The use of Lithium Salts in Affective Disorders

1963 ◽  
Vol 109 (463) ◽  
pp. 810-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Hartigan
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Practice ◽  
Lithium Salts ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Manic Patients

Since the original observations in Australia by Cade (1949) and Noack and Trautner (1951) on the use of lithium salts in psychiatric practice there has been a modest but steady stream of publications on the subject. The most persistent investigator has been Schou in Denmark (1954, 1955, 1956, 1959), who, with his colleagues, has been able to present a series of manic patients, observed over a sufficient period of time and subjected to controlled conditions, in which the clinical value of the drug has been convincingly demonstrated. Other important series have been reported by Teuliéet al.(1955), Rice (1956), Adreaniet al.(1958), Kingstone (1960), and Gershon and Yuwiller (1960).

Psychoanalysis and the Treatment of the Psychoses

1971 ◽  
Vol 119 (548) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Freeman
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Psychiatric Practice ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Analytical Treatment ◽  
Classical Form ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way

Psychoanalysis is not regarded as having a significant part to play in the treatment of the psychoses. This view has been strengthened by the ease with which the phenothiazine and other drugs may bring many psychotic symptoms under control. Nevertheless, there are psychiatrists who believe that psychoanalysis, in its classical form or suitably modified, can benefit patients suffering from psychoses. The issues which have been raised by these claims are still the subject of controversy among psychiatrists and psychoanalysts. This paper is not concerned with details of the different kinds of analytical treatment which may be recommended for patients. Such an account would be inappropriate in the circumstances of current psychiatric practice in the United Kingdom. Instead attention will be focused on the way in which psychoanalysis can be integrated into therapeutic regimes presently employed in mental hospitals.

Methodological Problems of Prophylactic Trials in Recurrent Affective Disorders

1970 ◽  
Vol 116 (535) ◽  
pp. 599-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Grof ◽  
M. Schou ◽  
J. Angst ◽  
P. C. Baastrup ◽  
P. Weis
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
The Subject

During the past year the question of lithium prophylaxis has been the subject of lively debate (Blackwell and Shepherd, 1968; Hullin et al., 1968; Houghton, 1968; Baastrup and Schou, 1968a; Lader, 1968; Sargant, 1968; Saran, 1968; Baastrup and Schou, 1968b; Melia, 1968; Fieve and Platman, 1968; Cole, 1968; Kline, 1968; Kerry, 1968; Editorial, 1968; Berlyne, 1968; Silverman, 1968; Laurell and Ottosson, 1968; Lancet Editorial, 1969; Whybrow, 1969; Melia, 1969; Angst et al., 1969c). This discussion has revealed considerable uncertainty about the design and assessment of prophylactic trials, and there have been misunderstandings on important points.

Further Report on Prophylactic Lithium in Recurrent Affective Disorders

1975 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Hullin ◽  
R. McDonald ◽  
M. N. E. Allsopp
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Lithium Salts ◽  
Prophylactic Effect ◽  
Current Position

Evidence continues to accumulate for the proposition that lithium salts have a marked prophylactic effect on recurrent affective disorders. An earlier paper (1), together with reports from Baastrup et al. (2) and Coppen et al. (3) indicate that this effect is a strong one. This paper reports the current position regarding a trial in one centre which has been in progress for eight years, in which the effect of lithium was investigated on the frequency of admission to and time spent in psychiatric hospitals.

scholarly journals Patent applications and neurotic concerns: further explorations in the Patent Office

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
David V. James ◽  
Paul L. Gilluley
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Conventional Medicine ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Psychiatric Practice ◽  
Patent Office ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
The Times

It is a commonplace of clinical practice that those with obsessional disorder, or with obsessional features to a psychotic illness, often develop concerns about cleanliness and contamination, some with a focus on everyday bodily processes. In a search of the Patent Office for psychotic ideas (James & Gilluley, 1997), it became apparent that patents reflecting concern about bodily functions were strongly represented in the patent collection. These stood out from patents concerning innovation in conventional medicine or medical appliances, and some of them had the flavour of the more bizarre ideas on the subject put forward by patients in our psychiatric practice. It was decided to explore the collection of the Patent Office further, with a view to surveying the range of such patents and examining their relation to the times in which they originated. The procedure used was the same as in our previous article.

Socio-Cultural Parameters in Yoruba Nigerian Patients with Affective Disorders

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger O. A. Makanjuola
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Manic Disorder ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Manic Patients

One hundred and ten consecutive new patients presenting with major affective disorders were divided into five categories according to pattern of presentation: recurrent manic disorder, recurrent depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, single episodes of manic disorder, and single episodes of major depressive disorder. Manic patients predominated, and recurrent manic disorder was much more frequent than either recurrent depressive or bipolar disorder. The manic and bipolar patients were younger. Females predominanted in all five groups of patients. The two manic groups were less likely to be married, but this was probably a reflection of their younger age. No differences were demonstrated with regard to educational status or occupation. There were no significant differences with regard to sibship position, family size, or polygamous/monogamous parents. Manic patients were more likely to have suffered permanent separation from one or both parents before the age of 12 years. A relatively low proportion of the patients had a positive history of mental disorder among first- or second-degree relatives. Manic and bipolar patients tended to present in hospital relatively early in their illness.

The Relationship between Premature Death and Affective Disorders

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (528) ◽  
pp. 1277-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Kerr ◽  
Kurt Schapira ◽  
Martin Roth
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Practice Survey ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Involutional Melancholia ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between mental illness and physical disease in elderly patients has been the subject of a number of studies, notably those by Kay and Roth (1955) and Roth and Kay (1956). Stenstedt (1952, 1959) reported a high mortality rate among patients with manic-depressive psychosis and involutional melancholia, which he attributed to ‘the high frequency of suicide and to the fact that several patients had died in a mental hospital’. In a survey of elderly people living in the community, Kay and Bergmann (1966) demonstrated a relationship between physical illness and diminished life expectancy on the one hand and functional psychiatric disorders on the other. Shepherd et al. (1964), in a general practice survey in London, found a 'strongly marked association between psychiatric disorder and chronic organic illness'.

Effects of Lithium Salts on Memory

1977 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kusumo ◽  
M. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Lithium Salts ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Psychiatric Status ◽  
Drug Free

Thirteen patients diagnosed as having affective disorders, and who were taking lithium, were compared with drug-free controls on short-term and long-term memory tasks. There was some indication that patients on lithium may show an impairment of short-term memory at fifteen-second delay intervals, and possibly enhanced long-term recall of difficult material. Further comparison with results obtained from six patients on tricyclic antidepressants seemed to reduce the possibility that the lithium group's scores were a function of their psychiatric status.As the group sizes were small, all the findings need to be replicated.

The Relationship between Agoraphobia and Primary Affective Disorders

1979 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Bowen ◽  
J. Kohout
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Practice ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Primary Affective Disorders ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
The Relationship

Detailed clinical records were kept on a series of 55 agoraphobic patients who presented to a general hospital psychiatric practice over a 3 year period. A review of the records revealed that 91% of these patients were diagnosed as suffering from a unipolar or bipolar primary affective disorder. The anxiety and phobic symptoms tended to mask the presence of the affective disorder. This observation is consistent with most of the published data on the agoraphobic syndrome. It could also explain the inconsistent effects of treatment of agoraphobia compared with simple phobias. The possible biological and psychological connections between primary affective disorders and the agoraphobic syndrome are discussed.

scholarly journals Characteristics of patients in a psychiatric follow-up clinic

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Shah ◽  
S. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Community Psychiatry ◽  
Psychiatric Practice ◽  
The Subject

Out-patient clinics are widely used to asssess and treat patients. In psychiatric practice, out-patient clinics are used both to assess new referrals and follow up existing patients. More than three-quarters of psychiatric out-patient attendances are for follow-up (DHSS, 1984). With modern emphasis on community psychiatry, the role of out-patient clinics may become less prominent and more refined. Very little appears to have been published on the subject of psychiatric follow-up clinics.

scholarly journals Disciplinary Power and the Role of the Subject at a Nineteenth-Century Danish Asylum

PhaenEx ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
BJØRN HAMRE
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Self ◽  
Psychiatric Practice ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Pastoral Power ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
The Way

This article reports on the ways in which psychiatric practice and power were constituted in a Danish asylum at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The point of departure will be a complaint by a former patient questioning the practice at the asylum in 1829. In an analysis of this narrative the study draws upon Foucauldian concepts like disciplinary power, confession, pastoral power and subjectivation. I will argue that the critique of the patient provides us with an example of the way that disciplinary power works in the case of an informal indictment of the methods and practice at an asylum. A key issue is whether the critique is not itself a part of the self-legitimation of disciplinary power.

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