Social Treatment of Chronic Schizophrenia: a Comparative Survey of Three Mental Hospitals

1961 ◽  
Vol 107 (450) ◽  
pp. 847-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Wing ◽  
G. W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Social Treatment ◽  
Comparative Survey

One of the fundamental concerns of social psychiatrists is to determine whether social events can influence the onset and the course of a particular mental illness and, if so, in what ways. The problems involved are formidable. In schizophrenia, for example, it is necessary to have reliable means of measuring the manifestations and progress of the disease, as well as adequate methods for assessing social events. However, if these difficulties can be satisfactorily overcome, there is a way in which a preliminary experiment can be made.

scholarly journals Lay Beliefs about Treatments for People with Mental Illness and Their Implications for Antistigma Strategies

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 745-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Lauber ◽  
Nordt Carlos ◽  
Rössler Wulf
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Social Treatment ◽  
Nonmedical Treatment

Objective: First, to describe factors influencing the public's attitude toward treatment recommendations for people with mental illness; second, to identify coherent belief systems about the helpfulness of specific interventions; and third, to discuss how to ameliorate mental health literacy and antistigma strategies. Method: Participants of a representative telephone survey in the general population ( n = 1737) were presented with a vignette depicting a person with either schizophrenia or depression. From a list of suggestions, they were asked to recommend treatments for this person. We used a factor analysis to group these proposals and used the factors as the dependent variables in a multiple regression analysis. Results: Treatment suggestions are summarized in 4 groups, each characterizing a specific therapeutic approach: 1) psychopharmacological proposals (that is, psychotropic drugs), 2) therapeutic counselling (from a psychologist or psychiatrist or psychotherapy), 3) alternative suggestions (such as homeopathy), and 4) social advice (for example, from a social worker). Medical treatments were proposed by people who had a higher education, who had a positive attitude toward psychopharmacology, who correctly recognized the person depicted in the vignette as being ill, who were presented with the schizophrenia vignette, who kept social distance, and who had contact with mentally ill people. The variables could explain alternative and social treatment proposals only to a small extent. Conclusions: The public's beliefs about treatment for people with mental illness are organized into 4 coherent systems, 2 of which involve evidence-based treatments. Medical treatment proposals are influenced by adequate mental health literacy; however, they are also linked to more social distance toward people with mental illness. Additionally, efforts to better explain nonmedical treatment suggestions are needed. Implications for further antistigma strategies are discussed.

Prolonged High Dosage Ataractic Medication in Chronic Schizophrenia

1964 ◽  
Vol 110 (464) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rosati
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
Near Future

Ataractic drugs have been the mainstay of treatment in schizophrenia for the last eight years. Since their introduction, mental hospitals, in various areas of the United States and in every country, have been able to discharge more patients than they admit. Despite this fact there remains much divergent opinion about the value of these drugs, doubt arising from inconsistent therapeutic results and the relapse rate. Also, some double-blind studies have cast some doubt upon the efficiency of these drugs. We are reporting this relatively small study because we feel that it opens an insight and possibly suggests a method of standardizing treatment in the near future.

Rumination, Depressive Symptoms and Awareness of Illness in Schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Thomas ◽  
Darryl Ribaux ◽  
Lisa J. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Background: Depressive symptoms are common in schizophrenia. Previous studies have observed that depressive symptoms are associated with both insight and negative appraisals of illness, suggesting that the way in which the person thinks about their illness may influence the occurrence of depressive responses. In affective disorders, one of the most well-established cognitive processes associated with depressive symptoms is rumination, a pattern of perseverative, self-focused negative thinking. Aims: This study examined whether rumination focused on mental illness was predictive of depressive symptoms during the subacute phase of schizophrenia. Method: Forty participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and in a stable phase of illness completed measures of rumination, depressive symptoms, awareness of illness, and positive and negative symptoms. Results: Depressive symptoms were correlated with rumination, including when controlling for positive and negative symptoms. The content of rumination frequently focused on mental illness and its causes and consequences, in particular social disability and disadvantage. Depressive symptoms were predicted by awareness of the social consequences of mental illness, an effect that was mediated by rumination. Conclusions: Results suggest that a process of perseveratively dwelling upon mental illness and its social consequences may be a factor contributing to depressive symptoms in people with chronic schizophrenia.

The Community's Tolerance of the Mentally Ill

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian F. Brockington ◽  
Peter Hall ◽  
Jenny Levings ◽  
Christopher Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Main Components

A survey of attitudes to mental illness was conducted in a quota sample of about 2000 subjects in Malvern and Bromsgrove. Factor analysis showed three main components – benevolence, authoritarianism, and fear of the mentally ill. Residents of Bromsgrove, which is served by a traditional mental hospital, were slightly more tolerant than those living in Malvern, which has a community-based service, and has seen the closure of two mental hospitals in its vicinity during the last 10 years. The main demographic determinants of tolerance are age, education, occupation, and acquaintance with the mentally ill.

Mental Disorder in Rural Ghana

1958 ◽  
Vol 104 (437) ◽  
pp. 1043-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Field
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Full Detail ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Rural Ghana ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Field Worker

This paper summarizes the main findings of two years' ethno-psychiatric field-work carried out in N.W. Ashanti throughout 1956 and 1957, and later to be published in full detail.The picture surrounding the rural field-worker is essentially different from that seen by psychiatrists in mental hospitals. In rural districts only homicidal patients are ever referred to a mental hospital, and then only from the police-magistrate's court. All other mental illness is regarded as super-naturally determined and hence outside the province of European medicine.

scholarly journals Can we rehabilitate everyone?

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Atkin ◽  
Philip Meats ◽  
Caroline Sincock
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Chronic Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
Made In

There is an increasing momentum for the provision of care for people with chronic mental illness to be made in settings other than mental hospitals. One concern arising from this shift in emphasis is with those patients who may find it particularly difficult to live in the community.

Mental Hospitals and the Carceral State

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-43
Author(s):  
Anne E. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Concentration Camp ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Conscientious Objectors ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Reforms ◽  
National Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Foundation

This chapter explores how in the 1940s, mental hospitals comprised land, buildings, and workforces used by the states to feed and house hundreds of thousands of people. Conscientious objectors who did service work at mental hospitals in lieu of military conscription founded the National Mental Health Foundation. They also collaborated with journalists to craft exposés about concentration camp–like conditions in hospitals. The author and former patient Mary Jane Ward published her book The Snake Pit, in which she argued against the loss of freedom that people with mental illness experienced. Policy makers responded to this anti-institutionalism by implementing mental health reforms that made hospitals larger and more therapeutic, and kept involuntary commitments intact. These initiatives made up the early stages of deinstitutionalization.

A Comparative Controlled Trial of Methotrimeprazine (“Veractil”) in Chronic Schizophrenia

1960 ◽  
Vol 106 (442) ◽  
pp. 160-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. G. Quinn ◽  
J. Johnston ◽  
G. Latner ◽  
L. G. Kiloh
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Effective Drugs

Despite the good results reported in recent years in many cases of chronic schizophrenia following the use of tranquillizing drugs, there remains in mental hospitals a group of chronic and often deteriorated patients who have shown a strong resistance to all forms of treatment. In many such cases disturbances of behaviour are modified and sometimes controlled by such drugs as chlorpromazine and reserpine. Nevertheless, the overall situation is far from satisfactory and the search for more effective drugs continues.

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