scholarly journals Mental health after paediatric concussion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103548
Author(s):  
Alice Gornall ◽  
Michael Takagi ◽  
Thilanka Morawakage ◽  
Xiaomin Liu ◽  
Vicki Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Homogeneous Sample ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Recovery Assessment

ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis sought to rigorously examine mental health outcomes following paediatric concussion. To date, heterogeneous findings and methodologies have limited clinicians’ and researchers’ ability to meaningfully synthesise existing literature. In this context, there is a need to clarify mental health outcomes in a homogeneous sample, controlling for key methodological differences and applying a consistent definition of concussion across studies.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWe searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SportDiscus, Scopus and PubMed.EligibilityPeer-reviewed studies published between 1980 and June 2020 that prospectively examined mental health outcomes after paediatric concussion, defined as per the Berlin Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport.ResultsSixty-nine articles characterising 60 unique samples met inclusion criteria, representing 89 114 children with concussion. Forty articles (33 studies) contributed to a random effects meta-analysis of internalising (withdrawal, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress), externalising (conduct problems, aggression, attention, hyperactivity) and total mental health difficulties across three time points post-injury (acute, persisting and chronic). Overall, children with concussion (n=6819) experienced significantly higher levels of internalising (g=0.41–0.46), externalising (g=0.25–0.46) and overall mental health difficulties compared with controls (g=0.18–0.49; n=56 271), with effects decreasing over time.Summary/conclusionsOur review highlights that mental health is central to concussion recovery. Assessment, prevention and intervention of mental health status should be integrated into standard follow-up procedures. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying observed relationships between mental health, post-concussion symptoms and other psychosocial factors. Results suggest that concussion may both precipitate and exacerbate mental health difficulties, thus impacting delayed recovery and psychosocial outcomes.

scholarly journals Occupational moral injury and mental health: systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 (6) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Williamson ◽  
Sharon A.M. Stevelink ◽  
Neil Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Moral Injury ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health Disorders

BackgroundMany people confront potentially morally injurious experiences (PMIEs) in the course of their work which can violate deeply held moral values or beliefs, putting them at risk for psychological difficulties (e.g. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, etc.).AimsWe aimed to assess the effect of moral injury on mental health outcomes.MethodWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between work-related PMIEs and mental health disorders. Studies were independently assessed for methodological quality and potential moderator variables, including participant age, gender and PMIE factors, were also examined.ResultsThirteen studies were included, representing 6373 participants. PMIEs accounted for 9.4% of the variance in PTSD, 5.2% of the variance in depression and 2.0% of the variance in suicidality. PMIEs were associated with more symptoms of anxiety and behavioural problems (e.g. hostility), although this relationship was not consistently significant. Moderator analyses indicated that methodological factors (e.g. PMIE measurement tool), demographic characteristics and PMIE variables (e.g. militaryv.non-military context) did not affect the association between a PMIE and mental health outcomes.ConclusionsMost studies examined occupational PMIEs in military samples and additional studies investigating the effect of PMIEs on civilians are needed. Given the limited number of high-quality studies available, only tentative conclusions about the association between exposure to PMIEs and mental health disorders can be made.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Mental health outcomes associated with the use of amphetamines: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 81-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McKetin ◽  
Janni Leung ◽  
Emily Stockings ◽  
Yan Huo ◽  
James Foulds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

scholarly journals Correction to: Prevalence of problematic smartphone usage and associated mental health outcomes amongst children and young people: a systematic review, meta-analysis and GRADE of the evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sei Yon Sohn ◽  
Philippa Rees ◽  
Bethany Wildridge ◽  
Nicola J. Kalk ◽  
Ben Carter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Children And Young People

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Associations Between Post-migration Stressors and Psychiatric Disorders in Adult Refugees in European High Income Countries. A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Christina Nowak ◽  
Victoria Sophie Boettcher ◽  
Lea-Marie Gehrlein ◽  
Claudia Hornberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
High Income ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background: Refugees and asylum seekers have a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression. Associations between the number of traumatic events and psychiatric disorders have been reported in literature, but knowledge on the influence of post-migration stressors on mental health outcomes in host countries remains scarce. Method: Four databases in the field of public and mental health were systematically searched. From a total of 2,456 studies found, 1,777 were included for title and abstract screening and 61 full texts were separately screened for eligibility by 2 authors. Out of these studies, 23 studies were included in this systematic review. A narrative synthesis was undertaken.Results: The overall findings showed that post-migration stressors have a significant impact on mental health outcomes. Especially uncertain legal status, missing social support and unemployment were shown to negatively influence mental health, but results vary among the different psychiatric disorders, i.e. post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety. Discussion: Post-migration stressors can contribute to the high prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders in refugees in European high-income countries. However, results must be interpreted with caution because of the heterogeneous study populations included and the variety of post-migration stressors. None of the studies considered the effect of mental disorders on the perceived severity of post-migration stressors.

scholarly journals Effect of Engagement With Digital Interventions on Mental Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Z. Q. Gan ◽  
Lauren McGillivray ◽  
Jin Han ◽  
Helen Christensen ◽  
Michelle Torok
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
The Relationship

Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) present a promising way to address gaps in mental health service provision. However, the relationship between user engagement and outcomes in the context of these interventions has not been established. This study addressed the current state of evidence on the relationship between engagement with DMHIs and mental health outcomes. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EmBASE databases were searched from inception to August 1, 2021. Original or secondary analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if they examined the relationship between DMHI engagement and post-intervention outcome(s). Thirty-five studies were eligible for inclusion in the narrative review and 25 studies had sufficient data for meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analyses indicated that greater engagement was significantly associated with post-intervention mental health improvements, regardless of whether this relationship was explored using correlational [r = 0.24, 95% CI (0.17, 0.32), Z = 6.29, p < 0.001] or between-groups designs [Hedges' g = 0.40, 95% CI (0.097, 0.705), p = 0.010]. This association was also consistent regardless of intervention type (unguided/guided), diagnostic status, or mental health condition targeted. This is the first review providing empirical evidence that engagement with DMHIs is associated with therapeutic gains. Implications and future directions are discussed.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD 42020184706.

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