Improved survival outcomes in clinically relevant patient subgroups from COU-AA-301, a phase III study of abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone (P) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) progressing after docetaxel-based chemotherapy.
4 Background: AA is a selective androgen biosynthesis inhibitor that blocks the action of CYP17. Preclinical and early clinical studies suggest that AA potently inhibits persistent androgen synthesis from adrenal and intratumoral sources, thus suppressing an important growth stimulus for mCRPC. Methods: COU-AA-301 ( NCT00638690 ) is an international, randomized, double blind study of AA (1,000 mg + P 5 mg po BID) vs placebo + P administered to men with mCRPC progressing after docetaxel-based chemo. OS is the primary endpoint. Patients treated with previous ketoconazole or > 2 prior chemo regimens were excluded. Results: Data are drawn from a planned, stratified interim analysis, unblinded in August 2010, based on significant OS improvement in the AA + P treatment group compared to the placebo + P group [median OS 14.8 vs.10.9 months; HR = 0.646 (0.54-0.77), P < 0.0001]. A subgroup analysis for OS is presented in the table. Mineralocorticoid- related AEs were more common in the AA arm vs placebo: fluid retention 30.5% vs 22.3%, hypokalemia 17.1% vs 8.4%; but grade 3/4 hypokalemia (3.8% vs 0.8%), and grade 3/4 hypertension (1.3% vs 0.3%) were infrequent. LFT abnormalities were observed in 10.4% AA vs 8.1% placebo; and cardiac disorders were observed in 13.3% AA vs 10.4% placebo. Conclusions: AA significantly prolongs OS in patients with mCRPC who have progressed after docetaxel-based chemo. AA's favorable treatment effect on OS, observed across multiple patient subgroups (HR range 0.59 – 0.74 vs placebo + P), was consistent with the survival benefit for the overall study population. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]