scholarly journals Consultant-liaison psychiatrists and euthanasia in the Netherlands

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frits J. Huyse ◽  
Willem van Tilburg ◽  
Ine Klijn ◽  
Gertie Casteelen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Medical Doctor ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Criminal Punishment ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
The Public

On 30 November 1993 a nine year political debate on euthanasia closed; the first chamber of the Dutch parliament ratified the law on undertaking, including euthanasia regulations. This political step concluded, for the time being at least, a legal, public, political and medical debate, which started in 1973, when a medical doctor was convicted for performing euthanasia on her mother. In a first effort in 1983, parliament failed to legalise euthanasia. In 1989 a new government introduced an initiative to improve the existing law in this regard. As a part of the process, empirical data on the extent of euthanasia in The Netherlands were required. Therefore, the Minister of Justice installed a committee. Its findings have been reported nationally and internationally (van der Maas et al, 1991a, 1991b); about 2,300 euthanasia cases in 1990, being 1.8% of all deaths. These empirical findings reduced the uncertainties about the extent of euthanasia, thereby providing a sound basis for the parliamentary decision-making process. Although by the current law euthanasia and assisted suicide still remain illegal, under strict guidelines for behaviour provided by the Ministry of Justice in November 1990 and distributed among physicians in January 1991, euthanasia can be exempted by the public prosecutor from criminal punishment on the basis of the ‘opportunity’ principle, this being the opportunity for the public prosecutor not to bring all reported crimes to court (Letter of the Minister of Justice to Parliament, 1990).

scholarly journals The Failure of the Court to Protect Consumers: A Review of Consumer Dispute Resolution in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Syamsudin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Entire System ◽  
The Public

Abstract Indonesia needs strong measures to protect its consumers, which leads to the creation of the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) as an arbiter to settle disputes between consumers and businesses efficiently. The Indonesian Supreme Court (MARI) has set aside an alarming number of BPSK arbitral awards, putting the entire system in jeopardy. The aims of this study are to examine the empirical data on MARI’s decisions in setting aside arbitral awards and analyse their decision-making process. This research shows how MARI has been interpreting the statue promulgating the BPSK very narrowly. The result of MARI’s interpretation of the law has deep implications for consumer protection in Indonesia, namely that the public trust in the enforcement of Consumer Protection Law by BPSK has been severely diminishing, leaving consumers without meaningful access to justice or protection of their rights.

An Ethical Perspective on Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide in the Netherlands from a Nursing Point of View

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie JG van der Arend
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Consultation Skills ◽  
Source Of Information

In the Netherlands, euthanasia and assisted suicide are formally forbidden by criminal law, but, under certain strictly formulated conditions, physicians are excused for administering these to patients on the basis of necessity. These conditions are bound up with a long process of criteria development. Therefore, physicians still live in uncertainty. Future court decisions may change the criteria. Apart from that, physicians can always be prosecuted. The position of nurses, however, is perfectly clear; they are never allowed to administer euthanasia or assisted suicide. Nevertheless, they should be involved in the decision-making process because they are an important source of information and have consultation skills. The openness of the discussion about these issues in the Netherlands may prevent an escalation of medical or nursing responsibility and falling victim to the ‘slippery slope’.

Dutch Nurses' Attitudes Towards Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada van Bruchem-van de Scheur ◽  
Arie van der Arend ◽  
Frans van Wijmen ◽  
Huda Huijer Abu-Saad ◽  
Ruud ter Meulen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Common Practices

This article presents the attitudes of nurses towards three issues concerning their role in euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 1509 nurses who were employed in hospitals, home care organizations and nursing homes. The study was conducted in the Netherlands between January 2001 and August 2004. The results show that less than half (45%) of nurses would be willing to serve on committees reviewing cases of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. More than half of the nurses (58.2%) found it too far-reaching to oblige physicians to consult a nurse in the decision-making process. The majority of the nurses stated that preparing euthanatics (62.9%) and inserting an infusion needle to administer the euthanatics (54.1%) should not be accepted as nursing tasks. The findings are discussed in the context of common practices and policies in the Netherlands, and a recommendation is made not to include these three issues in new regulations on the role of nurses in euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide.

scholarly journals Decision Making in Committees: Transparency, Reputation, and Voting Rules

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilat Levy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Career Concerns ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Voting Rules ◽  
The Public ◽  
Voting Rule ◽  
The Right

In this paper I analyze the effect of transparency on decision making in committees. I focus on committees whose members are motivated by career concerns. The main result is that when the decision-making process is secretive (when individual votes are not revealed to the public), committee members comply with preexisting biases. For example, if the voting rule demands a supermajority to accept a reform, individuals vote more often against reforms. Transparent committees are therefore more likely to accept reforms. I also find that coupled with the right voting rule, a secretive procedure may induce better decisions than a transparent one. (JEL D71, D72)

scholarly journals Wind Power Deployment: The Role of Public Participation in the Decision-Making Process in Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita A. Jami ◽  
Philip R. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Knowledge Broker ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Opposition

A wider use of renewable energy is emerging as a viable solution to meet the increasing demand for global energy while contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. However, current literature on renewable energy, particularly on wind power, highlights the social barriers and public opposition to renewable energy investment. One solution to overcome the public opposition, which is recommended by scholars, is to deploy a collaborative approach. Relatively little research has specifically focused on the role of effective communication and the use of a knowledge-broker in collaborative decision-making. This study attempts to fill this gap through the proposition of a participatory framework that highlights the role of the knowledge-broker in a wind project decision-making process. In this paper, five illustrative wind projects in Ontario are used to highlight the current situation with public participation and to address how the proposed framework could have improved the process. Based on the recommended collaborative framework, perception must shift from the dominant view of the public as “a risk to be managed” towards “a resource that can be tapped”. The developers need to improve sharing what they know and foster co-learning around questions and concerns.

Public Involvement in the Design of Public Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Emad S. Mushtaha ◽  
Omar Hassan Omar ◽  
Dua S. Barakat ◽  
Hessa Al-Jarwan ◽  
Dima Abdulrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Public Project ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Building Program

The involvement of the public in the decision-making process is essential, especially in the early stages of a design process. This study aims to achieve the development of an architectural program for a memorial public project, using the outcomes of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on public opinion. It employs a novel approach that sharply focuses on public involvement in the design process, using a quantitative methodology for the development of a suitable building program and selecting a memorial form that meets the public's needs in a practical way. The study drew on data from various memorial projects to identify possible spaces and their selection criteria. A written questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 105 members of the public, to narrow down the number of spaces according to public response. Then, a hearing (spoken) questionnaire was conducted on a sample of 20 to produce the program for development by generating the most strongly preferred form of memorial. The results contradicted the existing norm for a memorial as a sculpture; it was revealed that most of the public preferred memorial landscapes to buildings and great structures. The study concluded that AHP could be used to further involve the relevant stakeholders in the decision-making process of the design of a public project.

13. The nature of judicial review

2020 ◽  
pp. 277-308
Author(s):  
Neil Parpworth
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Private Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
Procedural Reform ◽  
Actual Decision ◽  
Public Bodies

Judicial review is a procedure whereby the courts determine the lawfulness of the exercise of executive power. It is concerned with the legality of the decision-making process as opposed to the merits of the actual decision. Thus it is supervisory rather than appellate. Emphasis is also placed on the fact that the jurisdiction exists to control the exercise of power by public bodies. This chapter discusses the supervisory jurisdiction of the courts, procedural reform, the rule in O’Reilly v Mackman, the public law/private law distinction, collateral challenge, and exclusion of judicial review. The procedure for making a claim for judicial review under the Civil Procedural Rules (CPR) 54 is outlined.

scholarly journals Exploration of Silence's Motives Towards the Work Decisions: The Case of Jordanian Public and Private Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Osama Khaled Alkhlaifat
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Last Stage

The aim of this study has been to investigate and provide a deeper understanding of the motives of silence towards the participation in the work-related decisions, in both the public and private schools in the Jordanian capital (Amman). ‘100’ teachers were interviewed using the semi-structured interviews through the available communication means. The pre-set questions were directed to the sample of the study to identify both the situations related to the decisions and motives leading to silence and non-participation from the respondents' point of view. The motives were classified according to the factors to which they belong, as well as the situations were classified according to each stage of the decision-making process, where some specialists in the field of human resources management had been asked to help in accomplishing the classification. The results showed that the largest percentage of respondents faced at least one situation in which they chose to remain silent. Most of the situations mentioned were related to the first and last stage of decision-making process (identifying the problem and following up the decision). The results also showed that most of the motives were related to the organizational practices by the officials, where the total iteration is twice as the personal motives.

Do Public Enterprises Need a Corporate Strategy?

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
K R S Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Public Enterprises ◽  
Strategic Competence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Low Level

A large gap has arisen between the stated objectives of the public enterprises in India and their achievements, largely owing to inherent conflicts in their strategic decision making process. In this article, K R S Murthy stresses that any public enterprise's strategic competence depends on the interplay among three actors (managers, bureaucrats, and politicians) with diverse motivations, careers, and systems. Team work with common values and commitment among the three actors alone can improve the low level of strategic competence. Since the prerequisites for strategic formulations are riot met in public enterprises, it is a debatable point whether they should have a corporate strategy at all.

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