Chronic Depression

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Scott
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Chronic Depression ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
Minor Depression ◽  
Illness Episode ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Double Depression

Defining chronic depression as persistent symptoms for 2 or more years, a prevalence of chronic depression of 12–15% is found in the literature. A four-part classification of chronic depression is proposed: Chronic Primary Major Depression; Chronic Secondary Major Depression; Characterological or Chronic Minor Depression (Dysthymic Disorder); and ‘Double Depression’. The literature indicates several factors predicting chronicity in primary major depression: more at risk are female patients, particularly those with premorbid neurotic personality traits, individuals with unipolar disorders, and those with higher familial loading for such disorders. Other factors are the adequacy and appropriateness of the treatment given, and the length of illness episode prior to treatment being received. Larger studies with well-matched controls are needed.

Superimposition of acute depressive episode on chronic neurotic symptoms: one of the reasons for refractoriness of depression

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 307-308
Author(s):  
F Okada ◽  
M Daiguji
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Minor Depression ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Collaborative Program ◽  
Double Depression

Keller and Shapiro (1982) reported that 26% of the first 101 patients who entered the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)-Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression (Katz and Klerman, 1979; Katz et al, 1979) with a major depressive episode were found to have a pre-existing chronic minor depression of at least 2 years’ duration. They labeled this Phenomenon “double depression„ (Keller and Shapiro, 1982). Furthermore, patients with panic disorder almost universally suffer from major depression at some time in the course of their disorder (Coryell et al, 1988; Stein and Uhde, 1988; Vollrath et al, 1990). “Double diagnosis„, or identification of psychotic or related syndromes, co-existing with personality disorders, have received much attention in the literature in recent years (Sanderson et al, 1990; Torgersen, 1990; Barsky et al, 1992). Much of the research on comorbidity between depressive and anxiety disorders has been summarized in two edited volumes (Kendall and Watson, 1989; Maser and Cloninger, 1990).

Trajectories of recovery of social and physical functioning in major depression, dysthymic disorder and double depression: A 3-year follow-up

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 148-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didi Rhebergen ◽  
Aartjan T.F. Beekman ◽  
Ron de Graaf ◽  
Willem A. Nolen ◽  
Jan Spijker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
Double Depression

Major depression, minor depression, and double depression: Are they distinct clinical entities?

1996 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Remick ◽  
A. D. Sadovnick ◽  
R. W. Lam ◽  
A. P. Zis ◽  
I. M. L. Yee
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Minor Depression ◽  
Double Depression

Classification of senior tourists according to personality traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-556
Author(s):  
Felix Elvis Otoo ◽  
Seongseop (Sam) Kim ◽  
Jerome Agrusa ◽  
Joseph Lema
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits

Association of age with risk of major depression among patients with chronic kidney disease over midlife: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (08) ◽  
pp. 1171-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Feng Chen ◽  
Yu-Huei Chien ◽  
Pau-Chung Chen ◽  
I-Jen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:The impact of age on the development of depression among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at stages before dialysis is not well known. We aimed to explore the incidence of major depression among predialysis CKD patients of successively older ages through midlife.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the longitudinal health insurance database 2005 in Taiwan. This study investigated 17,889 predialysis CKD patients who were further categorized into study (i.e. middle and old-aged) groups and comparison group aged 18–44. The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) was applied for coding diseases.Results:The group aged 75 and over had the lowest (hazard ratio [HR] 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32–0.69) risk of developing major depression, followed by the group aged 65–74 (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.49–0.92), using the comparison group as reference. The adjusted survival curves showed significant differences in cumulative major depression-free survival between different age groups. We observed that the risk of major depression development decreases with higher age. Females were at a higher risk of major depression than males among predialyasis CKD patients.Conclusions:The incidence of major depression declines with higher age in predialysis CKD patients over midlife. Among all age groups, patients aged 75 and over have the lowest risk of developing major depression. A female preponderance in major depression development is present. We suggest that depression prevention and therapy should be integrated into the standard care for predialysis CKD patients, especially for those young and female.

Biased processing of neutral facial expressions is associated with depressive symptoms and suicide ideation in individuals at risk for major depression due to affective temperaments

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Maniglio ◽  
Francesca Gusciglio ◽  
Valentina Lofrese ◽  
Martino Belvederi Murri ◽  
Antonino Tamburello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Affective Temperaments ◽  
Biased Processing

Affective Disorders Among Elderly General Practice Patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Turrina ◽  
R. Caruso ◽  
R. Este ◽  
F. Lucchi ◽  
G. Fazzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
General Practices

BackgroundWe investigated the prevalence of depression among 255 elderly general practice patients and the practitioners' performance in identifying depression.MethodElderly patients attending 14 general practices entered a screening phase with GHQ-12 and MMSE. Those positive were then interviewed with GMS and HAS.ResultsDSM-III-R major depression affected 22.4%, dysthymic disorder 6.3%, not otherwise specified (n.o.s.) depression 7.1 %. General practitioners performed fairly well: identification index 88.4%, accuracy 0.49, bias 1.85.ConclusionsDepression was markedly high. A selective progression of depressed elderly from the community to general practitioners is implied.

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