Late Cretaceous-Early Palaeogene: Completion of Break-up of Pangaea II and Gondwana, Formation of Present-day Continents and Mature Phase of Ocean Development

AbstractDetrital zircon U–Pb ages in 37 sandstones from late Early – Late Cretaceous marine and non-marine successions across southern Zealandia indicate a provenance from local basement within present-day Zealandia. Samples from Taranaki Basin were derived from Median and Karamea batholith granitoids with transport directions from west to east. Samples from West Coast, Western Southland and Great South basins contain components derived more locally and more variably from Median Batholith and Rahu Suite granitoids and/or the Palaeozoic Buller Terrane. West Coast Basin samples have more plutonic contributions and Great South Basin localities have more Albian-aged (c. 110–100 Ma) zircons. Samples from Canterbury Basin were sourced from Torlesse Composite Terrane basement. The provenance variations are present in both marine and non-marine sandstones and suggest localized watersheds. This fits an interpretation of Late Cretaceous deposition in rift-controlled basins across southern Zealandia during pre-Gondwana break-up regional extension. More speculatively, some additional source areas may have been created at the rifted margins of Zealandia during this break-up.

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Spilopyrinae Chapuis: a new subfamily in the Chrysomelidae and its systematic placement (Coleoptera)

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/it00042 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 837 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

C. A. M. Reid

Keyword(s):

Late Cretaceous ◽

New Caledonia ◽

New Guinea ◽

Sister Taxon ◽

The Status ◽

Cladistic Analyses ◽

Break Up

The phylogeny of the Chrysomeloidea is re-assessed, with data from recently described larvae of three chrysomeloid taxa. Cladistic analyses were performed on 19 subfamilies and tribes with 56 informative characters. The tribe Megascelidini is shown to be correctly placed in Eumolpinae and the subfamily Aulacoscelidinae in Orsodacnidae, but Spilopyra and associated genera are the probable monophyletic sister-taxon of (Eumolpinae + (Lamprosomatinae + Cryptocephalinae)) and are therefore elevated to subfamily: Spilopyrinae Chapuis (= Stenomelini Chapuis, syn. nov. = Hornibiinae Crowson, syn. nov.). The genera included in Spilopyrinae are: Bohumiljania Monrós, Cheiloxena Baly, Hornius Fairmaire, Macrolema Baly, Richmondia Jacoby, Spilopyra Baly and Stenomela Blanchard. Adults and larvae of Spilopyrinae are described and a key given for the genera. The status of several genera formerly placed in association with members of the Spilopyrinae is reviewed. The subfamily Spilopyrinae has a southern trans-Pacific distribution, in Chile, New Caledonia, New Guinea and Australia, indicating an origin before the late Cretaceous break-up of Gondwana. The species feed on Sapindaceae (Spilopyra), Nothofagaceae (Hornius) and Myrtaceae (Cheiloxena, Stenomela). New keys are provided to the adults and larvae of the subfamilies of Chrysomeloidea.

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Description of the New Zealand incurvarioid Xanadoses nielseni, gen. nov., sp. nov. and placement in Cecidosidae (Lepidoptera)

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is02024 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 47 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Robert J. B. Hoare ◽

John S. Dugdale

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

New Zealand ◽

South America ◽

Late Cretaceous ◽

The Family ◽

America South ◽

Break Up

Xanadoses nielseni, gen. nov., sp. nov. is described from New Zealand, where it is the only native member of the superfamily Incurvarioidea. The larva is a bark-miner, making long tortuous galleries on the trunks of various species of smooth-barked tree and pupating under a raised silk-lined 'cap' of bark. The moth is assigned to the Cecidosidae on the basis of five apomorphies shared with this family, but is considered to represent the basal lineage within the family as it lacks at least four apomorphies shared by all other genera. The distribution of this concept of Cecidosidae (South America, South Africa and New Zealand) confirms it is an ancient group that originated before the break-up of Gondwana in the late Cretaceous. A checklist of cecidosid taxa is provided.

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