Immunological and Molecular Techniques for Studying the Dynamics of Microbial Populations and Communities in Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 249-272
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Carter ◽  
James M. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Microbial Populations

Use of isotopic and molecular techniques to link toluene degradation in denitrifying aquifer microcosms to specific microbial populations

2001 ◽  
Vol 175 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Pelz ◽  
Antonis Chatzinotas ◽  
Nils Andersen ◽  
Stefano M. Bernasconi ◽  
Christian Hesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Toluene Degradation

Multimode light microscopy and fluorescence-based reagents as tools for the study of chemical and molecular dynamics of living cells and tissues

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 418-419
Author(s):  
D. L. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Living Cells ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Macromolecular Assemblies ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Full Knowledge ◽  
Structural Methods

Cells function through the complex temporal and spatial interplay of ions, metabolites, macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies. Biochemical approaches allow the investigator to define the components and the solution chemical reactions that might be involved in cellular functions. Static structural methods can yield information concerning the 2- and 3-D organization of known and unknown cellular constituents. Genetic and molecular techniques are powerful approaches that can alter specific functions through the manipulation of gene products and thus identify necessary components and sequences of molecular events. However, full knowledge of the mechanism of particular cell functions will require direct measurement of the interplay of cellular constituents. Therefore, there has been a need to develop methods that can yield chemical and molecular information in time and space in living cells, while allowing the integration of information from biochemical, molecular and genetic approaches at the cellular level.

Characterisation of Type 2N von Willebrand Disease Using Phenotypic and Molecular Techniques

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (06) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
I M Nesbitt ◽  
A C Goodeve ◽  
A M Guilliatt ◽  
M Makris ◽  
F E Preston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Binding Region ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Summaryvon Willebrand factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein found in plasma non covalently linked to factor VIII (FVIII). Type 2N von Willebrand disease (vWD) is caused by a mutation in the vWF gene that results in vWF with a normal multimeric pattern, but with reduced binding to FVIII.We have utilised methods for the phenotypic and genotypic detection of type 2N vWD. The binding of FVIII to vWF in 69 patients, 36 with type 1 vWD, 32 with mild haemophilia A and one possible haemophilia A carrier with low FVIII levels was studied. Of these, six were found to have reduced binding (five type 1 vWD, one possible haemophilia A carrier), DNA was extracted from these patients and exons 18-23 of the vWF gene encoding the FVIII binding region of vWF were analysed. After direct sequencing and chemical cleavage mismatch detection, a Thr28Met mutation was detected in two unrelated individuals, one of whom appears to be a compound heterozygote for the mutation and a null allele. No mutations were found in the region of the vWF gene encoding the FVIII binding region of vWF in the other four patients

The fate of formaldehyde in sugar manufacture and in products

2015 ◽  
pp. 692-696
Author(s):  
Remi Aubry ◽  
Laurence Gasnot
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Specific Process ◽  
Beet Sugar ◽  
Series Of Experiments

A study was carried out in six beet sugar factories in France during the 2012/13 sugar campaign. The objective was to assess the optimal dosage of formaldehyde solutions at specific process stages and in different existing factory set-ups in order to obtain the desired effect on microbial populations, without interference with the quality of the products. In addition harmlessness regarding consumer health was to be demonstrated. A series of experiments was conducted resulting in new data allowing refreshment of common knowledge and references existing regarding the use of formaldehyde solutions in the sugar industry. The effectiveness and convenience for controlling microbiological activity in beet sugar manufacture was assessed. Formaldehyde reduces sugar losses and protects in-process products without harming their further use, such as for ethanol production.

Isolation of Epigallocatechin Gallate from Green Tea and its Effects on Probiotics and Pathogenic Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Tu Lijun ◽  
Sun Hanju ◽  
He Shudong ◽  
Zhu Yongsheng ◽  
Yu Ming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Bioactive Substance ◽  
Tea Extract

The aim of this study was to investigate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) prebiotics activities systematically which was reported as a bioactive substance. Therefore, EGCG was separated by water extraction, resin purification and prep-HPLC. Then the production of EGCG was confirmed by HPLC and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis and its purify was 97.23%. EGCG extractive and green tea extract (GTE) were further incubated with Bifidobacterium infantis, B. adolescentis, B. bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus to study its effect on microbial populations and medium pH. Finally, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were employed as pathogenic bacteria to explore the antimicrobial activity of EGCG and GTE. The results demonstrated that EGCG extractive could be beneficial for the proliferation of Bifidobacterium and L. acidophilus and also inhibit some pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, both EGCG extractive and GTE had prebiotics activities and the effects of EGCG extractive were superior to those of GTE.

Detection of Brucella organisms from Egyptian raw milk using cultural and molecular techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Aman ◽  
Ibrahim AL-Hawary ◽  
Nashwa Helmy ◽  
Ahmed EL-Gushi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Molecular Techniques

Using microbial fatty acids to quantify, characterize and compare biofilm and suspended microbial populations in wastewater treatment systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Werker ◽  
E. R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Removal ◽  
Operating Limits ◽  
Suspended Biomass ◽  
Kraft Mill Effluent ◽  
Microbial Fatty Acid ◽  
Influence Of Ph

Spectra of microbial fatty acid methyl esters were used to assess the influence of pH on the biofilm and suspended biomass populations within bench scale moving bed bioreactors treating bleached kraft mill effluent. The fatty acid spectral data were reduced by logcontrast canonical component analysis. The first canonical component differentiated biofilm from suspended populations and the second two appeared to indicate an influence of pH on microbial ecology. Thus, the biofilm and suspended microbial communities were distinct, as were the populations acclimated at pH 6 and pH 8. Experimental data for total organic carbon removal suggested that the more recalcitrant fraction of the influent was consumed by the slower growing, high SRT biofilm fraction of the biomass. Since the biofilm ecology was sensitive to pH within typical pH operating limits of full-scale systems, tighter pH control might improve treatment reliability in the event of process transients.

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