Evaluation of oxidative stress and genotoxicity in organophosphorus insecticide formulators

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Shadnia ◽  
Ebrahim Azizi ◽  
Rohollah Hosseini ◽  
Samideh Khoei ◽  
Shamileh Fouladdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxicity and oxidative stress in workers who formulate organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. In this survey, blood leukocytes and erythrocytes of a group of 21 pesticide formulating workers and an equal number of control subjects were examined for genotoxicity and oxidative stress parameters. The mean comet tail length and mean comet length were used to measure DNA damage. Lipid peroxidation level, catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities in erythrocytes were analysed as biomarkers of oxidative stress. In addition, the acetylcholinesterase activity was measured as a biomarker of toxicity. The average duration of employment of workers in the factory was 97 months. Results indicated that chronic exposure (multiple5dose, greater than or equal to 6 months duration) to OP pesticides was associated with increased activities of catalase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes. The level of lipid peroxidation and acetylcholinesterase activity did not show any significant differences between the two groups. The results also indicated that chronic exposure to OP pesticides was associated with increased DNA damage. It is concluded that human chronic exposure to OP pesticides may result in stimulated antioxidant enzymes and increased DNA damage in the absence of depressed acetylcholinesterase levels. Routine genotoxicity monitoring concomitant to acetylcholinesterase activity in workers occupationally exposed to OP insecticides is suggested.

Effects of occupational exposure to aluminium on some oxidative stress and DNA damage parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 901-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Samir ◽  
LA Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Aluminium Level ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Serum Aluminium

Aim: The aim of this work was to investigate the relationships between aluminium levels, oxidative status and DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to aluminium. Subjects and methods: This study was conducted in a secondary aluminium smelter. It included 96 male workers occupationally exposed to aluminium fume and dust compared to 96 male nonexposed individuals. Full history and clinical examination were done for all participants. Laboratory investigations in the form of serum aluminium, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and comet assay test were performed. Results: Serum aluminium level ranged from 4 to 30 µg/L of median: 10 µg/L; urinary 8-OHdG ranged from 2.7 to 17.2 ng/mg creatinine of median: 7.6 ng/mg creatinine; comet tail length (CTL) ranged from 19.7 to 50.5 µm of median: 45 µm, were statistically significantly increased in the exposed group compared to nonexposed group. In exposed workers, a statistically significant positive correlations were found between serum aluminium level and urinary 8-OHdG ( r = 0.75, p < 0.001); aluminium level and CTL ( r = 0.71, p < 0.001); and urinary 8-OHdG and CTL ( r = 0.71, p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between serum aluminium and TAC ( r = −0.76, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Occupational exposure to aluminium in secondary aluminium smelters was related to the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage. This may promote the development of adverse health hazards in the exposed workers

scholarly journals Assessment of DNA damage and oxidative stress among traffic conductors and coal miners

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Muhammad Jawad ◽  
Aatik Arsh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mine Workers

Objective: To assess the DNA damage and oxidative stress among traffic conductors and coal miners. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted in Karak, Pakistan from March to October 2019. A total of 240 individuals participated in the study with an age range between 17 to 55 years. Among the total sample, 60 participants had exposure to traffic pollution while 60 were mine workers. Two control groups, consisting of 60 individuals each, were also recruited for comparison with the two exposure groups. Comet assay protocols were performed for assessing DNA damage and oxidative stress (length of DNA tail, levels of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH)). Data was analyzed using T-test on statistix 9.0 software. Results: The DNA tail length in traffic conductors ranged from 26.83-30.55µm (Mean=28.69 µm while their control group had DNA tail length of 7.98-9.26µm (Mean= 8.62). There was significant difference (P <0.001) between exposure and control group. The DNA length recorded in coal mine workers and their control group was ranged from 29.06-31.26µm (Mean=30.16µm) and 9.42-10.22µm (Mean=9.82), respectively. There was significant difference (P <0.001) between the two groups. As compared to control groups, both exposure groups have high levels of Superoxide Dismutase and Malondialdehyde and low levels of Glutathione. The finding was statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion: Increased inhalational exposure to air pollutants via working in traffic or coal mines can impose higher oxidative stress and DNA damage among workers as compared to the general population. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.2848 How to cite this:Ullah I, Zahid M, Jawad M, Arsh A. Assessment of DNA damage and oxidative stress among traffic conductors and coal miners. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.2848 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Genotoxic and oxidative stress potential of nanosized and bulk zinc oxide particles in Drosophila melanogaster

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1987-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erico R Carmona ◽  
Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau ◽  
Laura Rubio ◽  
Ricard Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Spot Test ◽  
Genotoxic Activity ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) are manufactured on a large scale and can be found in a variety of consumer products, such as sunscreens, lotions, paints and food additives. Few studies have been carried out on its genotoxic potential and related mechanisms in whole organisms. In the present study, the in vivo genotoxic activity of ZnONP and its bulk form was assayed using the wing-spot test and comet assay in Drosophila melanogaster. Additionally, a lipid peroxidation analysis using the thiobarbituric acid assay was also performed. Results obtained with the wing-spot test showed a lack of genotoxic activity of both ZnO forms. However, when both particle sizes were tested in the comet assay using larvae haemocytes, a significant increase in DNA damage was observed for ZnONP treatments but only at the higher dose applied. In addition, the lipid peroxidation assay showed significant malondialdehyde (MDA) induction for both ZnO forms, but the induction of MDA for ZnONP was higher for the ZnO bulk, suggesting that the observed DNA strand breaks could be induced by mediated oxidative stress. The overall data suggest that the potential genotoxicity of ZnONP in Drosophila can be considered weak according to the lack of mutagenic and recombinogenic effects and the induction of primary DNA damage only at high toxic doses of ZnONP. This study is the first assessing the genotoxic and oxidative stress potential of nano and bulk ZnO particles in Drosophila.

Oxidative DNA damage and oxidative stress in subjects occupationally exposed to nitrous oxide (N2O)

2012 ◽  
Vol 731 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Wrońska-Nofer ◽  
Jerzy-Roch Nofer ◽  
Jolanta Jajte ◽  
Elżbieta Dziubałtowska ◽  
Wiesław Szymczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activity in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia: association with oxidative stress and lipid status biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itana Gomes Alves Andrade ◽  
Fabíola Isabel Suano-Souza ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ◽  
Carolina Sanchez Aranda Lago ◽  
Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Lipid Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Introduction Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T) is a multi-system disorder that may be associated with endocrine changes, oxidative stress in addition to inflammation. Studies suggest that selenium is a trace element related to protection against damage caused by oxidative stress. Objective To describe the plasma levels of selenium and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity in A-T patients and to relate them to oxidative stress and lipid status biomarkers. Methods This is a cross-sectional and controlled study evaluating 22 A-T patients (age median, 12.2 years old) matched by gender and age with 18 healthy controls. We evaluated: nutritional status, food intake, plasma selenium levels, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity, lipid status, inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. Results Adequate levels of selenium were observed in 24/36 (66.7%) in this evaluated population. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in selenium levels [47.6 μg/L (43.2–57.0) vs 54.6 (45.2–62.6) μg/dL, p = 0.242]. Nine of A-T patients (41%) had selenium levels below the reference value. The A-T group presented higher levels of LDL-c, non-HDL-c, oxidized LDL, Apo B, Apo-B/Apo-A-I1, LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, malondialdehyde [3.8 µg/L vs 2.8 µg/L, p = 0.029] and lower Apo-A-I1/HDL-c and glutathione peroxidase activity [7300 U/L vs 8686 U/L, p = 0.005]. Selenium levels were influenced, in both groups, independently, by the concentrations of oxidized LDL, malonaldehyde and non-HDL-c. The oxidized LDL (AUC = 0.849) and ALT (AUC = 0.854) were the variables that showed the greatest discriminatory power between groups. Conclusion In conclusion, we observed the presence of selenium below the reference value in nearly 40% and low GPx activity in A-T patients. There was a significant, inverse and independent association between selenium concentrations and oxidative stress biomarkers. Those data reinforce the importance of assessing the nutritional status of selenium in those patients.

Styrax camporum, a typical species of the Brazilian cerrado, attenuates DNA damage, preneoplastic lesions and oxidative stress in experimental rat colon carcinogenesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Pollyanna Francielli De Oliveira ◽  
Luis Fernando Leandro ◽  
Ricardo Andrade Furtado ◽  
Natália Helen Ferreira ◽  
Patrícia Mendonça Pauletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Typical Species ◽  
And Oxidative Stress
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