scholarly journals Postpartum change in common mental disorders among rural Vietnamese women: Incidence, recovery and risk and protective factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trang Thu Nguyen ◽  
Thach Duc Tran ◽  
Tuan Tran ◽  
Buoi La ◽  
Hau Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Vietnamese Women

BackgroundIn low- and middle-income countries little is known about changes in women's mental health status from the perinatal period to 15 months postpartum or the factors associated with different trajectories.AimsTo determine the incidence and rates of recovery from common mental disorders (CMD) among rural Vietnamese women and the risk and protective factors associated with these outcomes from the perinatal period to 15 months after giving birth.MethodIn a population-based prospective study, a systematically recruited cohort of women completed baseline assessments in either the last trimester of pregnancy or 4–6 weeks after giving birth and were followed up 15 months later. The common mental disorders of major depression, generalised anxiety and panic disorder were assessed by psychiatrist-administered Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders at both baseline and follow-up.ResultsA total of 211 women provided complete data in this study. The incidence rate of CMD in the first postpartum year was 13% (95% CI 8–19), and 70% (95% CI 59–80) of women who had perinatal CMD recovered within the first postpartum year. Incidence was associated with having experienced childhood maltreatment, experiencing the intimate partner as providing little care, sensitivity, kindness or affection, and the chronic stress of household poverty. Recovery was associated with higher quality of a woman's relationships with her intimate partner and her own mother, longer period of mandated rest following birth, and sharing of domestic tasks and infant care.ConclusionsModifiable social factors, in particular the quality of a woman's closest relationships with her partner and her own mother, and participation by family members in domestic work and infant care, are closely related to women's mental health in the first year after giving birth in resource-constrained settings.

scholarly journals Using Friendship Ties to Understand the Prevalence of, and Factors Associated With, Intimate Partner Violence Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Kenya: Cross-Sectional, Respondent-Driven Survey Study

10.2196/19023 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e19023
Author(s):  
Peter Memiah ◽  
Anne Kamau ◽  
Yvonne Opanga ◽  
Samuel Muhula ◽  
Emmanuel Nyakeriga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background Optimization of innovative approaches is required for estimating the intimate partner violence (IPV) burden among adolescents and young adults (AYA). Further investigation is required to identify risk and protective factors associated with IPV among AYA. There remain significant gaps in understanding these factors among this vulnerable population. Objective The goal of our study was to determine the prevalence of IPV among an urban population of AYA and to identify factors associated with IPV among AYA. Methods A cross-sectional study design utilizing respondent-driven sampling was adopted. The study was conducted among 887 AYA, aged 15 to 24 years, residing in Nairobi, Kenya. Data were collected through a phone-based survey using the REACH (Reaching, Engaging Adolescents and Young Adults for Care Continuum in Health)-AYA app. Questions on behavioral and psychosocial factors were adopted from different standardized questionnaires. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the study sample. Results Of the 887 participants, a higher proportion were male (540/887, 60.9%) compared to female (347/887, 39.1%). The prevalence of IPV was 22.3% (124/556). IPV was associated with being unsure if it was okay for a boy to hit his girlfriend, living in a home with physical violence or abuse, and being bullied (P=.005). The likelihood of experiencing IPV was higher among respondents whose friends and family members used alcohol (odds ratio [OR] 1.80, 95% CI 1.09-2.98) and among those who had repeated a class at school in the past two years (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.11-3.23). Respondents who visited a health facility or doctor for reproductive health services were 2 times more likely to experience IPV (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.40-3.70). Respondents who had used illicit drugs were 2 times more likely to experience IPV (OR 4.31, 95% CI 2.64-7.04). The probability of experiencing IPV decreased by 63% (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16-0.85) among respondents who refused to have sex with someone who was not prepared to use a condom. Conclusions IPV remains a significant public health priority because of its impact to society. Our results are in congruence with other similar studies. Efforts toward incorporating appropriate IPV core measures into the comprehensive care package for every AYA seeking health services should be explored. Programs need to address constellations of risk and protective factors linked to IPV in an effort to prevent its occurrence.

scholarly journals Using Friendship Ties to Understand the Prevalence of, and Factors Associated With, Intimate Partner Violence Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Kenya: Cross-Sectional, Respondent-Driven Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Memiah ◽  
Anne Kamau ◽  
Yvonne Opanga ◽  
Samuel Muhula ◽  
Emmanuel Nyakeriga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

BACKGROUND Optimization of innovative approaches is required for estimating the intimate partner violence (IPV) burden among adolescents and young adults (AYA). Further investigation is required to identify risk and protective factors associated with IPV among AYA. There remain significant gaps in understanding these factors among this vulnerable population. OBJECTIVE The goal of our study was to determine the prevalence of IPV among an urban population of AYA and to identify factors associated with IPV among AYA. METHODS A cross-sectional study design utilizing respondent-driven sampling was adopted. The study was conducted among 887 AYA, aged 15 to 24 years, residing in Nairobi, Kenya. Data were collected through a phone-based survey using the REACH (Reaching, Engaging Adolescents and Young Adults for Care Continuum in Health)-AYA app. Questions on behavioral and psychosocial factors were adopted from different standardized questionnaires. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the study sample. RESULTS Of the 887 participants, a higher proportion were male (540/887, 60.9%) compared to female (347/887, 39.1%). The prevalence of IPV was 22.3% (124/556). IPV was associated with being unsure if it was okay for a boy to hit his girlfriend, living in a home with physical violence or abuse, and being bullied (P=.005). The likelihood of experiencing IPV was higher among respondents whose friends and family members used alcohol (odds ratio [OR] 1.80, 95% CI 1.09-2.98) and among those who had repeated a class at school in the past two years (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.11-3.23). Respondents who visited a health facility or doctor for reproductive health services were 2 times more likely to experience IPV (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.40-3.70). Respondents who had used illicit drugs were 2 times more likely to experience IPV (OR 4.31, 95% CI 2.64-7.04). The probability of experiencing IPV decreased by 63% (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16-0.85) among respondents who refused to have sex with someone who was not prepared to use a condom. CONCLUSIONS IPV remains a significant public health priority because of its impact to society. Our results are in congruence with other similar studies. Efforts toward incorporating appropriate IPV core measures into the comprehensive care package for every AYA seeking health services should be explored. Programs need to address constellations of risk and protective factors linked to IPV in an effort to prevent its occurrence.

Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Intimate Partner Violence Against Chinese Women: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110302
Author(s):  
Jiepin Cao ◽  
Chi-Young Lee ◽  
Xu Liu ◽  
Rosa M. Gonzalez-Guarda
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Factors Associated

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health challenge leading to various detrimental health outcomes. Chinese women are a vulnerable population often overlooked in IPV research. Guided by the social–ecological model, this systematic review aims to synthesize literature on the risk and protective factors for IPV among Chinese women. A comprehensive search was conducted in nine major English and Chinese databases for articles with data collected since 2006 on adult Chinese women, leading to 29 papers in the final analysis. Risk and protective factors associated with IPV identified in this review include factors at the individual level such as demographics (e.g., a younger age, unplanned pregnancy, abortion, having children, and migration), socioeconomic status (e.g., income and partners’ education level), attitudinal factors (e.g., attitudes justifying IPV and traditional beliefs about gender roles), behavioral factors (e.g., alcohol use of women, partners’ alcohol use and frequency, and partners’ high frequency of gambling), adverse childhood experiences (e.g., witnessed violence in childhood), and other personal characteristics (e.g., chronic illness and good health status). Factors at the relationship level include conflicts, power in intimate relationships, and social capital (e.g., the size of social networks, network participation of women and their partners, and social control). Community-level factors related to geographic locations were also explored while no factors were identified at the societal level. None of the included studies examined the intersections of factors within the same level or across different levels. Recommendations for future research, practice, and policy are also discussed.

scholarly journals Mobile-based interventions for common mental disorders in youth: a systematic evaluation of pediatric health apps

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Domhardt ◽  
Eva-Maria Messner ◽  
Anna-Sophia Eder ◽  
Sophie Engler ◽  
Lasse B. Sander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background The access to empirically-supported treatments for common mental disorders in children and adolescents is often limited. Mental health apps might extend service supplies, as they are deemed to be cost-efficient, scalable and appealing for youth. However, little is known about the quality of available apps. Therefore, we aimed to systematically evaluate current mobile-based interventions for pediatric anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods Systematic searches were conducted in Google Play Store and Apple App Store to identify relevant apps. To be eligible for inclusion, apps needed to be: (1) designed to target either anxiety, depression or PTSD in youth (0–18 years); (2) developed for children, adolescents or caregivers; (3) provided in English or German; (4) operative after download. The quality of eligible apps was assessed with two standardized rating systems (i.e., Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and ENLIGHT) independently by two reviewers. Results Overall, the searches revealed 3806 apps, with 15 mental health apps (0.39%) fulfilling our inclusion criteria. The mean overall scores suggested a moderate app quality (MARS: M = 3.59, SD = 0.50; ENLIGHT: M = 3.22, SD = 0.73). Moreover, only one app was evaluated in an RCT. The correlation of both rating scales was high (r = .936; p < .001), whereas no significant correlations were found between rating scales and user ratings (p > .05). Conclusions Our results point to a rather poor overall app quality, and indicate an absence of scientific-driven development and lack of methodologically sound evaluation of apps. Thus, future high-quality research is required, both in terms of theoretically informed intervention development and assessment of mental health apps in RCTs. Furthermore, institutionalized best-practices that provide central information on different aspects of apps (e.g., effectiveness, safety, and data security) for patients, caregivers, stakeholders and mental health professionals are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Improving referrals from primary care to secondary mental health services through an educational intervention: experience from Qatar

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ovais Wadoo ◽  
Sami Ouanes ◽  
Mohamed Ali Siddig Ahmed ◽  
Iman Saeed Ahmed Saeid ◽  
Samya Ahmad AlAbdulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Health Clinic

Primary care is geared to manage patients with mild to moderate presentations of common mental disorders and to refer patients with more severe mental disorders to specialist mental health services. With growing demand for specialty care, the quality of the referral is increasingly important to ensure efficient patient flow across the primary/secondary care interface and appropriate use of secondary services. We report on an initiative in a Qatari mental health clinic to improve the quality of referrals from primary care to specialist mental health services through an educational intervention for family physicians. We highlight the problem, the intervention and the outcome of our initiative, which was the first of its kind in the region. The number of inappropriate referrals fell by 93%, and the number of referrals with inadequate clinical information declined from 15 (January 2019) to 1 (September 2019). Feedback was very positive; respondents reported feeling supported, with better understanding of care pathways, the scope of primary care and mental health services.

Evaluating Risk and Protective Factors for Suicidality and Self-Harm in Australian Adolescents With Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying Victimizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110341
Author(s):  
Md Irteja Islam ◽  
Fakir Md Yunus ◽  
Enamul Kabir ◽  
Rasheda Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Parental Distress ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Bullying Victims

Purpose: To identify and compare important risk and protective factors associated with suicidality and self-harm among traditional bullying and cyberbullying victims aged 14-17-years in Australia. Design: Cross-sectional population-based study. Setting: Young Minds Matter, a nationwide survey in Australia. Subjects: Adolescents aged 14-17-years (n = 2125). Measures: Suicidality and self-harm were outcome variables, and explanatory variables included sociodemographic factors (age, gender, country of birth, household income, location, family type), risk factors (parental distress, family functioning, family history of substance use, child substance use, mental disorder, psychosis, eating disorders, sexual activity) and protective factors (high self-esteem, positive mental health or resilience, school connectedness, sleep) among 2 types of bullying victims—traditional and cyber. Traditional bullying includes physical (hit, kick, push) or verbal (tease, rumors, threat, ignorance), and cyberbullying includes teasing messages/pictures via email, social medial using the internet and/or mobile phones. Analysis: Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression models. Statistical metrics include Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit-test, VIF test, Linktest and ROC curve for model performance and fitness. Results: Overall, 25.6% of adolescents were traditional bullying victims and 12% were cyberbullying victims. The percentages of suicidality (34.4% vs 21.6%) and self-harm (32.8% vs 22.3%) were higher in cyberbullying victims than in traditional bullying victims. Girls were more often bullied and likely to experience suicidal and self-harming behavior than boys. Parental distress, mental disorder and psychosis were found to be significantly associated with the increase risk for self-harm and suicidality among both bullying victims (p < 0.05). While, eating disorder and sexual activity increased the risk of suicidality in traditional bullying victims and self-harm in cyberbullying victims, respectively. Positive mental health/resilience and adequate sleep were found be significantly associated with decreased suicidality and self-harm in both bullying victims. Conclusion: Suicidality and self-harm were common in bullying victims. The findings highlight that the risk and protective factors associated with suicidality and self-harm among adolescent who experienced traditional and cyberbullying victimization should be considered for the promotion of effective self-harm and suicide prevention and intervention programs.

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN SUMAILA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KANO STATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
M. M. Haddad ◽  
A. I. Ojukwu ◽  
B. Y. Mansur ◽  
U. Yunusa ◽  
B. L. Umar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage

The study was conducted to evaluate the factors associated with common mental disorders among women of reproductive age in Sumaila Local Government Area of Kano state. Cross-sectional descriptive design was used. A total of 163 women were recruited for the study using multi-stage sampling technique. A close-ended structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected were organized and analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and results were presented using frequency distribution and percentages, and mean±standard deviation. Chi-square analysis was used to test for association between factors associated with and development of common mental disorders at 5% level of significant within 95% confidence interval. Findings from the study revealed that 28.4% of the respondents had Common Mental Disorders, awareness of the respondents were low as most of them believed that demonic possession (73.5%) and witchcraft (58.6%) were the causes of mental illness.   Significant association was found between factors associated with common mental disorders and age at first marriage (χ2=3.395, p=0.048) and low social integration (χ2=5.414, p=0.020), of the women.  The study concluded that common mental disorders in rural communities are mostly related to age at first marriage   It is recommended that mental health personnel should conduct advocacy to traditional and religious leaders, also the male parents in rural areas on the influence of early marriage on mental disorders and clear their misconceptions on its causes, for early prevention and improved mental health seeking behaviour.

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