Anthropology and Psychiatry

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Kleinman
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Standard Format ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

To illustrate the contribution anthropology can make to cross-cultural and international research in psychiatry, four questions have been put to the cross-cultural research literature and discussed from an anthropological point of view: ‘To what extent do psychiatric disorders differ in different societies?’ ‘Does the tacit model of pathogenicity/pathoplasticity exaggerate the biological aspects of cross-cultural findings and blur their cultural dimensions?’ ‘What is the place of translation in cross-cultural studies?’ and ‘Does the standard format for conducting cross-cultural studies in psychiatry create a category fallacy?’ Anthropology contributes to each of these concerns an insistence that the problem of cross-cultural validity be given the same attention as the question of reliability, that the concept of culture be operationalised as a research variable, and that cultural analysis be applied to psychiatry's own taxonomies and methods rather than just to indigenous illness beliefs of native populations.

The Term “Global” in Cross-Cultural Studies

2014 ◽  
pp. 166-208
Author(s):  
Bice Della Piana ◽  
Mario Monteleone
Keyword(s):  
Computational Linguistic ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Cultural Management ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Globalization in its broadest sense is part of the strongest external environmental forces that affect organisations today (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2011). Despite the “slogan” that globalization is likely to produce homogeneity in various cultures, different civilizations of the world will reassert themselves to preserve their cultural heritages. This means it is necessary to consider the dynamics of the continued interplay between various trends in world cultures and the process of globalization. Moving from these considerations, cross-cultural management research seems to be the natural framework for using the term globalization. Cross-cultural research has received considerable attention by management scholars. The purpose of this study is to understand the connotation of the term “global” used in the context of cross-cultural studies and the enrichment of his meaning in the last four decades. To achieve it, the authors use a computational linguistic tool, namely an automatic textual analysis software, by means of which they locate and extract specific linguistic expressions. This allows retrieval and location of a series of concepts that denote and connote the term “global” over the last four decades.

scholarly journals Methodological difficulty of cross-cultural studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Stehnii
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Methodological Difficulty ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural Analysis

This article reviews the main methodological complexities, that come out from carrying out comparative sociological researches of modern societies, the specificity and meaning of cross-cultural analysis.

The Term “Global” in Cross-Cultural Studies

2014 ◽  
pp. 1288-1329
Author(s):  
Bice Della Piana ◽  
Mario Monteleone
Keyword(s):  
Computational Linguistic ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Cultural Management ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Globalization in its broadest sense is part of the strongest external environmental forces that affect organisations today (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2011). Despite the “slogan” that globalization is likely to produce homogeneity in various cultures, different civilizations of the world will reassert themselves to preserve their cultural heritages. This means it is necessary to consider the dynamics of the continued interplay between various trends in world cultures and the process of globalization. Moving from these considerations, cross-cultural management research seems to be the natural framework for using the term globalization. Cross-cultural research has received considerable attention by management scholars. The purpose of this study is to understand the connotation of the term “global” used in the context of cross-cultural studies and the enrichment of his meaning in the last four decades. To achieve it, the authors use a computational linguistic tool, namely an automatic textual analysis software, by means of which they locate and extract specific linguistic expressions. This allows retrieval and location of a series of concepts that denote and connote the term “global” over the last four decades.

scholarly journals Cultural Dimensions of Psychiatric Diagnosis

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell G. Weiss ◽  
R. Raguram ◽  
S. M. Channabasavanna
Keyword(s):  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
South India ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

BackgroundCross-cultural research to examine the cultural validity of diagnostic categories and underlying concepts requires methods that integrate epidemiological and anthropological frameworks.MethodThe Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–III–R (SCID) were used to study 80 psychiatric out-patients with depressive neurosis at a clinic in south India.ResultsSummarykappa values of 0.75 for the EMIC and 0.68 for the SCID confirmed inter-rater reliability. Comparison of patient explanatory models and SCID diagnoses showed that patients emphasised somatic experience while clinicians emphasised depressive diagnoses. More than half the patients (55%) received a non-specific or dual diagnosis.ConclusionsThese findings raise questions about the distinctiveness of depressive, anxiety, and somatoform (DAS) disorders for this population.

scholarly journals Sino-Russian Intercultural Communication Research: Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Ekaterina D. Vasilyeva ◽  
Nadezhda M. Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Intercultural Interaction ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Chinese Studies ◽  
Chinese Psychology

International relations between China and Russia have a long-lasting history. At the same time interpersonal contacts between these two ethnic groups face difficulties associated with language, cultural distance, prejudices and other factors. This article presents a review of studies on the problem of Russian-Chinese intercultural interaction. Due to its interdisciplinary nature the studies are scattered both methodologically and with respect to its theoretical foundations. In this regard, we conditionally divide the considered works into four main areas: studying the perception of the image of Russia and China among Russians and Chinese, classification of Sino-Russian communication barriers, cross-cultural analysis of communication components, and indigenous concepts of Chinese psychology related to the process of intercultural interaction. A brief review of the modern research results gained by Russian and Chinese authors on effective communication and building trustful relationships is given. The results of studies revealing important differences at the level of verbal and non-verbal communication are presented. Particular attention is paid to cross-cultural research aimed at identifying etic and emic attributes of the situation of intercultural interaction. The most common approaches to understanding the concept of trust and its operationalization in Chinese studies are described. The importance of further studying mechanisms of building trustful relationships between representatives of the two countries is noted. In conclusion, unresolved problems and current trends in the study of intercultural communication are identified.

scholarly journals Videos for eliciting emotions in the laboratory settings: normative data and cross-cultural analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Pankratova ◽  
D.V. Lucin
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Emotion Induction ◽  
Neutral State ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural Analysis

This paper presents results of piloting nine videos eliciting happiness, sadness, and neutral state in Russian and Azerbaijani samples (N = 100, 68 Russians, 32 Azerbaijanis, mean age 20 years, 68 % females and 32 % males) for the use in laboratory experiments, three videos for each emotion. Six videos — two for each emotion — were selected that induced effectively the target emotions in both cultures. Happy videos induced more intense happiness in Azerbaijani participants. No gender differences were found for Azerbaijan, whereas one of sad videos induced more intense sadness in Russian women compared to men. The selected set of videos can be used in the studies with emotion induction in the laboratory settings including cross-cultural studies in Russian and Azerbaijan.

scholarly journals Experimental Philosophy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Kiper ◽  
Stephen Stich ◽  
H. Clark Barrett ◽  
Edouard Machery
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Experimental Philosophy ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Concepts Of Knowledge ◽  
Ongoing Project ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Philosophers have argued that some philosophical concepts are universal, but it is increasingly clear that the question of philosophical universals is far from settled, and that far more cross-cultural research is necessary. In this chapter, we illustrate the relevance of investigating philosophical concepts and describe results from recent cross-cultural studies in experimental philosophy. We focus on the concept of knowledge and outline an ongoing project, the Geography of Philosophy Project, which empirically investigates the concepts of knowledge, understanding, and wisdom across cultures, languages, religions, and socioeconomic groups. We outline questions for future research on philosophical concepts across cultures, with an aim towards resolving questions about universals and variation in philosophical concepts.

scholarly journals Understanding the Terminology for Snack Foods and Their Texture by Consumers in Four Languages: A Qualitative Study

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Edgar Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Food Properties ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

The choice of food products is affected by the combination of food properties, consumer motives, emotions, and context, especially in cross-cultural studies. The designs of cross-cultural studies involve several limitations such as conceptual perception and linguistic and cultural differences in response style. These factors confine the validity and generalizability of such study models. In this study, we have combined linguistic and contextual perception together to generate consumer texture terminologies. Four focus groups discussions were conducted with consumers from nine different countries in English, Hindi, Mandarin, and Spanish. Vocabularies for sixteen texture terms were generated. Consumers provided a single consensus term that they typically use to describe contextual sensory perception. The results show that consumers use several terms to describe texture, and terms are very specific to product and related perception. The English translation of words like “snack”, “texture”, and other sensory texture terms are meaningless for non-English speaking cultures. Researchers are encouraged to validate (test) the structure of cross-cultural study models before application. Practical application: The findings of this study present a model which can be utilized to conduct cross-cultural research studies. The results can contribute to generate accurate consumer responses, acceptance, preference, and addressing consumers concerns. Food industries could leverage these by using our methodology in product development, finding consumer insights, effective communication, and products testing in international settings.

The sense of obligation is culturally modulated

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bender
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Sense Of Obligation ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Abstract Tomasello argues in the target article that, in generalizing the concrete obligations originating from interdependent collaboration to one's entire cultural group, humans become “ultra-cooperators.” But are all human populations cooperative in similar ways? Based on cross-cultural studies and my own fieldwork in Polynesia, I argue that cooperation varies along several dimensions, and that the underlying sense of obligation is culturally modulated.

The Structure of Wiggins' Interpersonal Circumplex: Cross-Cultural Studies

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Martínez-Arias ◽  
Fernando Silva ◽  
Ma Teresa Díaz-Hidalgo ◽  
Generós Ortet ◽  
Micaela Moro
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Interpersonal Circumplex ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Independent Research ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Summary: This paper presents the results obtained in Spain with The Interpersonal Adjective Scales of J.S. Wiggins (1995) concerning the variables' structure. There are two Spanish versions of IAS, developed by two independent research groups who were not aware of each other's work. One of these versions was published as an assessment test in 1996. Results from the other group have remained unpublished to date. The set of results presented here compares three sources of data: the original American manual (from Wiggins and collaborators), the Spanish manual (already published), and the new IAS (our own research). Results can be considered satisfactory since, broadly speaking, the inner structure of the original instrument is well replicated in the Spanish version.

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