Abnormal Movements in Never-Medicated Indian Patients with Schizophrenia

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. McCreadie ◽  
R. Thara ◽  
S. Kamath ◽  
R. Padmavathy ◽  
S. Latha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Barnes Akathisia Scale

BackgroundHistorical records suggest dyskinesia was observed in severely ill institutionalised patients with schizophrenia in the pre-neuroleptic era More recent work has not found dyskinesia in never-medicated younger and middle aged patients. The present study complements this recent work and avoids the confounders of severity of illness and institutionalism by examining elderly patients in a wide variety of community settings.MethodMovement disorders were examined in 308 elderly individuals in Madras, India, using the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale, the Simpson and Angus Parkinsonism Scale and the Barnes Akathisia Scale. Patients' mental state was assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.ResultsDyskinesia was found in 15% of normal subjects (n=101, mean age 63 years), 15% of first degree blood relatives of younger schizophrenic patients (n=103, mean age 63 years), 38% of never medicated patients (n=21, mean age 65 years) and 41 % of medicated patients (n=83, mean age 57 years). The respective prevalences for Parkinsonism were 6%, 11 %, 24% and 36%; and for akathisia 9%, 5%, 21 % and 23%. Dyskinesia was associated with negative schizophrenic symptoms.ConclusionsDyskinesia in elderly schizophrenic patients is an integral part of the illness and not associated with antipsychotic medication.

Poor memory, negative symptoms and abnormal movements in never-treated Indian patients with schizophrenia

1997 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. McCreadie ◽  
S. Latha ◽  
R. Thara ◽  
R. Padmavathi ◽  
J. R. Ayankaran
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Confounding Variable ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Poor Memory

BackgroundCognitive impairment, frequently found in patients with schizophrenia, may be associated with negative symptoms and dyskinesia. However, antipsychotic medication may be a confounding variable. These putative associations may be clarified by examining never-treated patients.MethodNever-treated elderly schizophrenic patients (n=19) living in south-east India were compared with treated patients (n=25) and normal subjects (n=55). Memory was assessed by the Wechsler Memory Scale, negative symptoms by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and dyskinesia by the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale.ResultsNormal subjects had a higher mean memory quotient than patients. There were no significant differences between never-treated and treated patients. Negative symptoms were associated with a poorer memory in the never-treated group. There was no association between memory and dyskinesia.ConclusionsThere is an association in never-treated patients between a poorer memory and negative symptoms, but not between a poorer memory and dyskinesia.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of once-monthly Risperidone ISM® in schizophrenic patients with an acute exacerbation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph U. Correll ◽  
Robert E. Litman ◽  
Yuriy Filts ◽  
Jordi Llaudó ◽  
Dieter Naber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Efficacy Outcome ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

AbstractTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Risperidone ISM® against placebo in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted between June 2017 and December 2018 (NCT03160521). Eligible patients received once-monthly intramuscular injections of Risperidone ISM® (75 or 100 mg) or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy outcome was change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score from baseline to week 12. The key secondary efficacy outcome was change from baseline in Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale (CGI-S) score. Altogether, 438 patients were randomized (1:1:1) and 390 included in the modified ITT efficacy set. The PANSS total score (mean difference, 95% CI) improved significantly from baseline to day 85 with Risperidone ISM® 75 and 100 mg, with placebo-adjusted differences of −13.0 (95% CI, −17.3 to −8.8); (p < 0.0001), and −13.3 (−17.6 to −8.9); (p < 0.0001), respectively. Significantly improved mean changes were also obtained for CGI-S score from baseline to day 85 for both doses of Risperidone ISM® compared with placebo −0.7 (−1.0 to −0.5); p < 0.0001, for both doses. The statistically significant improvement for both efficacy outcomes were observed as early as 8 days after first injection. The most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events were increased blood prolactin (7.8%), headache (7.3%), hyperprolactinemia (5%), and weight increase (4.8%). Neither new nor unexpected relevant safety information was recorded. Risperidone ISM® provided rapid and progressive reduction of symptoms in patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia without need of oral risperidone supplementation or loading doses. Both doses were safe and well tolerated.

Movement Disorder in Never and Minimally Treated Nigerian Schizophrenic Patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin G. McCreadie ◽  
Jude U. Ohaeri
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorder ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Abnormal Involuntary Movements ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Barnes Akathisia Scale

Two hundred and forty-two Nigerian schizophrenic patients (63% male, 37% female), whose mean age was 42 years and length of illness 12 years, were examined for movement disorders using the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale, the Simpson and Angus Parkinsonism Scale and the Barnes Akathisia Scale. Twelve patients had never received antipsychotic medication; and none of these had dyskinesia. Dyskinesia was found in 5 of 49 patients (10%) who had taken medication throughout the course of their illness for a total of up to 3 months, 13 of 74 (18%) who had taken medication for 4–12 months, 14 of 41 (34%) for 1–5 years, and 29 of 66 (45%) who had taken medication for more than 5 years. Of 77 patients who were receiving antipsychotic medication at the time of examination, 9 (12%) had Parkinsonism and 12 (15%) akathisia. Examination of the patients' mental state by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale showed an association between dyskinesia and positive, but not negative, schizophrenic symptoms. Nigerian patients showed a low level of negative symptoms.

Sinistrality in subtypes of schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Dollfus ◽  
Jacqueline A. Buijsrogge ◽  
Karim Benali ◽  
Pascal Delamillieure ◽  
Perrine Brazo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Normal Process ◽  
Deficit Syndrome ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

SummarySinistrality, characterized by an excess of non-right-handedness, has been reported in schizophrenic patients, but the findings are controversial.Aim.As sinistrality could be linked to a failure of hemisphere specialization in schizophrenia that would translate into language disorders, sinistrality was found out in disorganized and positive schizophrenic patients characterized by language disorders.Methods.Seventy-three schizophrenic patients (DSM IV) and 81 controls were evaluated with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI). Patients were evaluated and classified into five subtypes (deficit, positive, disorganized, mixed and residual) with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome.Results.Disorganized patients had a significantly more severe sinistrality in comparison to the deficit, residual and mixed subtypes and controls. A negative correlation was found between the disorganization and the EHI scores (r = – 0.34; P < 0.01). A significantly more severe sinistrality was also observed in the positive subtype in comparison to controls, but there was no correlation between hallucinatory and EHI scores (r = 0.06).Conclusion.The findings provided further evidence that the defects in the normal process of lateralization observed in schizophrenia affects primarily disorganized patients.

Blonanserin augmentation in patients with schizophrenia – who is benefited from blonanserin augmentation?: An open-label, prospective, multicenter study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s226-s226
Author(s):  
Y.S. Woo ◽  
J.E. Park ◽  
D.H. Kim ◽  
I.K. Sohn ◽  
T.Y. Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Prospective Multicenter Study ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Negative Syndrome

IntroductionEvidences for antipsychotics augmentation for schizophrenic patients with suboptimal efficacy have been lacking although it has been widespread therapeutic strategy in clinical practice.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of blonanserin augmentation with an atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) in schizophrenic patients.MethodsA total of 100 patients with schizophrenia partially or completely unresponsive to treatment with an AAP recruited in this 12-week, open-label, non-comparative, multicenter study. Blonanserin was added to existing AAPs which were maintained during the study period. Efficacy was primarily evaluated using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline, week 2, 4, 8, and 12. Predictors for PANSS response (≥ 20% reduction) was investigated.ResultsThe PANSS total score was significantly decreased at 12 weeks after blonanserin augmentation (–21.0 ± 18.1, F = 105.849, P < 0.001). Response rate on PANSS at week 12 was 51.0%. Premature discontinuation was occurred in 17 patients (17.0%) and 4 patients among them discontinued the study due to adverse events. Nine patients experienced significant weight gain during the study. Response to blonanserin augmentation was associated with severe (PANSS > 85) baseline symptom (OR = 10.298, P = 0.007) and higher dose (> 600 mg/day of chlorpromazine equivalent dose) of existing AAPs (OR = 4.594, P = 0.014).ConclusionsBlonanserin augmentation improved psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenic patients in cases of partial or non-responsive to an AAP treatment with favorable tolerability. Patients with severe symptom despite treatment with higher dose of AAP were benefited from this augmentation. These results suggested that blonanserin augmentation could be an effective strategy for specific patients with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A forced five-dimensional factor analysis and concurrent validity of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in Mexican schizophrenic patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fresán ◽  
C. De la Fuente-Sandoval ◽  
C. Loyzaga ◽  
M. Garcı́a-Anaya ◽  
N. Meyenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

scholarly journals Pattern of Attentional Task Impairment in Schizophrenic Patients: A Study Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shailja Singh ◽  
Tapas Kumar Aich ◽  
Sanjeev Ranjan ◽  
Abhinav Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
Clinical Psychologist ◽  
Attentional Processing ◽  
Attentional Deficits ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Attentional Tasks

The present study attempted to find out the relationship between positive and negative clinical symptoms and  various attentional task impairment in a group of schizophrenic patients. METHODS: Fifty schizophrenic patients were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale  (PANSS) by a trained psychiatrist (TKA) who was blind to attentional test measures and two groups, each of 25  positive symptom and 25 negative symptom schizophrenic patients, were formed. On these 50 patients with  schizophrenia and 15 normal control groups, various attentional test measures were applied by a clinical  psychologist (SS) who remained blind to the PANSS score. RESULTS: It was found that schizophrenic patients were deficient in performing simple auditory and visual  attentional tasks in comparison to normal subjects. The results of this study are inconsistent with the assumption  that deficits in attention are uniquely associated with negative symptoms. The findings clearly support the  hypothesis of a relationship between type of attentional processing and “dimensions” of schizophrenic  symptomatology. The positive symptoms patients seem to be associated with attentional dysfunction especially  selective attention and short term recall, whereas negative symptoms patients seem to be associated with different  types of attentional deficits, e.g., sustained attention and visual attention. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of our study are consistent with the existing literature that schizophrenic patients  in general perform poorly on various measures of attentional tasks. Positive and negative symptoms  schizophrenics have some correlation with distinct attentional deficits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v1i2.8402 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol.1(2) 2013: 1-7

Psychopathological Dimensions and Lack of Insight in Schizophrenia

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel J. Cuesta ◽  
Victor Peralta ◽  
Amalia Zarzuela
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

The present study investigated the relationships of psychopathological dimensions of schizophrenia with Insight in a sample of 100 acute schizophrenic patients. Lack of insight was significantly correlated with disorganized, excited and negative schizophrenic dimensions but not with other Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale dimensions. In addition, when insight was assessed through a multidimensional approach, a variety of relationships with the schizophrenic dimensions were found.

Cognitive Group Therapy for Paranoid Schizophrenics: Applying Cognitive Dissonance

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Levine ◽  
Yoram Barak ◽  
Ilana Granek
Keyword(s):  
Group Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Supportive Group ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Psychotherapy with paranoid schizophrenics is a hard and often unrewarding task. Individual and group therapies are usually supportive only and are not aimed at changing the paranoid mode of thinking. Although cognitive therapy has been applied in schizophrenic patients, it has not gained wide acceptance. Cognitive dissonance postulates that individuals experience discomfort and tension when holding two dissonant beliefs simultaneously. We here present the group therapy of six schizophrenic paranoids treated by modified cognitive group therapy implementing cognitive dissonance as the vector of change. A control group of six age- and sex-matched paranoid schizophrenics was treated by supportive group therapy. Analysis of the results, using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), during therapy and at follow-up of 4 weeks demonstrates statistically significant improvement in total PANSS score as well as in the positive symptoms subscale.

Carbonyl stress in schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 468-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanari Itokawa ◽  
Mitsuhiro Miyashita ◽  
Makoto Arai ◽  
Toshio Miyata
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Carbonyl Stress ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

We have identified idiopathic carbonyl stress in a subpopulation of schizophrenic patients. We first identified a patient with a mutation in GLO1 (glyoxalase I) who showed increased AGE (advanced glycation end-product) levels and decreased vitamin B6 levels. By applying the observations from this rare case to the general schizophrenic population, we were able to identify a subset of patients (20%) for whom carbonyl stress may represent a causative pathophysiological process. Genetic defects in GLO1 increase the risk of carbonyl stress 5-fold, and the resulting increased AGE levels correlate significantly with PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) scored negative symptoms. Pyridoxamine, an active form of vitamin B6 and scavenger for carbonyl stress, could represent a novel and efficacious therapeutic agent for these treatment-resistant symptoms. In the present article, we describe a unique research approach to identify the causative process in the pathophysiology of a subset of schizophrenia. Our findings could form the basis of a schizophrenia subtype classification within this very heterogeneous disease and ultimately lead to better targeted therapy.

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