Gemtuzumab ozogamicin for treatment of relapsing/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
16531 Background: Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is a calicheamicin-conjugated anti-CD 33 monoclonal antibody studied and utilized in relapsed and refractory acute myelogenous leukemia. Methods: At our center we treated a series of refractory patients (<60 years old) and relapsed patients (>60 years old) with gemtuzumab ozogamicin over a 3 year period. We treated 20 patients: 14 males and 6 females with an age range of 21 to 77 years (median 64 years). Seven patients were refractory to multiple regimens (<60 years old) and 13 were relapsing from initial therapy (>60 years old). Cytogenetic analysis revealed 60% were intermediate-risk and 40% were poor-risk. The goal of therapy was complete remission (≤ 5% leukemia blast cells in the marrow. ≥ 9 g/dl hemoglobin, ≥1500/ul absolute neutrophil count, and platelet count ≥100,000/ul). Patients received gemtuzumab ozogamicin 9 mg/m2 I.V. days 1 and 5. All patients received at least one dose. Patients achieving complete remission were eligible to receive monthly doses of gemtuzumab ozogamicin after complete remission was obtained. Results: Of the 7 refractory patients (<60 years old), there were no complete remissions. Of 13 relapsing patients (>60 years old) there were 2 complete remissions. One patient was 64 and the other 67 years old. Both remissions lasted 2 months. All patients were treated in the hospital. Chills/fever with treatment occurred in 40% of patients. Fever/neutropenia was universal. Thirty percent had elevation of liver function tests. Conclusions: Gemtuzumab ozogamicin as a single agent is capable of producing complete remission in a small number of relapsing patients >60 years old. Remissions are short. No significant financial relationships to disclose.