scholarly journals Occupational moral injury and mental health: systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 (6) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Williamson ◽  
Sharon A.M. Stevelink ◽  
Neil Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Moral Injury ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health Disorders

BackgroundMany people confront potentially morally injurious experiences (PMIEs) in the course of their work which can violate deeply held moral values or beliefs, putting them at risk for psychological difficulties (e.g. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, etc.).AimsWe aimed to assess the effect of moral injury on mental health outcomes.MethodWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between work-related PMIEs and mental health disorders. Studies were independently assessed for methodological quality and potential moderator variables, including participant age, gender and PMIE factors, were also examined.ResultsThirteen studies were included, representing 6373 participants. PMIEs accounted for 9.4% of the variance in PTSD, 5.2% of the variance in depression and 2.0% of the variance in suicidality. PMIEs were associated with more symptoms of anxiety and behavioural problems (e.g. hostility), although this relationship was not consistently significant. Moderator analyses indicated that methodological factors (e.g. PMIE measurement tool), demographic characteristics and PMIE variables (e.g. militaryv.non-military context) did not affect the association between a PMIE and mental health outcomes.ConclusionsMost studies examined occupational PMIEs in military samples and additional studies investigating the effect of PMIEs on civilians are needed. Given the limited number of high-quality studies available, only tentative conclusions about the association between exposure to PMIEs and mental health disorders can be made.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Endometriosis and Mental-Health Sequelae; The ELEMI Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110197
Author(s):  
Gayathri Delanerolle ◽  
Rema Ramakrishnan ◽  
Dharani Hapangama ◽  
Yutian Zeng ◽  
Ashish Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Chronic Pelvic Pain ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Health Disorders

Background: It is important to evaluate sequalae for complex chronic health conditions such as endometriosis and mental health disorders. Endometriosis impacts 1 in 10 women. Mental health outcomes can be a primary determinant in many physical health conditions although this is an area not well researched particularly in women’s health. This has been problematic for endometriosis patients in particular, who report mental health issues as well as other key comorbidities such as chronic pelvic pain and infertility. This could be partly due to the complexities associated with comprehensively exploring overlaps between physical and mental health disorders in the presence of multiple comorbidities and their potential mechanistic relationship. Methods: In this evidence synthesis, a systematic methodology and mixed-methods approaches were used to synthesize both qualitative and quantitative data to examine the prevalence of the overlapping sequalae between endometriosis and psychiatric symptoms and disorders. As part of this, an evidence synthesis protocol was developed which included a systematic review protocol that was published on PROSPERO (CRD42020181495). The aim was to identify and evaluate mental health reported outcomes and prevalence of symptoms and psychiatric disorders associated with endometriosis. Findings: A total of 34 papers were included in the systematic review and 15 were included in the meta-analysis. Anxiety and depression symptoms were the most commonly reported mental health outcomes while a pooled analysis also revealed high prevalence of chronic pelvic pain and dyspareunia. Interpretation: It is evident that small-scale cross-sectional studies have been conducted in a variety of settings to determine mental health outcomes among endometriosis patients. Further research is required to comprehensively evaluate the mental health sequalae with endometriosis.

scholarly journals Mental health after paediatric concussion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103548
Author(s):  
Alice Gornall ◽  
Michael Takagi ◽  
Thilanka Morawakage ◽  
Xiaomin Liu ◽  
Vicki Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Homogeneous Sample ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Recovery Assessment

ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis sought to rigorously examine mental health outcomes following paediatric concussion. To date, heterogeneous findings and methodologies have limited clinicians’ and researchers’ ability to meaningfully synthesise existing literature. In this context, there is a need to clarify mental health outcomes in a homogeneous sample, controlling for key methodological differences and applying a consistent definition of concussion across studies.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWe searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SportDiscus, Scopus and PubMed.EligibilityPeer-reviewed studies published between 1980 and June 2020 that prospectively examined mental health outcomes after paediatric concussion, defined as per the Berlin Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport.ResultsSixty-nine articles characterising 60 unique samples met inclusion criteria, representing 89 114 children with concussion. Forty articles (33 studies) contributed to a random effects meta-analysis of internalising (withdrawal, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress), externalising (conduct problems, aggression, attention, hyperactivity) and total mental health difficulties across three time points post-injury (acute, persisting and chronic). Overall, children with concussion (n=6819) experienced significantly higher levels of internalising (g=0.41–0.46), externalising (g=0.25–0.46) and overall mental health difficulties compared with controls (g=0.18–0.49; n=56 271), with effects decreasing over time.Summary/conclusionsOur review highlights that mental health is central to concussion recovery. Assessment, prevention and intervention of mental health status should be integrated into standard follow-up procedures. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying observed relationships between mental health, post-concussion symptoms and other psychosocial factors. Results suggest that concussion may both precipitate and exacerbate mental health difficulties, thus impacting delayed recovery and psychosocial outcomes.

scholarly journals Examining the Association and Directionality between Mental Health Disorders and Substance Use among Adolescents and Young Adults in the U.S. and Canada—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Esmaeelzadeh ◽  
John Moraros ◽  
Lilian Thorpe ◽  
Yelena Bird
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The U.S

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults in the U.S. and Canada. Methods: The following databases were used: Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis used odds ratios as the pooled measure of effect. Results: A total of 3656 studies were screened and 36 were selected. Pooled results showed a positive association between depression and use of alcohol (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24–1.83), cannabis (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10–1.51), and tobacco (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.43–1.92). Significant associations were also found between anxiety and use of alcohol (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19–2.00), cannabis (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02–1.81), and tobacco (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.54–3.17). A bidirectional relationship was observed with tobacco use at baseline leading to depression at follow-up (OR = 1.87, CI = 1.23–2.85) and depression at baseline leading to tobacco use at follow-up (OR = 1.22, CI = 1.09–1.37). A unidirectional relationship was also observed with cannabis use leading to depression (OR = 1.33, CI = 1.19–1.49). Conclusion: This study offers insights into the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults. Our findings can help guide key stakeholders in making recommendations for interventions, policy and programming.

scholarly journals A multilevel scenario based predictive analytics framework to model the community mental health and built environment nexus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayanti Mukherjee ◽  
Emmanuel Frimpong Boamah ◽  
Prasangsha Ganguly ◽  
Nisha Botchwey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Health Disorders

AbstractThe built environment affects mental health outcomes, but this relationship is less studied and understood. This article proposes a novel multi-level scenario-based predictive analytics framework (MSPAF) to explore the complex relationships between community mental health outcomes and the built environment conditions. The MSPAF combines rigorously validated interpretable machine learning algorithms and scenario-based sensitivity analysis to test various hypotheses on how the built environment impacts community mental health outcomes across the largest metropolitan areas in the US. Among other findings, our results suggest that declining socio-economic conditions of the built environment (e.g., poverty, low income, unemployment, decreased access to public health insurance) are significantly associated with increased reported mental health disorders. Similarly, physical conditions of the built environment (e.g., increased housing vacancies and increased travel costs) are significantly associated with increased reported mental health disorders. However, this positive relationship between the physical conditions of the built environment and mental health outcomes does not hold across all the metropolitan areas, suggesting a mixed effect of the built environment’s physical conditions on community mental health. We conclude by highlighting future opportunities of incorporating other variables and datasets into the MSPAF framework to test additional hypotheses on how the built environment impacts community mental health.

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