scholarly journals Criminally invalid: the treatment outcome profile form for substance misuse

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 404-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Luty ◽  
Sabu Varughese ◽  
Joby Easow
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Treatment Services

Aims and MethodTo audit completion of the Treatment Outcome Profile (TOP) form in individuals attending substance misuse services in England. Forms are completed at the start of treatment and every 3 months thereafter. All forms at 3-drug treatment services were inspected over 6 months.ResultsForms were inspected for 200 service users; 86% were fully completed. Two-thirds (67%) of service users had no declared funding for illicit drug use in the previous month (mean spending £988; s.e. = 149) despite denying any paid employment and criminal activity.Clinical ImplicationsThe section on crime in the TOP form is unreliable and completely invalid.

On-Treatment Illicit Drug Use Did Not Impact Treatment Outcome during Therapy with Ledipasvir-Sofosbuvi with or without Ribavirin in the Phase 3 ION-1 Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. S776-S777 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Grebely ◽  
S. Flamm ◽  
S. Zeuzem ◽  
R. Hyland ◽  
P. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Phase 3

The Effects of Methadone Maintenance with Opioid Takers: A Review and Some Findings from One British City

1978 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Paxton ◽  
Patrick Mullin ◽  
Jack Beattie
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Methadone Group ◽  
Firm Evidence

SummaryVarious benefits claimed for methadone maintenance in the treatment of opioid drug takers are reviewed. It is said to stop illicit drug use, maintain treatment contact, reduce morbidity, mortality and crime, and improve social adjustment. Little firm evidence is found to support these claims. Results are reported comparing 26 drug takers on methadone prescriptions with 16 illicit opioid takers. The measures used are Stimson's (1972) ‘Patterns of Behaviour’ questionnaire, and direct behavioural measures of social functioning. The groups are found not to differ in terms of treatment contact, work status and involvement with other drug takers. There is some evidence that the methadone group is involved in less criminal activity. However, no association is found between amounts of drugs prescribed and numbers of local pharmacy thefts. It is concluded that the benefits of methadone maintenance have been exaggerated.

Rehab, respite and recovery: the experiences of methadone users in a modified therapeutic community (MTC) in Scotland

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Iain McPhee ◽  
Denice Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Therapeutic Community ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rich Data

Purpose – There is limited research documenting recovery experiences of residential service users. The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions service users on methadone have about recovery. In depth, semi structured 1-1 interviews with seven poly drug using homeless males between the ages of 37 and 46 and analysed using NVivo software. Results are presented thematically. Participants conform to “recovery” norms allowing stigma and shame of illicit drug use to be attributed to former addict identities. Participants on methadone maintenance report inner conflict arising from changing societal and cultural norms that equate recovery with abstinence. Tensions were revealed in true motivations for active rather than passive participation in adopting group work norms. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative design utilises small numbers of participants to gather rich data. In depth, semi structured 1-1 interviews conducted with seven poly drug using homeless males who have completed between ten and 15 weeks of a minimum 26-week residential treatment programme. Participants were aged 37-46. Results were analysed thematically using NVivo software. Findings – Participants conform to “recovery” norms allowing stigma and shame of illicit drug use to be attributed to a former stigmatised addict identity. Participants on methadone maintenance report inner conflict arising from changing societal and cultural norms regards recovery and abstinence. A significant process of recovery involved adopting the norms of 12-step groups and TC therapy to gain enough trust to leave the therapeutic community (TC) unsupervised. This created tension regards motivation, were these individuals in recovery, or merely “faking it”? Research limitations/implications – A female perspective may have provided a more balanced discussion and yielded greater depth in results. Only one service was studied and the findings may be specific to that cohort. The duration of stay at the service of ten to 15 weeks is a relatively short time and excluded participants resident for six months or more. Longer term residents may have been more reflective and informative. Practical implications – Encourage active options and increased debate on the variety of treatment options available to long term homeless opiate users who have failed to comply with previous treatments. While this is a small modest study, the rich data yields practical advice for policy makers and service providers. Social implications – This research study adds to an informed perspective by encouraging debate on methadone as a challenge to definitions of recovery that infer abstinence as a key definition of success. Originality/value – There is a paucity of research documenting a Scottish TC service user perspective using qualitative methods on experiences of addiction, treatment and recovery.

scholarly journals Treatment or prison: service user and staff experiences of drug treatment and testing orders

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Kouimtsidis ◽  
Martina Reynolds ◽  
Victor Asamoah
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Service User ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Areas Of Concern ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Staff Experiences

AIMS AND METHODThe drug treatment and testing order (DTTO) is a treatment option imposed by courts and the first multi-agency initiative in the treatment of substance misuse in the UK. We used separate focus groups for service users and staff involved with DTTOs in Hertfordshire to qualitatively investigate their experiences of the orders. Interviews were recorded and analysed using grounded theory methods.RESULTSAnalysis highlighted areas of concern related to the central issue of forced treatment, which was more challenging for staff than for service users. The area of most concern was multiagency collaboration.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONSMulti-agency initiatives require extensive liaison across agencies.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGIC DIRECTIONS IN CRIMINALISTIC RESEARCH FOR THE OFFENCE OF TRAFFICKING AND ILLICIT DRUG CONSUMPTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Petronela-Diana Ferariu ◽  
Valentina Avrămescu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Illicit Trafficking

The criminal activity of trafficking and illicit drug use is developing rapidly, new psychoactive substances are emerging at a rapid pace and represent a major threat to the health and safety of individuals. The actual crime in the case of trafficking and illicit drug use offence must be determined in terms of size the participants and causes. The distinction between real crime and apparent crime is defined as the "dark number or hidden figure of crime" (Rădulescu S., 1999, 189) The use of this concept is specifically used in the case of the number of crimes committed and remained unknown to the society, for various reasons. In the forensic investigation of the crime of trafficking and illicit drug use, the research activity is carried out with great difficulties, because one of the forms of crime with the highest rate of the dark number of crime and almost impossible to estimate is the illicit trafficking and consumption of drugs, as victims are most often accomplice in this form of crime, and establishing the diversity of substances that fall into the narcotic sphere is relative.

scholarly journals The relative importance of perceived substance misuse use by different peers on smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use in adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 107464
Author(s):  
Vanessa Er ◽  
Rona Campbell ◽  
Matthew Hickman ◽  
Chris Bonell ◽  
Laurence Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Relative Importance

Illicit drug use as a predictor of smoking cessation treatment outcome

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Stapleton ◽  
Francis Keaney ◽  
Gay Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Cessation Treatment

Testing Relationships Between Racial-Ethnic Identity, Racial-Ethnic Discrimination, and Substance Misuse Among Black and Latinx Older Adults in a Nationally Representative Sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 016402752098695
Author(s):  
Laurent Reyes ◽  
Peter Treitler ◽  
N. Andrew Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Older adults (aged 55+) comprise a rapidly growing population both in number and racial-ethnic diversity. In recent years, substance misuse prevalence among older adults has increased and is expected to continue rising, highlighting the need to understand risk and protective factors in this population. Using nationally representative data, this study examines the association of racial-ethnic identity and racial-ethnic discrimination with alcohol and illicit drug use among Black and Latinx older adults, and whether racial-ethnic identity moderates the relationship between discrimination and substance misuse. Findings show that among Latinx older adults discrimination is associated with increased substance misuse, and higher ethnic identity is associated with decreased illicit drug use. Higher racial-ethnic identity buffers the effects of discrimination on illicit drug use for Latinx, but not for Black respondents. Findings of this study highlight the complex associations between racial-ethnic identity, discrimination, and substance misuse, varying across racial-ethnic group, age, context, and other factors.

scholarly journals Federal and State Action Needed to End the Infectious Complications of Illicit Drug Use in the United States: IDSA and HIVMA’s Advocacy Agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (Supplement_5) ◽  
pp. S230-S238
Author(s):  
Sandra A Springer ◽  
Joshua A Barocas ◽  
Alysse Wurcel ◽  
Ank Nijhawan ◽  
Kinna Thakarar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
State Action ◽  
Treatment Services

Abstract In response to the opioid crisis, IDSA and HIVMA established a working group to drive an evidence- and human rights-based response to illicit drug use and associated infectious diseases. Infectious diseases and HIV physicians have an opportunity to intervene, addressing both conditions. IDSA and HIVMA have developed a policy agenda highlighting evidence-based practices that need further dissemination. This paper reviews (1) programs most relevant to infectious diseases in the 2018 SUPPORT Act; (2) opportunities offered by the “End the HIV Epidemic” initiative; and (3) policy changes necessary to affect the trajectory of the opioid epidemic and associated infections. Issues addressed include leveraging harm reduction tools and improving integrated prevention and treatment services for the infectious diseases and substance use disorder care continuum. By strengthening collaborations between infectious diseases and addiction specialists, including increasing training in substance use disorder treatment among infectious diseases and addiction specialists, we can decrease morbidity and mortality associated with these overlapping epidemics.

Family structure and youth illicit drug use, use disorder, and treatment services utilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 104880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saijun Zhang ◽  
Younghee Lim ◽  
Javier F. Boyas ◽  
Viktor Burlaka
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Treatment Services
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