Phase II study of efficacy of bevacizumab and erlotinib in inoperable previously untreated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
e15557 Background: New treatment options are needed for patients with inoperable and metastatic HCC. Sorafenib, a RAF kinase inhibitor, prolongs the time to progression and overall survival compared to best supportive care (5.5 and 10.7 months respectively). Angiogenesis plays important role in the development and progression of HCC. Erlotinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor that down-regulates expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and bevacizumab, a monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody, have synergistic activity in arresting angiogenesis. The objective of the study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of bevacizumab and erlotinib. The pre-determined endpoint for a positive result is a 27 week PFS of > 20%. Methods: A phase II study was conducted for newly diagnosed unresectable or metastatic HCC, Child-Pugh class A or B cirrhosis with bilirubin <2.0 mg/dL, transaminases < 5 x ULN, Platelet count >75,000 K/UL and ECOG PS 0–2 who had no prior systemic therapy and were not candidates for liver transplantation. Erlotinib was administered continuously at a daily dose of 150 mg, and bevacizumab was administered at a dose of 15 mg/kg intravenously every three weeks. Subjects were evaluated for disease progression by RECIST criteria. Results: At the time of analysis, 21 subjects were enrolled (16 Child- Pugh class A, 5 class B). 16 were evaluable. The median age was 60 Yrs.(range 33–81). Four subjects (27%) were progression-free at 27 weeks of enrollment (95% CI 8%- 55%). Median (quartiles) time to progression was 10.3 (9.0–57.1) weeks. The median (quartiles) overall survival (OS) was 59.7 (range 24.6- 92.6) weeks. Grade-3 events observed were (no.): fatigue (4), dehydration (2), hematemesis (1), diarrhea (1), nausea (1), and dyspnea (1). Grade-4 events (no.) observed were: myocardial infarction (1), atrial fibrillation (1), and ventricular tachycardia (1); pulmonary edema (1). Conclusions: The results met the predetermined study end point of progression free survival at 27 weeks of > 20%. The combination of bevacizumab and erlotinib should be further evauated as treatment option for patients with HCC. [Table: see text]