeq ◽  
Jalal A. Al-Sudani
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
Digital Rock

Porosity plays an essential role in petroleum engineering. It controls fluid storage in aquifers, connectivity of the pore structure control fluid flow through reservoir formations. To quantify the relationships between porosity, storage, transport and rock properties, however, the pore structure must be measured and quantitatively described. Porosity estimation of digital image utilizing image processing essential for the reservoir rock analysis since the sample 2D porosity briefly described. The regular procedure utilizes the binarization process, which uses the pixel value threshold to convert the color and grayscale images to binary images. The idea is to accommodate the blue regions entirely with pores and transform it to white in resulting binary image. This paper presents the possibilities of using image processing for determining digital 2D rock samples porosity in carbonate reservoir rocks. MATLAB code created which automatically segment and determine the digital rock porosity, based on the OTSU's thresholding algorithm. In this work, twenty-two samples of 2D thin section petrographic image reservoir rocks of one Iraqi oil field are studied. The examples of thin section images are processed and digitized, utilizing MATLAB programming. In the present study, we have focused on determining of micro and macroporosity of the digital image. Also, some pore void characteristics, such as area and perimeter, were calculated. Digital 2D image analysis results are compared to laboratory core investigation results to determine the strength and restrictions of the digital image interpretation techniques. Thin microscopic image porosity determined using OTSU technique showed a moderate match with core porosity.

scholarly journals Variable secondary porosity modeling of carbonate rocks based on μ-CT images

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 617-626
Author(s):  
Xin Nie ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Chenchen Wang ◽  
Shichang Nie ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rock Physics ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
Secondary Porosity ◽  
Digital Rock Physics ◽  
Digital Rock ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Physical Simulations

Abstract As an essential carbonate reservoir parameter, porosity is closely related to rock properties. Digital rock physics (DRP) technology can help us to build forward models and find out the relationship between porosity and physical properties. In order to prepare models for the rock physical simulations of carbonate rocks, digital rock models with different porosities and fractures are needed. Based on a three-dimensional carbonate digital rock image obtained by X-ray microtomography (μ-CT), we used erosion and dilation in mathematical morphology to modify the pores, and fractional Brownian motion model (FBM) to create fractures with different width and angles. The pores become larger after the erosion operation and become smaller after the dilation operation. Therefore, a series of models with different porosities are obtained. From the analysis of the rock models, we found out that the erosion operation is similar to the corrosion process in carbonate rocks. The dilation operation can be used to restore the matrix of the late stages. In both processes, the pore numbers decrease because of the pore surface area decreases. The porosity-permeability relation of the models is a power exponential function similar to the experimental results. The structuring element B’s radius can affect the operation results. The FBM fracturing method has been proved reliable in sandstones, and because it is based on mathematics, the usage of it can also be workable in carbonate rocks. We can also use the processes and workflows introduced in this paper in carbonate digital rocks reconstructed in other ways. The models we built in this research lay the foundation of the next step physical simulations.

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