scholarly journals Review of smoking cessation treatments for people with mental illness

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Campion ◽  
Ken Checinski ◽  
Jo Nurse
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
People With Mental Illness

This article reviews the current literature regarding treatments for smoking cessation in both the general population and in those with mental health problems. The gold-standard treatment for the general population is pharmacotherapy (nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion or varenicline) coupled with individual or group psychological support. This is also effective in helping people with mental illness to reduce or quit smoking, but care must be taken to avoid adverse medication interactions and to monitor antipsychotic medication in particular as cigarette consumption reduces.

scholarly journals Attitudes surrounding the disclosure of mental illness

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S288-S289
Author(s):  
Brishti Sengupta ◽  
Pritha Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Attitude Shift

AimsTo survey the effect of COVID-19 on mental health of both medical professionals and the general population, as well as attitudes surrounding the disclosure of mental illness.MethodAn online survey comprised of two questionnaires, one for medical professionals and one for the general population, were conducted via social media. Both questionnaires asked respondents of the effect of COVID-19 on their mental health, and the former asked respondents about the effect of COVID-19 on their patient group's mental health. The questionnaires went on to ask respondents about their attitudes to mental health disclosure in various scenarios, to varying groups of people. The general population group was also asked how they would react if someone else disclosed their mental illness to them.ResultThe questionnaire for the medical professionals gained 62 respondents and the one for the general population had 122 respondents, with responses from multiple nations. Overall, COVID-19 has affected everyone's mental health to a degree, and all groups had reservations about disclosing their mental health issues to others. The medical professionals were especially reluctant to disclose mental illness to their patients, but were more comfortable when it came to disclosing mental illness to colleagues. The general population, however, was much more reluctant to disclose mental health issues to their colleagues. The general population were, on the whole, willing to listen to and help anyone who came to them with mental health concerns. Both groups surveyed showed reluctance toward disclosure to the wider community.ConclusionCOVID-19 appears to significantly affect not only physical health, but mental health as well. There is at least some degree of stigma surrounding the disclosure of mental health issues. While most would be happy to help anyone who came to them with their mental health problems, there seems to be an attitude shift when people must contend with mental health issues of their own.

The development and results of the European Mental Health Integration Index (2014)

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Peter John Huxley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Community Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Integration

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on the development and results of the Mental Health Inclusion Index. Design/methodology/approach – Data gathering and interviews with key policy makers in 30 countries in Europe (the EU28 plus Switzerland and Norway). Data gathered enabled the production of an 18 indicator benchmarking index ranking the 30 countries based on their commitment to integrating people with mental illness. Findings – The main findings were: mental illness exacts a substantial human and economic toll on Europe, and there is a substantial treatment gap, especially for people with common mental health problems. Germany’s generous social provision and strong healthcare system put it number one in the Mental Health Integration Index. The UK and Scandinavian states come next. The lowest-scoring countries in the index are from Europe’s south-east, where there is a long history of neglect of mental illness and poorly developed community services. One needs to understand that the leading countries are not the only ones providing examples of best practice in integrating those with mental illness. Employment is the field of greatest concern for people with mental illness, but employment is also the area with the most inconsistent policies across Europe. A distinction can be made between countries whose policies are aspirational and those where implantation is support by substantial and most importantly sustained, resource investment. Europe as a whole is only in the early stages of the journey from institution- to community-based care. Lack of data makes greater understanding of this field difficult, and improvement can only be demonstrated by repeated surveys of this kind, based on more substantial, comprehensive and coherent information. Research limitations/implications – Usual caveats about the use of surveys. Missing data due to non-response and poverty of mental health inclusion data in many European countries. Practical implications – The author reflects on the findings and considers areas for future action. The main implications are: better services result from substantial, but most importantly, sustained investment; and that employment is most important to people with mental health problems, but is one of the most inconsistent policy areas across Europe. Social implications – Supports the need for consistent investment in community mental health services and more consistent employment policies in Europe. Originality/value – This survey is the first of its kind in Europe, and was conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit in London, and sponsored by Janssen.

scholarly journals Social Representations and Anthropo-Cultural Aspects of Mental Health in French Polynesia in the Survey "Mental Health in the General Population: Images and Realities".

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane AMADEO ◽  
Imane BENRADIA ◽  
Germaine DAVID ◽  
Moerani REREAO ◽  
Annie TUHEIAVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Physical Organic

Abstract Purpose: Better know social representations and socio-cultural aspects of mental illness (FP) is critical to reduce stigma and improve care and prevention of psychiatric illness. Methods: The Mental Health in General Population Survey (MHGP) was carried out in French Polynesia (FP) in 2015 and 2017, with questionnaires on social representations of the "insane", the "mentally ill", the "depressive" and the various types of help and care. The representative sample of 968 people was built using the quota method. The data were collected in public spaces, anonymously. Results: The origin of mental health problems is considered mainly as physical, organic or hereditary. Addictive behaviours are the cause of mental illness for 1/4 of respondents. According to the Polynesian population, the “insane” or the “mentally ill” are perceived as excluded, irresponsible, unaware of their conditions and difficult to cure. Depressed people are seen as responsible for their actions, aware of their conditions and who can be treated. Conclusion: The results of this survey show stigmatizing representations of the “insane” and the mentally ill” and significant use of traditional care. They have been incorporated into the mental health plan for FP to improve the care and promotion of mental health.

scholarly journals Counseling of Patients with Severe Psychiatric Conditions and Referral to Smoking Cessations Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-166
Author(s):  
Mariwan Husni ◽  
Mazin Burhan ◽  
Mohamed Mazin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Psychiatric Rehabilitation ◽  
Smoking Cessation Program ◽  
Chronic Mental Illness ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clinical Records

Background: Cigarette smoking and Nicotine dependence are highly prevalent in patients with severe and chronic mental illness. Psychiatric patients consume more cigarettes than general population. Smokers with chronic mental illness can quit smoking with appropriate intervention by smoking cessations programs. These patients can benefit from pharmacotherapy, but consideration should be given for possible interaction with patients’ psychiatric medications. Tobacco use and dependence need to be formally documents on electronic medical records and be offered a referral to smoking cessations programs. Method: All patients in a community rehabilitation service ward in Northwest London were interviewed to identify the type, quantity, and duration of their tobacco. Their electronic clinical records were reviewed to confirm their age, ICD 10 Primary Diagnosis, ICD10 Tobacco dependence diagnosis, medications they take, record of ECG tests and presence of cardiopulmonary problems. Then their records were checked if they were given advice regarding their smoking habit, desire to quit smoking and agreement to be referred to a smoking cessation program. Results and Discussion: Half of the total number of patients in the community psychiatric rehabilitation were cigarette smokers. Majority of the smokers had history of polysubstance abuse. Recording of current smoking status were not regularly update. Patients who had recorded status of being a smoker were all referred to a smoking cessation program and majority had counseling by the healthcare professionals in their unit. Attending the smoking cessation program in those patients have as good outcomes as general population. Conclusions: A substantial number of patients in psychiatric rehabilitation units smoke cigarettes. If their smoking status is accurately documented, they would be referred to a formal smoking cessation program.

Depression in the Workplace

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Bogg ◽  
Sarah Green
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Working People ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
Being There

This chapter discusses depression in the workplace from the perspective of employment law. Despite the myth that people with mental illness are unable to work, it is almost certain most working people will be working alongside someone who has experienced mental illness. The idea that mental health at work is a marginal concern is no longer sustainable, and reflects ingrained fears and prejudices about the ‘otherness’ of mental illness. The legal framework regulating employment is important in ensuring that work and employment have a constructive part to play in public health strategies to promote mental health and well-being. There are several avenues of legal protection available to those with mental illness such as depression. This chapter explores three regulatory approaches to depression at work that should be regarded as complementary, each with a distinctive contribution to achieving the so-called ‘inclusive workplace’ for those with mental health problems such as depression: the private law approach, the equality law approach, and the labour standards approach.

Direct referrals from social services to community teams for older people with mental illness

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 164-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Das ◽  
Walter P. Bouman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Referral System ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Referral Criteria ◽  
With Memory

Aims and MethodThe aim of the study was to evaluate the open referral system from social services to a community mental health team (CMHT) for older people. Referral letters from social services to the specialist team were reviewed, as were the case notes.ResultsOf the 40 referrals, 95% (n=38) were accepted by the CMHT. Only 15% (n=6) fulfilled the team's existing referral criteria. The majority of referrals (n=36, 90%) had details of the patient's mental health problems. None of the referrals with memory problems had a cognitive assessment. Of the 38 referrals accepted by the CMHT, 36 were found to be suffering from a mental illness. The open referral system from social services did not increase the total number of annual referrals.Clinical ImplicationsSocial services play an important role in identifying and referring older people with mental illness and ensure a potentially rapid referral route bypassing primary care. The practice of accepting direct referrals from social services should be encouraged and made an integral part of the referral system.

Recall of News Stories About Mental Illness by Australian Youth: Associations with Help-Seeking Attitudes and Stigma

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 866-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy J. Morgan ◽  
Anthony F. Jorm
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
News Story ◽  
Help Seeking Attitudes ◽  
News Stories ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Willingness To Seek Help

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate what news stories about mental illness are recalled by Australian youth and whether these are associated with stigma and help-seeking beliefs. Method: A random sample of 3746 Australian youth aged 12–25 years were interviewed about mental health literacy in 2006. As part of the interview, they were asked whether they could recall any news stories about mental health problems during the past 12 months. Stigma was assessed, as well as willingness to seek help for a mental illness described in a vignette. Common news story themes were entered as predictors of stigma components and willingness to seek help in a series of logistic regressions. Results: Only a minority of youth could recall a news story about mental illness. The most common stories recalled were those involving crime or violence; mental health system failures; or disclosures of mental illness by prominent individuals. Recall of a disclosure by a prominent individual was associated with beliefs that people with mental illness are sick rather than weak, while recall of a story involving crime or violence was associated with greater reluctance to tell anyone about a mental health problem. There were no types of stories that predicted willingness to seek help. Conclusions: There is some evidence that recall of positive or negative news stories is associated with specific components of stigma. Overall, however, recall of news stories about mental illness added little explanatory power to differences in stigma or help-seeking intentions.

scholarly journals Knowledge of and attitudes to major depressive disorder and its treatment in a sample of the general population in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Ivona Milacic-Vidojevic ◽  
Marija Colic ◽  
Branka Draskovic
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
General Population ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
People With Mental Illness

Introduction/Objective. The objective of this paper was to examine the mental health literacy of the general population in Serbia and their attitudes towards persons with a mental illness. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study with structured interview using the vignette of a person with major depressive disorder (MDD). The attitudes towards people with mental illness were assessed by the Department of Health Attitudes to Mental Illness Questionnaire. A convenient sample consisted of 504 participants. Results. A total of 72% of the sample recognized the presence of some sort of mental health problem, of which 40.9% correctly labeled the symptoms as MDD. The majority of participants believed that MDD was caused more by stress than by biological factors. A psychologist, a close friend, and a psychiatrist were often rated as helpful for the person described by the vignette. Vitamins and healing herbs were rated as the most helpful remedy. Antidepressants were considered both helpful and harmful. The attitudes towards people with mental illness were moderately positive. Conclusion. Mental health literacy in Serbia is moderate. Risk factors for negative attitudes included older age and lower education.

scholarly journals Predictors of help-seeking behaviour in people with mental health problems: a 3-year prospective community study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin M. Doll ◽  
Chantal Michel ◽  
Marlene Rosen ◽  
Naweed Osman ◽  
Benno G. Schimmelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Community Study ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Anticipated Stigma

Abstract Background The majority of people with mental illness do not seek help at all or only with significant delay. To reduce help-seeking barriers for people with mental illness, it is therefore important to understand factors predicting help-seeking. Thus, we prospectively examined potential predictors of help-seeking behaviour among people with mental health problems (N = 307) over 3 years. Methods Of the participants of a 3-year follow-up of a larger community study (response rate: 66.4%), data of 307 (56.6%) persons with any mental health problems (age-at-baseline: 16–40 years) entered a structural equation model of the influence of help-seeking, stigma, help-seeking attitudes, functional impairments, age and sex at baseline on subsequent help-seeking for mental health problems. Results Functional impairment at baseline was the strongest predictor of follow-up help-seeking in the model. Help-seeking at baseline was the second-strongest predictor of subsequent help-seeking, which was less likely when help-seeking for mental health problems was assumed to be embarrassing. Personal and perceived stigma, and help-seeking intentions had no direct effect on help-seeking. Conclusions With only 22.5% of persons with mental health problems seeking any help for these, there was a clear treatment gap. Functional deficits were the strongest mediator of help-seeking, indicating that help is only sought when mental health problems have become more severe. Earlier help-seeking seemed to be mostly impeded by anticipated stigma towards help-seeking for mental health problems. Thus, factors or beliefs conveying such anticipated stigma should be studied longitudinally in more detail to be able to establish low-threshold services in future.

Public knowledge, attitudes and behaviour regarding people with mental illness in England 2009-2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 202 (s55) ◽  
pp. s51-s57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Evans-Lacko ◽  
Claire Henderson ◽  
Graham Thornicroft
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
English Population ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Intended Behaviour

BackgroundPublic stigma against people with mental health problems is damaging to individuals with mental illness and is associated with substantial societal burden.AimsTo investigate whether public knowledge, attitudes and behaviour in relation to people with mental health problems have improved among the English population since the inception of the Time To Change programme in 2009.MethodWe analysed longitudinal trends in public knowledge, attitudes and behaviour between 2009 and 2012 among a nationally representative sample of English adults.ResultsThere were improvements in intended behaviour (0.07 standard deviation units, 95% CI 0.01-0.14) and a nonsignificant trend for improvement in attitudes (P=0.08) among the English population. There was, however, no significant improvement in knowledge or reported behaviour.ConclusionsThe findings provide support for effectiveness of the national Time to Change programme against stigma and discrimination in improving attitudes and intended behaviour, but not knowledge, among the public in England.

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